# NTSB CHI91LA238: Cessna 140, N76535, Cadillac, MI, August 1, 1991

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report
- Date: August 1, 1991, 15:00 local (19:00 UTC)
- Place: Cadillac, MI
- Coordinates: 44.24089, -85.409828 (estimated)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=44.2409&lon=-85.4098&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Highest injury: No injuries
- Injuries: 1 uninjured
- Status: Completed, report December 4, 1992
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB case key (mKey): 15135
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CHI91LA238
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/15135/pdf
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI91LA238

## Probable cause

IMPROPER COMPENSATION FOR WIND CONDITIONS RESULTING IN AIRCRAFT CONTROL NOT BEING MAINTAINED.  FACTORS RELATED TO THE ACCIDENT WERE A GUSTY CROSSWIND CONDITION AND LACK OF TOTAL EXPERIENCE  BY THE PILOT.

## Sequence of events

In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf).

- Loss of control - on ground/water, landing - roll
  - weather condition - crosswind (contributing factor)
  - weather condition - gusts (contributing factor)
  - compensation for wind conditions - improper, pilot in command (cause)
  - aircraft control - not maintained, pilot in command (cause)
  - lack of total experience, pilot in command (contributing factor)

## Analysis

THE STUDENT PILOT SAID THAT AFTER THREE GO AROUNDS, SHE ATTEMPTED A LANDING ON THE SOD STRIP.  THE AIRCRAFT ROLLED A SHORT DISTANCE THEN NOSED OVER.  THE LANDING WAS ATTEMPTED IN A 90 DEGREE CROSSWIND OF 13 KNOTS GUSTING TO 20 KNOTS.

## Aircraft

- Registration: [N76535](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N76535), registered now, S/N 10971, built 1946 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: CESSNA 140
- Registry model: [Cessna 140](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-140) (registry code 2071602) (OpenAirDocs)
- Registry engine: [Continental C85 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-c85-series) (registry code 17008, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 10971
- Airframe hours: 2036
- Engines: CONTINENTAL C-85 85 horsepower reciprocating
- Damage: Substantial damage
- Flight: Instructional, Part 91
- Operator: Bruce J. Barlond
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal
- Last inspection: Unknown, March 1, 1991
- Departed: 5D8, MARSHALL, MI
- Flight plan: VFR
- Airport: CAD, Cadillac, runway 18, 2,005 × 150 ft, grass/turf

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 20; student; medical: class 3, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 26 total, 26 in this make and model, 6 as pilot in command, 26 in the last 90 days, 26 in the last 30 days, 2 in the last 24 hours

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day
- Wind: 270° at 13 knots, gusting 20
- Visibility: 10 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: none
- Observed at: CAD, 1 nm away

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 19910801035889A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19910801035889A), Aug 1, 1991: Cessna 140, Cadillac, MI, Substantial damage. Tried to land in gusty crosswind on first solo cross country. Lost it and nosed over.

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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