# NTSB CHI97LA250: Cessna 172M, N13353, Keokuk, IA, August 6, 1997 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: August 6, 1997, 17:25 local (22:25 UTC) - Place: Keokuk, IA - Coordinates: 40.400699, -91.399124 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=40.4007&lon=-91.3991&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report December 15, 1997 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 10664 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CHI97LA250 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/10664/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI97LA250 ## Probable cause the pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in a porpoise, failure (collapse) of the nose gear, and a subsequent nose over. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Hard landing, landing - flare/touchdown - flare - improper, pilot in command (cause) - recovery from bounced landing - improper, pilot in command (cause) - porpoise/pilot-induced oscillation - inadvertent, pilot in command (cause) - Nose gear collapsed, landing - flare/touchdown - landing gear,nose gear - overload - Nose over, landing ## Analysis The pilot reported that on final approach to the runway, the airplane was high on the glide slope, so he increased the flap setting to 40 degrees. He stated that he flew past the numbers and fixed distance marker, then initiated a flare. Also, the pilot reported, 'Flared high, banged hard on the two main wheels. Bounced up and came down again. Bounced about 5 more times.' On the fifth bounce the nose gear broke off. The pilot reported that the airplane veered off the prepared runway surface, crossed a taxiway, into a grass section between the taxiway and runway 8. After reaching the grass section, the airplane nosed over and came to rest inverted. ## Factual narrative On August 6, 1997 at 1725 central daylight time (cdt), a Cessna 172M, N13353, sustained substantial damage after nosing over, during a landing roll at the Keokuk Municipal Airport, Keokuk, Iowa. The student pilot reported no injuries. The 14 Part 91 flight was operating in visual meteorological conditions. No flight plan was on file. The flight departed Ottumwa, Iowa at 1639 cdt, for a student solo cross country flight. In a written statement, the pilot reported that on final approach to Runway 03 at the Keokuk Municipal Airport he was high on the glide slope so he increased the flap setting to 40 degrees. The pilot stated that he flew past the numbers and fixed distance marker, then initiated a flare. The pilot reported, "Flared high, banged hard on the two main wheels. Bounced up and came down again. Bounced about 5 more times." On the fifth bounce the nose gear broke off. The pilot reported that the airplane veered off the prepared runway surface, crossed a taxiway, into a grass section between the taxiway and Runway 08. Upon reaching the grass section, the airplane nosed over and came to rest inverted. The pilot exited the aircraft, uninjured, and waited for assistance. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N13353](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N13353), registered now, S/N 17262692, built 1973 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 172M - Registry model: [Cessna 172M](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172m) (registry code 2072418) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-320-series) (registry code 41508, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 17262692 - Airframe hours: 5371 - Engines: Lycoming O-320-E2D 150 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Registered owner: Ottumwa Flying Services Inc - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, June 17, 1997, 36 hours before - Departed: OTM, OTTUMWA, IA - Destination: EOK - Airport: EOK, Keokuk Municipal, runway 3, 3,801 × 100 ft, concrete ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 42; student; medical: class 3, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: left; flight hours: 31 total, 31 in this make and model, 5 as pilot in command, 22 in the last 90 days, 2 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 50° at 3 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 73 °F, dew point 52 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: EOK, 1 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19970806021229A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19970806021229A), Aug 6, 1997: Cessna 172M, Keokuk, IA, Substantial damage. Aircraft bounced on landing, nose gear collapsed, aircraft veered off the runway, flipped over. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.