# NTSB CHI96LA087: Piper PA-28-161, N145ND, Warren, MN, February 13, 1996 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: February 13, 1996, 14:10 local (20:10 UTC) - Place: Warren, MN - Coordinates: 48.189289, -96.76065 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=48.1893&lon=-96.7606&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 3 uninjured - Status: Completed, report May 9, 1996 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 10195 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CHI96LA087 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/10195/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI96LA087 ## Probable cause the dual student's failure to maintain a proper glidepath and inadequate supervision by the instructor. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Undershoot, approach - vfr pattern - final approach - proper glidepath - not maintained, dual student (cause) - supervision - inadequate, pilot in command(cfi) (cause) - In flight collision with terrain/water, approach - vfr pattern - final approach - terrain condition - snowbank (contributing factor) ## Analysis The instructor said the student was having difficulty understanding how to use the rudder when making crosswind landings. The aircraft hit a snow bank approximately 40 yards short of runway 30, coming to rest approximately 20 yards from the end of the runway. The instructor said the focus on proper rudder usage probably diverted her attention. ## Factual narrative On February 13, 1996, at 1410 central standard time a Piper PA- 28-161, piloted by a certified flight instructor, was substantially damaged when it landed short of runway 30 (3205'x 75' asphalt) at the Warren Airport, Warren, Minnesota. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The personal 14 CFR Part 91 flight was not operating on a flight plan. The certified flight instructor and two student pilots reported no injuries. The flight departed from Grand Forks, North Dakota, at 1300 cst. The instructor was contacted by the investigator in charge by telephone on February 21, 1996. The instructor said the student was having difficulty understanding how to use the rudder when making crosswind landings. The instructor said the focus on proper rudder usage probably diverted the students and her attention. The aircraft hit a snowbank approximately 40 yards short of the runway, coming to rest approximately 20 yards from the end of the runway. The pilot wrote on the NTSB Form 6120.1/2 that there were no mechanical malfunctions with the aircraft. The propeller, cowling, firewall, engine mount and right wing skin were bent. The nose gear and right main landing gear separated from the airframe. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N145ND](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N145ND-2007-12-26), registration cancelled 2007-12-26, S/N 2841226, built 1989 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: PIPER PA-28-161 - Registry model: [Piper PA-28-161](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-28-161) (registry code 7102803) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-320-series) (registry code 41508, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 2841226 - Airframe hours: 4666 - Engines: LYCOMING O-320-D3G 160 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Registered owner: The University Of North Dakota - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Continuous airworthiness, February 7, 1996, 23 hours before - Departed: GFK, GRAND FORKS, ND - Airport: D37, Warren, runway 30, 3,205 × 75 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 22; commercial, flight instructor; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: right; flight hours: 485 total, 390 in this make and model, 324 as pilot in command, 78 in the last 90 days, 60 in the last 30 days, 2 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 320° at 14 knots - Visibility: 15 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 36 °F, dew point 25 °F - Altimeter: 29.00 inHg - Observed at: GFK, 30 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19960213001669A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19960213001669A), Feb 13, 1996: Piper PA28161, Warren, MN, Substantial damage. Narrative: flight instructor, nicole m. anderson, did not react to the student pilot, dennis r. tomaszewski, being too low to accomplish the touch and go.… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.