# NTSB CHI93LA362: Piper PA-23-160, N4470P, Hobart, IN, September 16, 1993 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: September 16, 1993, 11:25 local (16:25 UTC) - Place: Hobart, IN - Coordinates: 41.529899, -87.259529 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=41.5299&lon=-87.2595&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report July 25, 1994 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 9314 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CHI93LA362 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/9314/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI93LA362 ## Probable cause THE CERTIFICATED FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR'S INADEQUATE SUPERVISION OF THE FLIGHT DURING A SIMULATED SINGLE ENGINE APPROACH AND LANDING. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Gear not extended, landing - flare/touchdown - emergency procedure - simulated, pilot in command(cfi) - gear extension - delayed, dual student (contributing factor) - supervision - inadequate, pilot in command(cfi) (cause) ## Analysis THE CFI AND COMMERCIAL MULTIENGINE STUDENT WERE PRACTICING TRAFFIC PATTERN WORK AND SINGLE ENGINE PROCEDURES IN PREPARATION FOR A CHECKRIDE. THE CFI SIMULATED A RIGHT ENGINE FAILURE AND INSTRUCTED THE STUDENT TO PROCEED WITH A SINGLE ENGINE LANDING. THE AIRPLANE TOUCHED DOWN WITH THE LANDING GEAR UP. THE CFI STATED THEY HAD EXTENDED THE GEAR AND NOTED THREE GREEN (GEAR DOWN AND LOCKED) LIGHTS BEFORE TOUCHDOWN. POSTACCIDENT INVESTIGATION REVEALED THE LANDING GEAR SELECTOR WAS IN THE GEAR DOWN POSITION. THE LANDING GEAR WAS UP AND GEAR DOORS WERE CLOSED. THE LANDING GEAR WAS PUMPED DOWN MANUALLY. IT EXTENDED AND LOCKED NORMALLY, WITH CORRESPONDING GREEN LIGHT INDICATIONS. THERE WAS NO EVIDENCE OF PREIMPACT MALFUNCTION. ## Factual narrative On September 16, 1993, at 1125 hours eastern standard time, a Piper PA23, N4470P, piloted by a certificated flight instructor (CFI) and multiengine student, sustained substantial damage when it touched down on the runway at Hobart, Indiana with the landing gear up. The two occupants reported no injuries. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the local flight, no flight plan was filed. The flight operated under 14 CFR Part 91, and originated from Hobart, Indiana, approximately 1120 hours. The CFI reported he and the multiengine commercial certificated student departed with the intention of practicing pattern work and single engine procedures. The airplane was on a left downwind leg for Runway 18 when the CFI simulated a right engine failure. He instructed the student to proceed with a single engine landing. The CFI stated "...Upon crossing the threshold for the flare we just seemed to drop and the next thing...we were scraping the ground... ." The CFI stated they had placed the landing gear handle in the gear down position, and observed three green lights, indicating the gear was down and locked. Postaccident investigation revealed the landing gear selector was in the gear down position. The landing gear was up, and the gear doors were closed. The airplane was lifted, placed on jacks, and the landing gear was pumped down manually. The FAA Inspector reported the gear extended and locked normally, with corresponding green light indications. There was no indication of preimpact malfunction. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N4470P](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N4470P-2022-07-02), registration cancelled 2022-07-02, S/N 23-1976, built 1961 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: PIPER PA-23-160 - Registry model: [Piper PA-23-160](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-23-160) (registry code 7102304) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-320-series) (registry code 41508, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 23-1976 - Airframe hours: 1800 - Engines: LYCOMING O-320-B3B 160 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Registered owner: Niemeyer Aviation - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: 100 hour, April 30, 1993, 60 hours before - Airport: 3HO, Hobart Skyranch, runway 18, 3,100 × 50 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 23; commercial, flight instructor; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: right; flight hours: 1,400 total, 200 in this make and model, 1,350 as pilot in command, 100 in the last 90 days, 40 in the last 30 days, 5 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 330° at 4 knots - Visibility: 7 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 3,000 ft overcast - Temperature: 61 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: GYY, 8 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19930916034999A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19930916034999A), Sep 16, 1993: Piper PA23160, Hobart, IN, Substantial damage. During simulated single engine procedure. Landed gear up. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.