# NTSB CEN22LA262: Cessna P210N, N7361K, Cresson, TX, June 21, 2022 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Serious injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report - Date: June 21, 2022, 08:40 local (13:40 UTC) - Place: Cresson, TX - Coordinates: 32.57909, -97.583561 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=32.5791&lon=-97.5836&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Takeoff](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/300) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Takeoff: Collision during takeoff/land](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/490) - Highest injury: Serious injuries - Injuries: 1 serious, 3 minor - Status: Completed - Report: Approved by Office Director - Investigation class: Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish - NTSB office: Central Region - Parties: Federal Aviation Administration - NTSB case key (mKey): 105319 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CEN22LA262 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/105319/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=105319 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN22LA262 ## Probable cause The pilot's failure to complete proper preflight performance planning and his operation of the airplane outside of the manufacturer's specified weight and balance limitations, which resulted in the airplane’s inability to maintain altitude and an impact with trees and terrain during an attempted forced landing. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Info processing/decision: decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna P210N, 11 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md?model=2073454), [All aircraft, 3,098 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md) - [Action: lack of action](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041030): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna P210N, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041030/cases.md?model=2073454), [All aircraft, 792 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041030/cases.md) - [Aircraft capability: maximum weight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01061035): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Capability exceeded (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna P210N, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01061035/cases.md?model=2073454), [All aircraft, 152 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01061035/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Takeoff: Collision during takeoff/land](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/490) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna P210N, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/490/sequence.md?model=2073454), [All aircraft, 1,309 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/490/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot reported that he was conducting a third maintenance test flight after a new engine had been installed with the airplane’s co-owner and two other passengers on board. The airplane was full of fuel and no preflight weight and balance calculations were completed. During the takeoff roll, the pilot rotated about 51 kts, which was 20 knots below normal rotation speed, and the airplane became airborne briefly before it settled back on the runway. The pilot then added nose up trim, rotated at 55 kts, and climbed slowly. The pilot continued to climb the airplane when the co-owner heard the stall warning horn. The pilot made a left turn to avoid terrain at the south end of the runway and then setup for a forced landing as the airplane was unable to maintain altitude. During the forced landing, the airplane impacted trees and terrain. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the fuselage and both wings. The pilot reported that the airplane was overweight and that there were no preaccident mechanical malfunctions or failures that would have precluded normal operation. A postaccident weight and balance calculation determined that the airplane was about 359 lbs over the maximum takeoff weight. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N7361K](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N7361K-2023-08-26), registration cancelled 2023-08-26, S/N P21000402, built 1979 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA P210N - Registry model: [Cessna P210N](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-p210n) (registry code 2073454) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental TSIO-520 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-tsio-520-series) (registry code 17040, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: P21000402 - Year built: 1979 - Airframe hours: 2733.56 - Engines: Continental Motors IO-550-P6B 310 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Tailwind Aviation LLC - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, January 18, 2021 - Destination: CPT, Cleburne, TX - Airport: 50F, Bourland Field Airport, runway 17, 4,049 × 60 ft, asphalt - Equipment: Electronic primary flight display, Handheld GPS, Stall warning system, ADS-B, Auto-pilot, Electronic multifunction display ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 67; injuries: serious; flight instructor, airline transport, commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, waiver time limited special; last flight review July 1, 2021; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 9,675 total, 2,678 in this make and model, 9,675 as pilot in command, 27 in the last 90 days, 15 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 180° at 6 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 88 °F, dew point 68 °F - Altimeter: 30.17 inHg - Observed at: KFWS, 14 nm away - METAR: KFWS 211347Z 18006KT 10SM CLR 31/20 A3017 ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20220621022149A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20220621022149A), Jun 21, 2022: Cessna P210N, Cresson, TX, Destroyed. Upon take off aircraft failed to climb and crashed in a field approximately .5NM east of Bourland Field (50F), fort worth, TX, resulting in the destruction of… ## Docket (5 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on July 22, 2022, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=105319. 8.3 MB in all. - Pilot/operator aircraft accident report, NTSB form 6120.1 (item 1, PDF, 11 pages, 5.0 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14140327&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=6120%20-%20pilot%20and%20owner_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Correspondence (item 2, PDF, 3 pages, 28 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14144613&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=ROCs-Rel.pdf - Weight and balance summary (item 3, PDF, 2 pages, 31 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14139968&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Accident%20Flight%20WB%20Summary-Rel.pdf - Photos (item 4, PDF, 6 pages, 6 photos, 3.1 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14139740&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Docket%20photos-Rel.pdf - Engine monitor tabular data (item 5, CSV, 151 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14140267&FileExtension=csv&FileName=Flt90_06-21-22f-Rel.csv From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.