# NTSB CHI03LA288: Beech M35, N711DU, Avon, IL, August 25, 2003 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: August 25, 2003, 17:45 local (22:45 UTC) - Place: Avon, IL - Coordinates: 40.660976, -90.429634 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=40.6610&lon=-90.4296&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report March 2, 2004 - Report: Approved by Office Director - Parties: Federal Aviation Administration - NTSB case key (mKey): 57796 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CHI03LA288 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/57796/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI03LA288 ## Probable cause The pilot's inadequate fuel managemant leading to fuel starvation during cruise flight and the unsuitable terrain she encountered during the forced landing. A factor was her lack of total time in the airplane make and model. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanical, cruise - fluid,fuel - starvation (cause) - fuel management - inadequate, pilot in command (cause) - lack of total experience in type of aircraft, pilot in command (contributing factor) - Forced landing, emergency descent/landing - In flight collision with terrain/water, emergency landing - terrain condition - crop - unsuitable terrain or takeoff/landing/taxi area - encountered, pilot in command (cause) ## Analysis The airplane sustained substantial damage on impact with terrain during a forced landing to a cornfield following an in-flight loss of engine power. The pilot said that she departed with about three quarters of a tank of fuel. She reported, "Halfway [through] the flight I turned the fuel selector from the right tank to the left tank. The airplane started to lose power, so I put it back onto the right tank. The plane flew fine for more than 5 minutes and then started to loose power again, as well as altitude. I turned the fuel boost switch on and then off and this helped get about a hundred feet back. The airplane continued to lose altitude. The fuel gauge was indicating around 3/4 of a tank when I switched it." An examination revealed the fuel selector was on the right tank. The right fuel tank was examined and no fuel was observed. Fuel was observed in the remaining fuel tanks on the airplane. The aircraft's engine was started and ran from the fuel in another tank. The pilot reported two hours of total flight time in the accident airplane make and model. ## Factual narrative On August 25, 2003, about 1745 central daylight time, a Beech M35, N711DU, piloted by a commercial pilot, sustained substantial damage on impact with terrain during a forced landing following an in-flight loss of engine power near Avon, Illinois. The personal flight was operating under 14 CFR Part 91. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time or the accident. No flight plan was on file. The pilot reported no injuries. The flight originated at the Spirit of St Louis Airport (SUS), near St Louis, Missouri, about 1704 and was destined for the Galesburg Municipal Airport, Galesburg, Illinois, at the time of the accident. The pilot reported: Departed SUS [at] 17:04 with just over 3/4 of a tank. Halfway [through] the flight I turned the fuel selector from the right tank to the left tank. The airplane started to loose power, so I put it back onto the right tank. The plane flew fine for more than 5 minutes and then started to loose power again, as well as altitude. I turned on the fuel boost switch on and then off and this helped get about a hundred feet back. The airplane continued to loose altitude. The fuel gauge was indicating around 3/4 of a tank when I switched it. The terrain [was] a flat corn field. A Federal Aviation Administration Inspector examined the airplane. The fuel selector was observed on the right tank. The right fuel tank was examined and no fuel was observed. Fuel was observed in the remaining fuel tanks on the airplane. The fuel line to the fuel injection system was removed. The electric fuel pump was operated and no liquid exited the line. The fuel tank selector was moved to another fuel tank position, the electric fuel pump operated, and a liquid consistent with avgas exited the line to the fuel injection system. The aircraft recovery was delayed to the end of the harvest season. The aircraft's nose was raised. The aircraft's engine was started and it ran from the fuel in another tank. The emergency procedures contained in the M35 airplane flight manual stated: ENGINE FAILURE The most probable cause of engine failure would be loss of fuel flow or improper functioning of the ignition system. DISCREPANCY CHECKS ... 2. Loss of Power a. Fuel Pressure Gage - Check (fuel pressure abnormally low) (1) Mixture - FULL RICH (2) Auxiliary Fuel Pump - ON (3) Auxiliary Fuel Pump - Off if performance does not improve in a few moments b. Fuel Quantity Indicator - CHECK (fuel tank being used is empty) (1) Select other tank (check to feel detent) The system description for the M35 stated: FUEL REQUIRED FOR FLIGHT It is the pilot's responsibility to ascertain that the fuel quantity indicators are functioning and maintaining a reasonable degree of accuracy, and be certain of ample fuel for the flight. Takeoff is prohibited if the fuel quantity indicators do not indicate above the yellow arc. An inaccurate indicator could give an erroneous indication of fuel quantity. A minimum of 13 gallons of fuel is required in each main tank before takeoff. The caps should be removed and fuel quantity checked to give the pilot an indication of fuel on board. The airplane must be approximately level for visual inspection of the tank. If the pilot is unsure that at least 13 gallons are in each tank, add necessary fuel so that the amount of fuel will be not less than 13 gallons per tank at takeoff. Plan for an ample margin of fuel for any flight. The pilot reported two hours of total flight time in the M35 airplane. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N711DU](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N711DU-2013-04-02), registration cancelled 2013-04-02, S/N D-6538, built 1961 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Beech M35 - Registry model: [Beech M35](https://openairdocs.org/model/beech-m35) (registry code 1151526) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental I0-470 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-i0-470-series) (registry code 17027, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: D-6538 - Airframe hours: 4347.1 - Engines: Teledyne Continental IO-470C1B 260 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Jet Air Inc. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, August 1, 2003, 50 hours before - Departed: SUS, ST LOUIS, MO - Destination: GBG, GALESBURG, IL ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 28; injuries: none; flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; last flight review May 29, 2003; seat: left; flight hours: 2,265 total, 2 in this make and model, 2,201 as pilot in command, 209 in the last 90 days, 72 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 190° at 8 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 90 °F, dew point 68 °F - Altimeter: 29.96 inHg - Observed at: GBG, 18 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20030825025029A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20030825025029A), Aug 25, 2003: Beech M35, Avon, IL, Substantial damage. (-23) At about 1745 the appropriately rated pilot and sole occupant was returning from st. louis to galesburg. The PIC was about 2000 feet MSL and 20 miles… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.