# NTSB CHI98LA072: Piper PA-30/A, N9WG, Hastings, NE, December 24, 1997 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: December 23, 1997, 23:00 local (Dec 24, 1997, 05:00 UTC) - Place: Hastings, NE - Coordinates: 40.580936, -98.389862 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=40.5809&lon=-98.3899&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 1 fatal, 1 minor, 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report October 15, 1999 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 10813 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CHI98LA072 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/10813/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA072 ## Probable cause The pilot's improper IFR procedure, by which he failed to maintain minimum descent altitude. Fog, a low ceiling, and night condition were a contributing factor. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - In flight collision with terrain/water, approach - weather condition - low ceiling - flight into known adverse weather - performed, pilot in command (cause) - weather condition - fog - minimum descent altitude - not maintained, pilot in command (cause) - fatigue, pilot in command (contributing factor) ## Analysis The flight had originally departed from Nampa, Idaho, at 0830 mountain standard time (mst) with Mountain Home, Idaho, as a stopover airport, and Hastings, Nebraska, as the intended final destination airport. The pilot departed Cheyenne, Wyoming, about 1940 mst. At 2224 central standard time (cst), the pilot was briefed that the weather at Hastings indicated winds at 080 degrees at 4 knots, one quarter mile visibility, freezing fog, a few clouds at 100 feet, 4,200 foot overcast, temperature minus 2 degrees C, dew point minus 2 degrees C, and altimeter 29.87. At 2227, the pilot reported, 'Whiskey golf, we're gonna shoot an approach into Hastings, ah, if it's no good we'll, ah, do a missed and go somewhere else.' At 2250, the pilot reported, 'ah, Missed approach. I (want to) try it again.' The pilot received clearance to fly a second approach. At 2300 cst, the aircraft impacted an irrigation tower and wheel assembly that was located about 1/2 mile west of the airport. Both propellers indicated blade twist and chordwise scratching. The right seat passenger reported that the pilot had not indicated there was anything wrong with the airplane during the flight, she remembered that the pilot flew the second approach down to 2,300 feet or 2,350 feet on the altimeter and started to pull up on the airplane's yoke. The field elevation was 1,961 feet. The MDA was 2,360 feet. The altimeter was set at 29.84. During the flight, there had been no indications of altimeter error when the pilot was in contact with ATC. ## Factual narrative History of Flight On December 23, 1997 at 2300 central standard time (cst), a Piper PA-30/A, N9WG, sustained substantial damage when it impacted the terrain about 1/2 mile from the Hastings Airport, Hastings, Nebraska. The private pilot with an instrument rating had executed a missed approach and was making a second approach when it impacted the terrain. The pilot received fatal injuries. One passenger received minor injuries and one passenger received no injuries. The 14 CFR Part 91 flight had departed the Cheyenne Airport, Cheyenne, Wyoming, en route to Hastings, Nebraska. Instrument meteorological conditions prevailed and an instrument flight plan had been filed. The right seat passenger reported the pilot had departed Nampa, Idaho, at about 0830 mountain standard time (mst) on December 23, 1998, with Mountain Home, Idaho, as a stopover airport, and Hastings, Nebraska, as the intended final destination airport. The direct distance between Nampa, Idaho, and Hastings, Nebraska was about 584 nautical miles. The pilot departed Nampa, Idaho, at about 0830 mst and flew approximately 35 nautical miles to Mountain Home, Idaho, where the airplane received maintenance to the aircraft's cabin heater system. Due to maintenance complications, the flight did not depart Mountain Home until about 1500 mst. The right seat passenger reported that as the airplane neared Cheyenne, Wyoming, the pilot became concerned about weather conditions at Hastings, Nebraska. As a precaution, the pilot landed at Cheyenne, Wyoming, at about 1830 mst to fuel the airplane and check weather. The pilot called the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) Denver Automated Flight Service Station (AFSS). He received a weather brief and filed an IFR flight plan to Hastings, Nebraska. At 1905 mst, the pilot was briefed that the current automated weather at Hastings indicated winds at 120 degrees at 4 knots, one quarter mile visibility, freezing fog, 200 foot ceiling, 3,600 foot overcast, and temperature at minus 2 degrees Celsius (C), and the dew point at minus 2 degrees C. At 1907 mst, 1907 mst, the pilot was briefed that the current forecast up until the 2200 cst forecast called for winds at 150 degrees, 400 foot overcast, visibility occasionally 2 miles. The 2200 cst forecast weather at Hastings called for winds at 120 degrees at 6 knots, ceiling one thousand overcast, occasional visibility four miles in mist with 500 foot overcast. At 1908 mst, the pilot was briefed that the current weather at North Platte, Nebraska, indicated calm winds, visibility 10 miles, 7,500 foot broken ceiling, 9,000 overcast, temperature minus one degree C, and dewpoint minus 7 degrees C. The briefer reported the forecast weather was basically the same as the current weather. At 1909 mst, the pilot filed a IFR flight plan to Hastings, Nebraska. He indicated that North Platte, Nebraska, would be used as an alternate airport. The pilot reported that he had 4. 75 hours of fuel on board, with an en route time of two hours and an airspeed of 170 knots. The pilot departed Cheyenne, Wyoming, about 1940 mst. At 2224 cst, the pilot contacted Minneapolis Center and requested the weather at Grand Island, Nebraska, which was 20 miles north of Hastings, Nebraska. The controller reported the surface observation taken at 2156 cst indicated winds at 130 at 5 knots, visibility less that one quarter mile, freezing fog, 100 foot indefinite ceiling, temperature minus 2 degrees C, dew point minus 2 degrees C, and altimeter 29.88. The controller briefed the pilot that the 2201 special surface observation at Hastings indicated winds at 080 degrees at 4 knots, one quarter mile visibility, freezing fog, a few clouds at 100 feet, 4,200 foot overcast, temperature minus 2 degrees C, dew point minus 2 degrees C, and altimeter 29.87. At 2227, the pilot reported to Minneapolis Center, "Whiskey golf, we're gonna shoot an approach into Hastings, ah, if it's no good we'll, ah, do a missed and go somewhere else." At 2227, the pilot requested and received clearance to fly the Hastings VOR 14 approach. At 2237, the pilot reported to Minneapolis Center, "Currently four miles out, ah....(I'll) fly over the VOR and then do the published approach." At 2244, the pilot requested a current altimeter setting for Hastings. Minneapolis Center reported the altimeter was 29.87. At 2250, the pilot reported to Minneapolis Center, "ah, Missed approach. I (wanna) try it again." At 2250, Minneapolis Center cleared N9WG for the VOR 14 approach. At 2250, the pilot acknowledged that he was cleared for the approach. There were no further radio transmissions from N9WG. At about 2300 cst, the aircraft impacted an irrigation tower and wheel assembly that was located about 1/2 mile west of the airport. The airplane went under the irrigation pipe on top of the tower and impacted the ground. The airplane came to rest inverted about 493 feet south of the irrigation tower. The right seat passenger was able to get out of the airplane and obtain assistance. Hastings Fire Department personnel reported that heavy ground fog existed during their search effort. The pilot received serious injuries and was transported to a hospital where he was later pronounced dead at 0527 cst on December 24, 1997. Personnel Information The pilot was a private pilot with single and multi-engine land ratings, and an instrument rating. He held a third class medical certificate. He had a total of about 1,153 hours of flight time. 821 hours were in multi-engine aircraft with about 93 hours in make and model. He had a total of about 215 hours of night flying. Aircraft Information The airplane was a twin engine Piper PA-30/A, serial number 30-1099. The airplane seated six and had a gross weight of 3,600 pounds. The engines were 160 horsepower Lycoming IO-320-C1A engines. The last annual inspection was conducted on September 19, 1997. The airplane had flown 31 hours since the last inspection and had a total of 5,156 hours. The airplane underwent maintenance on December 23, 1997, at a maintenance facility at Mountain Home, Idaho. The cabin air heater system was repaired. The passenger reported that the heater worked properly after the maintenance was conducted. A review of the aircraft logbooks indicated that the last time the altimeter was removed and certified in accordance with FAR Part 43, appendix E, was on April 26, 1995. The regulation required the altimeter to be checked every two years. Meteorological Conditions The Hastings special automated report at 2201 cst indicated winds at 080 degrees at 4 knots, visibility 1/4 mile in freezing fog, sky condition a few clouds at 100 feet, ceiling overcast at 4,200 feet, temperature minus 2 degrees C, dew point minus 2 degrees C, altimeter 29.87. The Hastings 2253 cst automated report indicated winds at 100 degrees at 4 knots, visibility 1/4 mile in freezing fog, a few clouds at 100 feet, ceiling overcast at 3,800 feet, temperature and dew point minus 2 degrees C, altimeter 29.86. Remarks sea level pressure 1013.1 millibars, synoptic temperature minus 1.7 degrees C, dew point minus 1.7 degrees C. The Hastings special automated report at 2344 cst indicated winds at 080 degrees at 6 knots, visibility 1/4 mile in freezing fog, a few clouds at 100 feet, ceiling overcast at 2,900 feet, temperature and dew point minus 2 C, altimeter 28.83. Aids to Navigation The Hastings (HSI) VOR 14 approach plate indicated the field elevation was 1,961 feet msl. The approach plate depicted a procedure turn that was initiated at the HEARN intersection of the R-086 radial from the Kearny (EAR) VOR and the R-331 radial from the HSI VOR. The final approach fix (FAF) was located at HEARN intersection at 3,500 feet msl and 5.2 nautical miles from the HSI VOR. The final approach inbound course was 151 degree ## Aircraft - Registration: [N9WG](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N9WG-2013-09-11), registration cancelled 2013-09-11, S/N 30-1099, built 1966 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Piper PA-30/A - Registry model: [Piper PA-30](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-30) (registry code 7103002) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming IO-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-io-320-series) (registry code 41509, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 30-1099 - Airframe hours: 5156 - Engines: Lycoming IO-320-C1A 160 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Destroyed - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: T. C. Bundy - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, September 19, 1997, 31 hours before - Departed: CYS, CHEYENNE, WY - Destination: HSI - Flight plan: IFR - Airport: HSI, Hastings Municipal ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 40; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; toxicology performed; flight hours: 1,153 total, 93 in this make and model, 1,067 as pilot in command, 19 in the last 90 days, 11 in the last 30 days, 4 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Instrument (IMC), Night/dark - Wind: 100° at 4 knots - Visibility: 0.25 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 3,800 ft overcast - Temperature: 30 °F, dew point 30 °F - Altimeter: 29.00 inHg - Observed at: HSI ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19971223043449A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19971223043449A), Dec 23, 1997: Piper PA30, Hastings, NE, Destroyed, 1 fatal. Narrative not attached. Indicates loss of control due to airframe icing. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.