# NTSB CEN22LA056: Cessna 172, N5321A, Madison, MS, November 8, 2021 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report - Date: November 8, 2021, 15:05 local (21:05 UTC) - Place: Madison, MS - Coordinates: 32.440531, -90.103317 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=32.4405&lon=-90.1033&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing: Hard landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed - Report: Approved by Office Director - Investigation class: Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish - NTSB office: Central Region - Parties: FAA FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 104334 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CEN22LA056 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/104334/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=104334 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN22LA056 ## Probable cause The student pilot’s failure to maintain aircraft control following a bounced landing. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Experience/qualifications: total experience](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02031015): Personnel issues › Experience/knowledge · Student/instructed pilot; cases with it: [Cessna 172S, 6 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02031015/cases.md?model=2072439), [All aircraft, 126 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02031015/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Student/instructed pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 172S, 206 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=2072439), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: pitch control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062022): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 172S, 26 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062022/cases.md?model=2072439), [All aircraft, 526 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062022/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing-flare/touchdown: Abnormal runway contact](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090); cases with it: [Cessna 172S, 77 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090/sequence.md?model=2072439), [All aircraft, 1,506 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090/sequence.md) - [Landing: Hard landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 172S, 102 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/sequence.md?model=2072439), [All aircraft, 2,102 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/sequence.md) ## Analysis The student pilot reported that while practicing solo touch-and-go landings in calm wind and on his second approach to landing, the approach was higher and faster than normal, and the airplane bounced “hard.” She continued to attempt to land the airplane rather than perform a go-around and bounced a second time significantly harder. The airplane climbed momentarily, stalled, pitched nose down, and impacted the runway hard. The nose landing gear collapsed, and the airplane came to a stop. The engine firewall and tunnel structure aft of the firewall sustained substantial damage. The student pilot reported that due to her “lack of experience” she did not immediately know how to correct the landing. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N5321A](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N5321A), registered now, S/N 172S9308, built 2003 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 172 (S) - Registry model: [Cessna 172S](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172s) (registry code 2072439) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming IO-360-L2A](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-io-360-l2a) (registry code 41597, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 172S9308 - Year built: 2003 - Engines: Lycoming IO-360-L2A 180 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Just Plane Stuff Inc - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Airport: MBO, Bruce Campbell Fld, runway 17, 4,444 × 75 ft, asphalt - Equipment: Auto-pilot, ADS-B, Stall warning system, Electronic flight bag or handheld device ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 53; injuries: none; student; medical: class 3, without waivers/limitations; seat: left; flight hours: 38.9 total, 38.9 in this make and model, 3.8 as pilot in command, 23 in the last 90 days, 12 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: calm - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 72 °F, dew point 45 °F - Altimeter: 30.26 inHg - Observed at: KMBO - METAR: METAR KMBO 081855Z AUTO 00000KT 10SM CLR 22/07 A3026 RMK AO2= ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20211108020249A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20211108020249A), Nov 8, 2021: Cessna 172S, Madison, MS, Substantial damage. The pilot stated on approach she a little high, which resulted in excess speed on touchdown. The aircraft bounced on first touchdown. The second bounce was… ## Docket (2 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on January 5, 2022, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=104334. 7.1 MB in all. - Pilot/operator aircraft accident report, NTSB form 6120.1 (item 1, PDF, 9 pages, 6.9 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12988573&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Cindy%20NTSB%20Form_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Photos (item 2, PDF, 2 pages, 2 photos, 205 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12984849&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=photos%202-Rel.pdf From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.