# NTSB CHI98LA103: Cessna 310Q, N1521T, Council Bluffs, IA, March 16, 1998 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: March 15, 1998, 20:00 local (Mar 16, 1998, 02:00 UTC) - Place: Council Bluffs, IA - Coordinates: 41.239215, -95.849945 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=41.2392&lon=-95.8499&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Minor injuries - Injuries: 2 minor, 3 uninjured - Status: Completed, report December 8, 1998 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 10836 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CHI98LA103 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/10836/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA103 ## Probable cause the pilot's failure to maintain proper runway alignment during the landing. The dark night was a factor. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - In flight collision with terrain/water, landing - flare/touchdown - light condition - dark night (contributing factor) - proper alignment - not maintained, pilot in command (cause) - terrain condition - snowbank - Nose gear collapsed, landing - roll - landing gear,nose gear assembly - overload ## Analysis The airplane touched down in a snow bank on the right edge of the runway. The nose gear collapsed and the airplane slid sideways coming to a stop on a easterly heading. The pilot was unable to lower the airplane's landing lights during the approach, but he reported the runway lights were on high intensity and the visibility was good. ## Factual narrative On March 15, 1998, at 2000 central standard time, a Cessna 310Q, N1521T, operated by a private pilot collided with a snowbank while landing on runway 13 (4,100' x 75') at the Council Bluffs Municipal Airport, Council Bluffs, Iowa. The 14 CFR Part 91 personal flight was operating in visual meteorological conditions on an IFR flight plan. The airplane was substantially damaged. The pilot and two passengers were not injured. Two other passengers received minor injuries. The flight originated from North Platte, Nebraska, at 1830 cst. The pilot reported he flew the VOR-A approach, cancelled IFR and made a visual approach to landing on runway 13. The pilot reported he extended the landing gear and 15 degrees of flaps during the approach, but he was unable to extend the wing mounted landing lights. He stated the runway lights were at "maximum brightness" and the visibility was "good." The pilot continued to report, "...I was aligned between the runway lights. I was descending gently, feeling for the last few feet of altitude. Several hundred feet down the runway, the airplane impacted a snowbank along the right (west) side of the runway. The snowdrift was inside the runway lights, and extended several feet onto the 75 foot runway." The nose gear collapsed and the airplane slid sideways coming to rest on an easterly heading. The Council Bluffs Airport manager arrived at the airport shortly after the accident occurred. He reported, "The aircraft appeared to have settled in on top of a snow bank parallel to the runway. The nose gear made contact on top of the snow bank then the right main, then the left main. The nose gear collapsed from engaging the snow bank causing the left tip tank to impact the runway, then the left propeller, then the right propeller." He reported during a telephone interview that the tracks in the snow indicated that the airplane did not veer off the side of the runway, but rather the initial touchdown was in the snow off the side of the runway. During a telephone interview the pilot stated the airplane touched down about 1,000 feet down the runway at an airspeed of about 100 mph. The pilot reported that the nose gear collapsed immediately upon touchdown. He continued to report that the left propeller was heavly damaged and although the right propeller was also damaged, it was not damaged to extent of the left one. He stated that after he looked at the damage it made sense to him that the right propeller was in the snow when the nose gear collapsed. He also stated that after reviewing the aircraft manuals he determined that he was unable to extend the airplane's landing lights because he was moving the switch in the wrong direction. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N1521T](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N1521T-2018-02-28), registration cancelled 2018-02-28, S/N 310Q0518, built 1972 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 310Q - Registry model: [Cessna 310Q](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-310q) (registry code 2074242) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental I0-470 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-i0-470-series) (registry code 17027, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 310Q-0518 - Airframe hours: 4500 - Engines: Continental IO-470 2360 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Robert E. Joyce - Registered owner: Lro, L.L.C. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, February 1, 1998, 20 hours before - Departed: LBF, NORTH PLATTE, NE - Destination: CBF - Flight plan: IFR - Airport: CBF, Council Bluffs Municipal, runway 13, 4,100 × 75 ft, concrete ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 42; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: left; flight hours: 528 total, 95 in this make and model, 429 as pilot in command, 42 in the last 90 days, 9 in the last 30 days, 4 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Night/dark - Wind: 110° at 11 knots, gusting 14 - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 2,000 ft overcast - Temperature: 28 °F, dew point 18 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: CBF ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19980315003389A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19980315003389A), Mar 15, 1998: Cessna 310Q, Council Bluffs, IA, Substantial damage. (Tty) acft landed hard and off center, nose gear collapsed, Council Bluffs, IA. (-23) not aligned with runway landed on snowbank off edge runway. Folded nose… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.