# NTSB CHI06CA042: Cessna 310Q, N8403F, Pierre, SD, December 7, 2005 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: December 7, 2005, 08:50 local (14:50 UTC) - Place: Pierre, SD - Coordinates: 44.382778, -100.286109 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=44.3828&lon=-100.2861&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report March 28, 2006 - Report: Approved by Office Director - Parties: FAA-Rapid City FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 63004 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CHI06CA042 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/63004/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI06CA042 ## Probable cause The pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane during the landing roll due to the icy runway. Factors were the compacted snow and ice along the edges of the runway and at the taxiway intersection, and the snow banks adjacent to the runway and taxiway. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of control - on ground/water, landing - roll - aircraft control - not maintained, pilot in command (cause) - terrain condition - icy (contributing factor) - terrain condition - snow covered (contributing factor) - On ground/water encounter with terrain/water, landing - roll - terrain condition - snowbank (contributing factor) - Nose gear collapsed, landing - roll ## Analysis The airplane was substantially damaged when it impacted a snow bank during landing rollout. The pilot stated that he landed on the centerline, however, as he "lowered the nose the aircraft turned abruptly to the left" and the airplane became "uncontrollable." He noted that one wheel went off the runway and the airplane subsequently impacted a snow bank at the intersection of the runway and taxiway. The airplane traveled an additional 25 feet further down the runway after the initial impact before coming to rest. The nose landing gear was separated from the airframe and was located at the point of initial impact. The center portion of the runway was dry, however, the outer edges were covered with compacted snow and ice. The taxiway intersection was also covered with compacted snow and ice. The dry portion of the runway did not exhibit any skid marks attributable to the accident airplane. A post accident inspection did not reveal any anomalies with the aircraft. ## Factual narrative On December 7, 2005, about 0850 central standard time, a Cessna 310Q, N8403F, operated by AirMax Airlines and piloted by a commercial pilot, was substantially damaged when it impacted a snow bank during landing rollout at Pierre Regional Airport (PIR), Pierre, South Dakota. The air taxi cargo flight was operating under 14 CFR Part 135 on an instrument flight rules (IFR) flight plan. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The pilot reported no injuries. The flight departed Joe Foss Field Airport (FSD), Sioux Falls, South Dakota, about 0800. The pilot stated that he flew the instrument landing system (ILS) approach to runway 31 at PIR. He noted that the landing was "perfect right on centerline." He reported that as he "lowered the nose the aircraft turned abruptly to the left" and became "uncontrollable." He noted that one wheel went off the runway and the airplane subsequently impacted a snow bank causing the nose landing gear to collapse. The airplane impacted a snow bank at the intersection of runway 31 and taxiway A3. It traveled an additional 25 feet down the runway after the initial impact before coming to rest. The nose landing gear was separated from the airframe and was located at the point of initial impact. The center portion of the runway was dry, however, the outer edges were covered with compacted snow and ice. The taxiway intersection was also covered with compacted snow and ice. The dry portion of the runway did not exhibit any skid marks attributable to the accident airplane. A post accident inspection did not reveal any anomalies with the aircraft. The tires did not exhibit any flat spots. The brake assemblies and brake lines were intact. The main landing gear rotated normally and no fluid leaks were observed near the airplane. The nose landing gear separated from the airframe at the snow bank ## Aircraft - Registration: [N8403F](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N8403F-2007-05-02), registration cancelled 2007-05-02, S/N 310Q0640, built 1973 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 310Q - Registry model: [Cessna 310Q](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-310q) (registry code 2074242) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental IO-470 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-io-470-series) (registry code 17044, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 310Q0640 - Engines: Continental IO-470-VO 260 horsepower reciprocating; Continental IO-470-VO 260 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Part 135 - Operator: Air Max Airlines - Registered owner: Pro Aire Inc - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Utility; Standard, Normal - Departed: FSD, Sioux Falls, SD - Destination: PIR, Pierre, SD - Flight plan: IFR - Airport: PIR, Pierre Regional, runway 31, 6,900 × 100 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 36; injuries: none; flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, without waivers/limitations; last flight review July 1, 2005; seat: left; flight hours: 2,500 total, 700 in this make and model, 2,300 as pilot in command, 180 in the last 90 days, 60 in the last 30 days, 0 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 340° at 8 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 5,000 ft overcast - Temperature: 57 °F, dew point 64 °F - Altimeter: 30.61 inHg - Observed at: PIR ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20051207032879A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20051207032879A), Dec 7, 2005: Cessna 310Q, Pierre, SD, Substantial damage. (-23) This accident occurred on dec 7, 2005 at about 0900 CST at Pierre regional airport. An airmas airlines, inc CE-310-Q, N8403F, piloted by [privacy data… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.