# NTSB CHI04LA185: Varga 2150A, N8422J, Winterset, IA, July 17, 2004 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: July 17, 2004, 10:30 local (15:30 UTC) - Place: Winterset, IA - Coordinates: 41.362777, -94.02111 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=41.3628&lon=-94.0211&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Serious injuries - Injuries: 1 serious, 1 minor - Status: Completed, report July 7, 2005 - Report: Approved by Office Director - Parties: Federal Aviation Administration - NTSB case key (mKey): 59699 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CHI04LA185 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/59699/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI04LA185 ## Probable cause The inadequate supervision by the certified flight instructor, fuel starvation, visual/aural detection precluded by the certified flight instructor's seat position, and the inadequate crew coordination of both pilots during the instructional flight. A contributing factor was the low altitude at the time of engine power loss. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power(total) - mech failure/malf, go-around (vfr) - emergency procedure - simulated, pilot in command(cfi) - visual/aural detection, pilot in command(cfi) (cause) - fluid,fuel - starvation (cause) - supervision - inadequate, pilot in command(cfi) (cause) - crew/group coordination - inadequate (cause) - seat belt - removed, pilot in command(cfi) - Forced landing, descent - emergency - In flight collision with terrain/water, emergency landing - altitude - low (contributing factor) - terrain condition - ground ## Analysis The instructional airplane impacted terrain during a go-around from a simulated forced landing at an uncontrolled airport. The two-place airplane was configured with forward and aft pilot positions. The front position was occupied by the student pilot for the flight. The fuel selector was located in the front cockpit. The certified flight instructor (CFI) stated that he explained to the student pilot that they would just read and point out the emergency checklist items. The student pilot stated that the CFI handed him the emergency checklist to run through an "engine failure landing" during which the student pilot shut off the fuel from both tanks. The student stated that he was not looking outside the airplane while going through the checklist and was not quite through with it when they were almost over the runway. Just as they were touching down, it appeared to the student pilot that a wind gust prevented a "straight lined landing" and they drifted off the runway and over a grass area adjacent to the runway. The CFI applied full power and took back off in an attempt to avoid a bump in the grass area. The student pilot was uninjured and reported that he was using the airplane seat belt and shoulder harness at the time of the accident. The CFI received serious facial injuries after he removed his shoulder harness in flight in order to be able to look at the front cockpit controls following the loss of engine power. ## Factual narrative On July 17, 2004, at 1030 central daylight time, a Varga 2150A, N8422J, operated by Winterset Aviation Services Inc., as an instructional airplane, received substantial damage when it impacted a soybean field during a go-around from runway 32 at Winterset-Madison County Airport (3Y3), Winterset, Iowa. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The 14 CFR Part 91 instructional flight was not operating on a flight plan. The student pilot sustained minor injuries and the certified flight instructor (CFI) sustained serious injuries. The local flight originated from 3Y3 at 0830. The student pilot stated that he and the CFI were simulating a power failure landing with the CFI at the controls. They entered the downwind leg of the pattern about 1,900 feet mean sea level or about 800 feet above ground level with the throttle at idle. The CFI handed him the emergency checklist to run through an "engine failure landing" during which he shut off the fuel from both tanks. The student stated that he was not looking outside the airplane while going through the checklist and was not quite through with it when they were almost over the runway. Just as they were touching down, it appeared a wind gust prevented a "straight lined landing" and they drifted off the runway onto the grass. A bump was ahead on the grass area, and the CFI applied full power and took back off. The student pilot stated that he did not turn the fuel selector back on, and the engine quit. The CFI pumped the throttle and asked if the fuel was off. The student pilot stated that he did not have time to react to turn the fuel on. They were about 50 feet above ground level and impacted a soybean field north of the runway. The CFI stated that he explained to the student that they would go through the checklist and securing the engine, but they would just read those items and point to what they were doing. The CFI stated that they touched down a little hard and started to drift a bit to the right. The CFI added full power and they started climbing out normally. The engine then quit about 50 feet above ground level. The CFI stated that he immediately checked the master switch, alternator, fuel pump, magnetos, and pulled the carburetor heat. He stated that he was confused because they were still showing fuel pressure. He could not see the fuel valve from the back seat so he asked the student if the if the fuel was on to which the student responded by saying yes. The CFI asked if he was sure to which the student responded by saying yes. The CFI stated that they were out of options and were going to try to land on the field ahead of them; he stated that it was a bad spot. The CFI stated they had too much airspeed to turn left and land on a road and almost too little to make the field. The airplane hovered on the verge of a stall until it cleared the road. He then pushed the nose over a little in an attempt to build up some speed for the flare. I started to flare but ran out of altitude and the nose wheel hit the ground a little lower that the main wheels. The student pilot was seated in the front pilot seat. He reported a total flight time of 4.6 hours, all of which had been accumulated in the accident airplane. The student pilot reported that he was using the airplane seat belt and shoulder harness at the time of the accident. The CFI was seated in the rear pilot seat. He reported a total flight time of 4,942.5 hours, of which 60.3 hours were in the accident airplane make and model. The CFI reported that he was using the airplane seat belt but not the shoulder harness at the time of the accident. According to the Federal Aviation Administration inspector, the CFI removed his shoulder harness in order to be able to look at the front cockpit controls following the loss of engine power. The CFI received serious facial injuries. Inspection of the airplane revealed that the fuel selector was located in the forward cockpit. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N8422J](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N8422J-2007-04-02), registration cancelled 2007-04-02, S/N VAC-167-80, built 1980 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Varga 2150A - Registry model: [Varga 2150A](https://openairdocs.org/model/varga-2150a) (registry code 9350102) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-320-series) (registry code 41508, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: VAC-167-80 - Airframe hours: 1057.68 - Engines: Lycoming O-320-A2C 150 hp reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Registered owner: Winterset Aviation Services Inc. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Utility; Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, February 25, 2004, 65.8 hours before - Departed: 3Y3, Winterset, IA - Destination: 3Y3 - Airport: 3Y3, Winterset-Madison County, runway 32, 3,000 × 50 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Flight instructor; age 26; injuries: serious; flight instructor, airline transport; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; last flight review May 10, 2004; seat: rear; flight hours: 4,943 total, 60 in this make and model, 4,112 as pilot in command, 131 in the last 90 days, 60 in the last 30 days, 5 in the last 24 hours - Student pilot; age 39; injuries: minor; student; seat: front; flight hours: 5 total, 5 in this make and model, 5 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 3 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 75 °F, dew point 64 °F - Altimeter: 30.04 inHg - Observed at: DSM, 19 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20040717013479A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20040717013479A), Jul 17, 2004: Varga 2150AMORISY, Winterset, IA, Substantial damage. (-23) During an instructional flight, the student pilot was instructed to follow checklist procedures for a simulated engine failure on approach. While… ## Other investigations on N8422J (1) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB CHI90DEP11](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI90DEP11), Sep 22, 1990: Varga Kachina 2150A (N8422J), Neenah, WI, substantial damage. Probable cause: THE PILOT'S MISJUDGEMENT OF THE FUEL SUPPLY, AND HIS FAILURE TO REFUEL THE AIRCRAFT. CONTRIBUTING TO THE ACCIDENT WAS THE UNSUITABLE, SOFT TERRAIN ENCOUNTERED. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.