# NTSB CHI95LA122: Cessna 188, N9849V, Meade, KS, April 8, 1995 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: April 8, 1995, 11:05 local (16:05 UTC) - Place: Meade, KS - Coordinates: 37.430244, -100.979904 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=37.4302&lon=-100.9799&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Uncontrolled descent](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/650) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Minor injuries - Injuries: 1 minor - Status: Completed, report September 24, 1995 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 9867 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CHI95LA122 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/9867/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI95LA122 ## Probable cause the pilot taking off the airplane at a low liftoff speed (Vlo). A factor associated with the accident was a stall/mush encountered by the pilot. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - In flight collision with terrain/water, descent - uncontrolled - terrain condition - open field - airspeed(vlo) - low, pilot in command (cause) - stall/mush - encountered, pilot in command (contributing factor) ## Analysis THE PILOT OF AN AERIAL APPLICATION AIRPLANE SAID HE ROTATED THE AIRPLANE AT 60 TO 65 MPH. HE SAID THE AIRPLANE ACCELERATED TO 85 MPH IN THE CLIMB. HE RETRACTED ONE NOTCH OF FLAPS AND NOTICED THE AIRPLANE STOPPED CLIMBING. HE SAID THE AIRPLANE BEGAN DESCENDING AT A FAST RATE. DURING THE DESCENT HE SAID THE AIRSPEED HAD DECELERATED TO 60 MPH WHILE THE THROTTLE AND PROPELLER CONTROLS WERE FULL IN. THE PILOT REPORTED THE HIGH DESCENT RATE CONTINUED UNTIL THE AIRPLANE COLLIDED WITH THE GROUND. THE ON-SCENE INVESTIGATION REVEALED NO PRE-IMPACT MECHANICAL ANOMALIES WITH THE ENGINE OR AIRFRAME. THE PILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK SHOWED THE LIFTOFF SPEED TO BE 65 MPH. ## Factual narrative On April 8, 1995, at 1105 central daylight time (cdt), a Cessna 188, N9849V, registered to Satanta Flying Service Incorporated of Satanta, Kansas, and piloted by a commercially certificated pilot, was substantially damaged during a collision with the ground shortly after takeoff. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The 14 CFR Part 137 flight was not operating on a flight plan. The pilot reported he received minor injuries. The flight departed Meade, Kansas, at 1102 cdt. The pilot stated he took off at a gross weight of 3,300 pounds with two notches of flaps. He said, "I commenced the takeoff roll and rotated at 60 to 65 mph." The airplane, according to the pilot, had climbed to about 200 feet above the ground. At this point he said he was climbing at 85 mph and retracted one notch of flaps. After retracting the flaps the pilot said he noticed the airplane wasn't climbing. He said he turned the airplane into the wind and felt the airplane descending at a fast rate. He said the throttle, mixture and propeller controls were "...full in." The airspeed had decelerated to 60 mph according to the pilot. He said, "[I] lowered the nose slightly so as to increase my airspeed." He said the wasn't certain if the insecticide load had dumped or not, but the airplane kept on descending. He said he slipped the airplane when it was at the stall speed because a house and people were in front of him. The high rate of descent was maintained until the airplane collided with the ground. A witness said the pilot loaded the airplane's hopper with 125 gallons of insecticide. He said the pilot also loaded the airplane with full fuel. According to the witness, the airplane took off, reached an altitude of 200 to 300 feet, and turned west instead of northeast as planned. He said the engine sounded normal throughout the event and that there were no power changes. After turning to the west, the airplane began a descent and collided with the ground shortly after dumping the insecticide load. The on-scene investigation revealed no anomalies with the engine or propeller governor and controls. The original propeller was destroyed during the ground collision. According to the FAA Principal Maintenance Inspector (PMI), the airplane's pilot operating handbook (POH) says that takeoff is initiated with two notches of flaps. The POH states that liftoff should be at 65 mph. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N9849V](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N9849V-2018-02-28), registration cancelled 2018-02-28, S/N 188-0099, built 1966 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 188 - Registry model: [Cessna 188](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-188) (registry code 2073002) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental O-470 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-o-470-series) (registry code 17026, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Airframe hours: 5062 - Engines: CONTINENTAL O-470 230 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Aerial application, Part 137 - Registered owner: Satanta Flying Service, Inc. - Airworthiness certificate: Special, Restricted (Special) - Last inspection: Annual, November 2, 1994, 77 hours before ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 36; commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 2, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: center; flight hours: 893 total, 59 in this make and model, 811 as pilot in command, 125 in the last 90 days, 72 in the last 30 days, 8 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 220° at 5 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 63 °F, dew point 48 °F - Altimeter: 29.00 inHg - Observed at: DDC, 34 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19950408020459A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19950408020459A), Apr 8, 1995: Cessna 188CESSNA, Meade, KS, Substantial damage. Settled on climbout. Dumped load but unable to check high sink rate. Had full fuel and load. ## Other investigations on N9849V (1) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB CEN14LA432](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN14LA432), Aug 13, 2014: Cessna 188 - Undesignat (N9849V), Columbus, NM, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to release the load of agricultural product before the landing approach and his failure to maintain aircraft control during an initial climb after an aborted landing, which… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.