# NTSB CEN22LA322: Aero Commander 112, N1181J, Granbury, TX, July 18, 2022 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report - Date: July 18, 2022, 11:00 local (16:00 UTC) - Place: Granbury, TX - Coordinates: 32.444417, -97.816944 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=32.4444&lon=-97.8169&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Enroute-climb to cruise: Loss of engine power (total)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed - Report: Approved by Office Director - Investigation class: Class 3 - NTSB office: Central Region - Parties: Federal Aviation Administration, North Texas FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 105513 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CEN22LA322 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/105513/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=105513 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN22LA322 ## Probable cause The loss of engine power due to metal contamination within the cylinder following poor maintenance. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Ignition system](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01057400): Aircraft › Aircraft power plant · Not specified (probable cause); cases with it: [Aero Commander 112, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01057400/cases.md?model=0144701), [All aircraft, 18 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01057400/cases.md) - [Maintenance](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02062000): Personnel issues › Task performance · Maintenance personnel (probable cause); cases with it: [Aero Commander 112, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02062000/cases.md?model=0144701), [All aircraft, 143 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02062000/cases.md) - [Record-keeping: aircraft/maintenance logs](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02062515): Personnel issues › Task performance · Maintenance personnel; cases with it: [Aero Commander 112, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02062515/cases.md?model=0144701), [All aircraft, 21 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02062515/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Prior to flight: Aircraft maintenance event](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/040); cases with it: [Aero Commander 112, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/040/sequence.md?model=0144701), [All aircraft, 484 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/040/sequence.md) - [Enroute-climb to cruise: Loss of engine power (total)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341) (defining event); cases with it: [Aero Commander 112, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341/sequence.md?model=0144701), [All aircraft, 3,820 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341/sequence.md) - [Enroute-climb to cruise: Aerodynamic stall/spin](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241); cases with it: [Aero Commander 112, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241/sequence.md?model=0144701), [All aircraft, 1,529 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241/sequence.md) - [Emergency descent: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Aero Commander 112, 5 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=0144701), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot stated that he performed a new engine run-up on the day of the accident. He stated that after he conducted a preflight inspection of the airplane, he taxied and performed multiple engine run-ups. He then shut down the engine and added fuel. The pilot started the engine and performed multiple engine run-ups both before and after taxiing to the runway with no engine anomalies noted. After takeoff, the engine sustained a loss of power while climbing through about 100 ft above ground level. The pilot performed a forced landing to a road, during which the airplane sustained substantial damage to the fuselage. Postaccident examination of the airplane revealed one of the airbox’s three aluminum spacers was missing. Pieces of the spacer were found in cylinder Nos. 1 and 2 with additional material within the No 1 spark plug lead. The cylinders exhibited pitting damage from the spacer. It is likely that the metallic pieces within the engine cylinder shorted the engine ignition, thus reducing and/or ceasing engine power production on those cylinders. An examination of the remaining engine and systems revealed no anomalies that would have precluded normal operations. The accident occurred on the first flight following an annual inspection and engine installation following a propeller strike inspection. Investigators were not able to determine how the spacer was introduced to the cylinder. ## Factual narrative On July 18, 2022, at 1100 central daylight time, an Aero Commander 112, N1181J, was substantially damaged with it was involved in an accident near Granbury, Texas. The pilot was uninjured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. The pilot, who was also the airplane owner, stated that he performed a new engine run-up on the day of the accident. He stated that after he preflighted the airplane, he taxied the airplane and performed multiple run-ups. He then shut down the airplane and allowed it to cool for about 15 minutes. He restarted the airplane and taxied to the airport fuel facility, where he added about 10 gallons of fuel per tank so that the total fuel aboard was about 28 gallons. After he started the airplane, he performed additional runups, and “no irregularities or abnormalities were indicated.” The pilot then taxied to the runway and performed additional runups while holding for takeoff and “no irregularities or abnormalities were indicated.” After takeoff, the engine sustained a loss of power while the airplane climbed through about 100 ft above ground level. The pilot extended the landing gear, pitched the nose down with the stall warning horn sounding, and performed a forced landing on a road. The airplane impacted a highway guard rail and the terrain, resulting in substantial damage to the fuselage. Postaccident examination of the airplane revealed that one of the airbox’s three metal spacers was missing. Pieces of the spacer were found in cylinder Nos. 1 and 2. These cylinders exhibited pitting damage from the spacer. The No. 1 cylinder spark plug gap contained spacer material within the gap. There were no other anomalies with the engine or airframe that would have precluded normal operations. The airframe logbook showed that an annual inspection and engine installation, following a propeller strike teardown inspection, was completed September 15, 2021, with a tachometer time of 3,593.9 hours and an airframe time of 3,563.9 hours. The accident occurred on the first flight following the annual inspection. The airframe logbook entry showed that the last annual inspection was dated July 12, 2022, with a tachometer time of 3,595.49 hours, and was performed by a different airframe and powerplant mechanic (later mechanic) than the one who performed the September 15, 2021, annual inspection. The later mechanic stated to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector that he did not have the airplane’s engine logbook when he performed his annual inspection. The later mechanic’s entry stated, “performed an annual inspection,” and there was no verbiage in the entry that stated that the annual inspection was limited to the airframe. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N1181J](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N1181J), registered now, S/N 181, built 1974 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: AERO COMMANDER 112 - Registry model: [Aero Commander 112](https://openairdocs.org/model/aero-commander-112) (registry code 0144701) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming I0360 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-i0360-series) (registry code 41515, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 181 - Year built: 1974 - Airframe hours: 3565.49 - Engines: Lycoming IO-360-C1D6 reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Pilot - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Utility - Last inspection: Annual, July 12, 2022 - Departed: GDJ, Granbury, TX - Destination: GDJ, Granbury, TX - Airport: GDJ, Granbury Regional Airport - Equipment: ADS-B, Auto-pilot, Electronic flight bag or handheld device, Stall warning system ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 68; injuries: none; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land, single-engine sea; medical: class 3, with waivers/limitations; last flight review March 8, 2021; seat: left; flight hours: 640 total, 35 in this make and model, 540 as pilot in command, 10 in the last 90 days, 6 in the last 30 days, 0 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 220° at 9 knots - Visibility: 7 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 95 °F, dew point 64 °F - Altimeter: 29.94 inHg - Observed at: GDJ, 0.25 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20220718020539A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20220718020539A), Jul 18, 2022: Aero Commander 112, Granbury, TX, Substantial damage. Departed Granbury airport for a test flight. Aircraft immediately experienced engine failure and attempted a landing on pearl street in Granbury. While landing… ## Docket (6 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on March 28, 2024, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=105513. 26.5 MB in all. - Pilot/operator aircraft accident report, NTSB form 6120.1 (item 1, PDF, 11 pages, 2.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15795938&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=6120%20Master_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Records of conversation (item 2, PDF, 2 pages, 99 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15816552&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Records%20of%20Conversation%20Master_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Record of conversation - FAA (item 3, PDF, 1 page, 66 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16721495&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Memo%20of%20Conversation%20-%20Gerald%20Dotson-Rel.pdf - Record of examination (item 4, PDF, 1 page, 64 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16722766&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Record%20of%20Examiniation-Rel.pdf - Airframe logbook excerpt (item 5, PDF, 4 pages, 23.3 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15795535&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Airframe%20Logbooks%20Master_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Photos (item 6, PDF, 4 pages, 855 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15795956&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Photos-Rel.pdf From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.