# NTSB CEN22LA209: Textron B300C, N98FM, Fort Stockton, TX, May 21, 2022 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report - Date: May 21, 2022, 16:30 local (21:30 UTC) - Place: Fort Stockton, TX · runway - Coordinates: 30.915333, -102.91283 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=30.9153&lon=-102.9128&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing-landing roll: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed - Report: Approved by Office Director - Investigation class: Class 3 - NTSB office: Central Region - Parties: FAA Flight Standards, Textron Aviation - NTSB case key (mKey): 105120 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CEN22LA209 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/105120/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=105120 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN22LA209 ## Probable cause The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control while landing with a single engine and maximum braking effort. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Performance/control parameters: directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Textron B300C, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md?model=4220039), [All aircraft, 3,958 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Textron B300C, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=4220039), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing-landing roll: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) (defining event); cases with it: [Textron B300C, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md?model=4220039), [All aircraft, 4,585 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Textron B300C, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=4220039), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilots were conducting single-engine landing performance tests on an unimproved, dirt runway at the time of the accident. The pilot reported the touchdown was smooth, after which the throttles were reduced, and maximum braking was applied. The airplane began to drift toward the right side of the runway. The pilot immediately applied left rudder and reduced braking. He subsequently “applied cautious left braking” to bring the airplane to the center of the runway without over correcting. These actions were not sufficient and the right wing impacted bushes and a small tree along the right side of the runway, although the main landing gear remained on the runway. After the accident, the pilot noted that the antiskid braking system may not have been operating properly. Recorded data revealed the left brake pressure increased after touchdown consistent with the pilot’s effort to maintain the center of the runway. About 8 seconds later, the right brake pressure increased consistent with a maximum bilateral braking effort, and the left and right brake pressures began to oscillate consistent with normal operation of the antiskid system. The investigation was unable to identify any anomalies with respect to the airplane. The pilot’s efforts to maintain directional control after landing touchdown were insufficient, which allowed the right wing to drift off the right side of the runway and impact the brush and small tree. The single-engine landing and maximum braking effort in accordance with the test plan likely hindered these efforts. ## Factual narrative On May 21, 2022, about 1630 central daylight time, a Textron Aviation B300C airplane, N98FM, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Ft. Stockton, Texas. Neither of the two pilots were injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 test flight. The pilots were conducting landing performance testing on an unimproved, dirt runway at the time of the accident. The initial two-engine takeoffs and landings were uneventful. Subsequent testing was conducted with one engine shut down and secured, and with a 300 lb fuel imbalance as specified by the test plan. At the time of the accident landing, a 10-knot, 100° right crosswind prevailed. The wind had been variable over the course of the afternoon. The pilot flying reported the touchdown was smooth, after which the throttles were “placed into ground-fine” and maximum braking was applied. The airplane began to drift toward the right side of the runway. The pilot immediately applied left rudder and reduced braking. He subsequently “applied cautious left braking” to bring the airplane to the center of the runway without over correcting. According to the pilot, these actions were not sufficient and the right wing impacted bushes and a small tree along the right side of the runway, although the main landing gear remained on the runway. After the accident, the pilot noted that the antiskid braking system may not have been operating properly. The airplane sustained damage to the right-wing extension and winglet. Specifically, the leading edge was crushed aft, and the upper and lower wing skins were wrinkled. The lower wing skin was wrinkled aft of the spar consistent with spar damage. The airplane was equipped with a data recorder to support the flight test mission. The airframe manufacturer/operator reported that the left and right wheel speed data parameters related to the data recorder were inoperative. Wheel speed data was available to the antiskid system, which was operational during the flight. Brake pressure data revealed the left brake pressure increased after touchdown consistent with initial brake application, the right crosswind condition, and the pilot’s effort to maintain the center of the runway. About 8 seconds after initial brake application, the right brake pressure increased consistent with a maximum bilateral braking effort. In addition, the left and right brake pressures began to oscillate consistent with normal operation of the antiskid system. The pilots reported no anomalies with respect to the nose wheel steering or flight control systems. Review of the recorded data did not reveal any anomalies consistent with a malfunction of the antiskid brake system. The investigation was unable to identify any anomalies with respect to the airplane. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N98FM](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N98FM-2023-07-14), registration cancelled 2023-07-14, S/N FM-98, built 2021 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Textron Aviation B300C - Registry model: [Textron B300C](https://openairdocs.org/model/textron-b300c) (registry code 4220039) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-67A](https://openairdocs.org/engine/pratt-whitney-canada-pt6a-67a) (registry code 52207, turbo-prop) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: FM-98 - Year built: 2021 - Airframe hours: 27.8 - Engines: Pratt & Whitney PT6A-67A 1050 horsepower turbo prop; Pratt & Whitney PT6A-67A 1050 horsepower turbo prop - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Flight test, Part 91 - Operator: Textron Aviation, doing business as N/A - Registered owner: Royal Flying Doctor Service - Airworthiness certificate: Special, Experimental (Special) - Last inspection: AAIP, October 6, 2021, 27.8 hours before - Departed: FST, Fort Stockton, TX - Destination: FST, Fort Stockton, TX - Airport: FST, Fort Stockton - Pecos County, runway 25, 4,961 × 150 ft, dirt - Equipment: Data recorder, Auto-pilot, ADS-B, Stall warning system, Electronic primary flight display, Electronic multifunction display ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 67; injuries: none; flight instructor, airline transport; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, with waivers/limitations; last flight review July 18, 2021; seat: right; restraint: 4-point; flight hours: 10,802 total, 130 in this make and model, 9,008 as pilot in command, 58 in the last 90 days, 42 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours - Co-pilot; age 45; injuries: none; airline transport, flight instructor; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, with waivers/limitations; last flight review September 9, 2021; seat: left; restraint: 4-point; flight hours: 5,160 total, 82 in this make and model, 2,900 as pilot in command, 41 in the last 90 days, 31 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 330° at 12 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 2,300 ft overcast - Temperature: 82 °F, dew point 36 °F - Altimeter: 30.01 inHg - Observed at: KFST - METAR: METAR KFST 212153Z AUTO 33012KT 10SM OVC023 28/02 A3001 ## Docket (5 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on March 20, 2024, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=105120. 16.3 MB in all. - Pilot/operator aircraft accident report, NTSB form 6120.1 (item 1, PDF, 9 pages, 11.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16514568&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Accident%20Report%20--%20CEN22LA209_redacted-Rel.pdf - Pilot statement (item 2, PDF, 1 page, 51 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16657395&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=KFST%20May%2021%2022%20Rasmussen%20Statement-Rel.pdf - Flight data recorder - specialist's factual report (item 3, PDF, 11 pages, 3 photos, 1.4 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16799263&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=CEN22LA209_FDR_FINAL_R1-Rel.pdf - Flight data recorder - attachment 1 (tabular data of accident flight) (item 4, CSV, 3.4 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16799968&FileExtension=csv&FileName=FINAL_CEN22LA209_docket_R1-Rel.csv - Statement of party representatives to NTSB investigation (item 5, PDF, 1 page, 216 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16514217&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Party%20Form--%20CEN22LA209%20(Textron)_redacted-Rel.pdf From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.