# NTSB CHI94LA011: Cessna 172, N738LX, Independence, MO, October 10, 1993 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: October 10, 1993, 09:16 local (14:16 UTC) - Place: Independence, MO - Location: 39.0911° N, 94.4155° W: Placed by OpenAirDocs: center of Independence, MO, within about 6 miles (OpenAirDocs) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=39.0911&lon=-94.4155&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 4 uninjured - Status: Completed, report September 7, 1994 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 9410 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CHI94LA011 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/9410/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI94LA011 ## Probable cause THE PILOT'S MISJUDGMENT OF DISTANCE, ALTITUDE, AND SPEED ON FINAL APPROACH TO LAND, AND FAILURE TO MAINTAIN OBSTACLE CLEARANCE FROM THE VEHICLE. THE PROXIMITY OF THE VEHICLE TO THE APPROACH PATH WAS A RELATED FACTOR. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Undershoot, approach - vfr pattern - final approach - distance - misjudged, pilot in command (cause) - altitude - misjudged, pilot in command (cause) - airspeed - misjudged, pilot in command (cause) - In flight collision with object, approach - vfr pattern - final approach - object - vehicle (contributing factor) - clearance - not maintained, pilot in command (cause) ## Analysis AS THE AIRPLANE WAS ON FINAL APPROACH TO LAND ON RUNWAY 35, ITS LANDING GEAR STRUCK THE HOOD AND WINDSHIELD OF AN AUTOMOBILE. THE AUTOMOBILE WAS WESTBOUND ON A ROAD LOCATED ALONG THE SOUTH BOUNDARY OF THE AIRPORT. THE PILOT REPORTED THAT THE STALL WARNING SOUNDED DURING SHORT FINAL. HE STATED HE DROPPED THE NOSE AND BELIEVED HE COULD REACH THE RUNWAY, WHEN SUDDENLY HE FELT AN IMPACT. THE PASSENGER IN THE CAR REPORTED SHE SAW THE AIRPLANE COMING IN '. . . VERY SLOW, VERY LOW AND FLUTTERING FROM SIDE TO SIDE . . .' AND SHE THOUGHT IT WOULD PASS OVERHEAD. THE PILOT STATED HE DID NOT SEE THE CAR BEFORE IMPACT. ## Factual narrative On October 10, 1993, at 0916 hours central daylight time, a Cessna 172, N738LX, piloted by a private pilot on a pleasure flight, struck a car while landing on Runway 35 at Independence, Missouri. The airplane was damaged beyond economical repair, and the car was substantially damaged. The pilot, three airplane passengers, and two automobile occupants reported no injuries. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the local flight, no flight plan was filed. The flight operated under 14 CFR Part 91, and originated from Lee's Summit, Missouri, approximately 0900 hours. The pilot stated "...it was a normal base and final...As I approached the threshold I felt I was a bit high...When full flaps were applied the stall warning sounded, so I dropped the nose, and felt I could make the runway, when suddenly I felt the impact... ." The right main landing gear contacted the windshield and hood of an automobile. The pilot stated he never saw the car, which was westbound on a road located along the south airport boundary. The passenger in the car reported she noticed the airplane when it was over the fence row about 25 feet from the road. She stated "...It was coming in very slow and very low and fluttering from side to side...I thought it would go over us. We weren't going very fast and had our seatbelts fastened, so we didn't feel much of an impact. It did knock the car sideways, ripping off the hood and shattering the front window." The pilot's statement, airplane passenger statements, automobile occupant statements, and a ground witness statement are appended. An airport diagram is also appended. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N738LX](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N738LX-2013-06-05), registration cancelled 2013-06-05, S/N 17270072, built 1977 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 172 - Registry model: [Cessna 172N](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172n) (registry code 2072434) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-320-series) (registry code 41508, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 17270072 - Airframe hours: 3306 - Engines: LYCOMING O-320-H2AD 160 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Dejarnette, Ronald W. & Janice - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal; Special, Provisional (Special) - Last inspection: Annual, September 7, 1993, 19 hours before - Departed: K84, LEE'S SUMMIT, MO - Destination: 3IP - Airport: 3IP, Independence Memorial, runway 35, 2,560 × 30 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 43; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 164 total, 60 in this make and model, 102 as pilot in command, 16 in the last 90 days, 2 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 350° at 5 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 39 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: MKC, 28 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19931010038579A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19931010038579A), Oct 10, 1993: Cessna 172N, Independence, MO, Substantial damage. Too low and slow on final. Dropped nose to gain airspeed. Struck a vehicle on road along south boundry of runway. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.