# NTSB CHI96LA070: Cessna 310R, N68300, Minocqua, WI, December 29, 1995 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: December 29, 1995, 17:31 local (23:31 UTC) - Place: Minocqua, WI - Coordinates: 45.85963, -89.69065 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=45.8596&lon=-89.6907&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 5 uninjured - Status: Completed, report August 20, 1996 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 10181 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CHI96LA070 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/10181/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA070 ## Probable cause the pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed during the landing. The weather and ice accumulation on the airplane were factors. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Hard landing, landing - flare/touchdown - weather condition - icing conditions (contributing factor) - wing - ice (contributing factor) - airspeed - inadequate, pilot in command (cause) - stall/mush - inadvertent, pilot in command ## Analysis THE PILOT REPORTED THAT WHILE DESCENDING AND BEING VECTORED ON THE LOCALIZER APPROACH, THE AIRPLANE ACCUMULATED MIXED BUT MOSTLY CLEAR ICE. HE EXECUTED A MISSED APPROACH, SUBJECTING THE AIRPLANE TO 'EXTENDED EXPOSURE TO ICE CONDITIONS.' ON HIS NEXT APPROACH, THE PILOT STATED THAT HE EXPERIENCED 'DETERIORATION OF PERFORMANCE RESULTING IN A NEAR GROUND STALL AND HARD LANDING.' ## Factual narrative On December 29, 1995, at 1731 central standard time (cst), a Cessna 310R, N68300, operated by a private pilot, sustained substantial damage during a hard landing. Instrument meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The flight was being conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. An instrument flight plan was on file. The pilot reported no injuries to himself or the three passengers on board. The flight originated at Madison, Wisconsin, at 1600 cst. In his written statement, the pilot reported that "while descending, being vectored and on the localizer approach for runway 36" at Noble Lee/Lakeland Airport, Minocqua, Wisconsin, "mixed, but mostly clear ice accumulated on the airplane." The pilot executed a missed approach which subjected the airplane to "extended exposure to ice conditions." On his next approach, the pilot stated that he experienced "deterioration of performance resulting in a near ground stall and hard landing." The pilot received a weather briefing from the Flight Service Station at Green Bay, Wisconsin, at 1530 cst. No reports of icing or forecast icing conditions for his route of flight were contained in that briefing. A Federal Aviation Administration inspector examined the airplane at Noble Lee/Lakeland Airport on January 2, 1996. He found the front carry-through spar on the right wing bent slightly rearward. There was damage to the right propeller and skin wrinkles to the right side of the fuselage just aft of the passenger window, and to the underside of the right wing from the wing root to the right engine locker. Examination of the engines, engine controls, flight controls and other airplane systems showed no anomalies. ## Aircraft - Registration: N68300 (not matched to a registry record) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 310R - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 2108 - Airframe hours: 5160 - Engines: CONTINENTAL IO-520-MB 265 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Start Renting, Inc. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, November 30, 1995, 20 hours before - Departed: MSN, MADISON, WI - Destination: ARV - Flight plan: IFR - Airport: ARV, Noble Lee/Lakeland, runway 36, 5,150 × 75 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 41; private; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; medical: class 3, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 980 total, 540 in this make and model, 890 as pilot in command, 20 in the last 90 days, 4 in the last 30 days, 2 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Instrument (IMC), Night/dark - Wind: 220° at 10 knots - Visibility: 3 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 600 ft overcast - Temperature: 10 °F, dew point 3 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: ARV, 1 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19951229043579A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19951229043579A), Dec 29, 1995: Cessna 310R, Minocqua/Woodru, WI, Substantial damage. Icing during descent for LOC approach. Missed. Getting more ice. Stalled on flare. Hard landing. (-23) the pilot reported that during approach into lakeland… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.