# NTSB CHI98LA228: Cessna 172N, N6596D, Stone Lake, WI, June 29, 1998 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: June 29, 1998, 15:00 local (20:00 UTC) - Place: Stone Lake, WI - Coordinates: 45.839881, -91.54013 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=45.8399&lon=-91.5401&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 4 uninjured - Status: Completed, report February 15, 2001 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 10942 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CHI98LA228 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/10942/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI98LA228 ## Probable cause the lack of effective braking due to hydroplaning. Contributing factors to the accident were the trees off the end of the runway that made a go-around not possible and the ditch off the end of the runway. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of control - on ground/water, landing - flare/touchdown - aircraft performance,hydroplaning condition (cause) - object - tree(s) (contributing factor) - go-around - not possible (contributing factor) - Overrun, landing - roll - On ground/water encounter with terrain/water, landing - roll - terrain condition - ditch (contributing factor) - Nose over, landing - roll ## Analysis The pilot stated that he used a slightly higher final approach airspeed to compensate for any possible wind gusts. After the aircraft touched down, a wind gust lifted the aircraft back off the runway surface. The aircraft settled back to the runway and the pilot immediately applied brakes, raised the flaps, and held the nose off the ground. The pilot reported that the braking action of the aircraft was minimal due to hydroplaning. The pilot stated that a go-around was not possible due to the length of runway remaining and a tree line that was present at the end of the runway. The aircraft traveled off the end of the runway where it impacted a deep rut in the terrain. The nose gear of the aircraft dug into the rut causing the aircraft to nose over. Post accident inspection of the airplane revealed evidence of reverted rubber on both the left and right main landing gears. ## Factual narrative On June 29, 1998, at 1500 central daylight time, a Cessna 172N, N6596D, piloted by an airline transport pilot, sustained substantial damage when it impacted the terrain during landing on runway 33 (2450' x 60', dry, turf) at a private airport, near Stone Lake, Wisconsin. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The 14 CFR Part 91 personal flight was not operating on a flight plan. The pilot and three passengers reported no injuries. The flight departed South St. Paul Municipal Airport, near South St. Paul, Minnesota, at time 1330. According to the pilot's written statement, the pilot checked weather prior to departure by utilizing a computer generated weather service and also by making a telephone call to the airport manager of the intended destination. The pilot stated that the takeoff from the South St. Paul Municipal Airport and en route portions of the flight were uneventful and normal. Upon arriving in the area of the destination airport, the pilot obtained weather information from the Hayward Airport Unicom, 25 miles northeast of the destination airport. Radio contact was also obtained with the airport manager at the destination airport. The pilot stated that the wind was out of the west to northwest at a velocity of 15 knots. The pilot stated that he entered a left-handed traffic pattern for runway 33. The pilot stated that he used an approach speed which was slightly higher then normal to compensate for any possible wind gusts. After the aircraft touched down, a wind gust lifted the aircraft back off the runway surface. The aircraft settled back to the runway and the pilot, "immediately applied brakes, raised the flaps, and held the nose off the ground." The pilot reported that the braking action of the aircraft was minimal due to hydroplaning. The pilot stated that a go-around was not possible due to the length of runway remaining and a tree line that was present at the end of the runway. The aircraft departed the prepared runway surface, at the end of the runway, and impacted a deep rut in the terrain. The nose gear of the aircraft dug into the rut causing the aircraft to nose over. The pilot stated that he shut-off the fuel and electrical systems and evacuated everyone from the aircraft. The airport manager/owner stated he thought the pilot had enough runway left to get the airplane stopped after it touched down a second time. In a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) report, subsequent to the accident, it was determined that the aircraft was hydroplaning at the time of the accident. According to the FAA accident report, there was evidence of reverted rubber on both the left and right main landing gears. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N6596D](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N6596D), registered now, S/N 17272885, built 1979 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 172N - Registry model: [Cessna 172N](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172n) (registry code 2072434) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-320-series) (registry code 41508, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 17272885 - Airframe hours: 6751 - Engines: Lycoming O-360-A4M 180 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Lysdale Airport Rental Inc. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal; Standard, Utility - Last inspection: 100 hour, June 24, 1998, 41 hours before - Departed: SGS, SOUTH ST. PAUL, MN - Destination: PVT - Airport: PVT, Lakewood Lodge Airport, runway 33, 2,450 × 60 ft, grass/turf ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 36; airline transport; airplane ratings: multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 4,456 total, 1,058 in this make and model, 2,289 as pilot in command, 59 in the last 90 days, 40 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 270° at 9 knots, gusting 17 - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 10,000 ft broken - Temperature: 79 °F, dew point 54 °F - Altimeter: 29.00 inHg - Observed at: RPD, 23 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19980629015299A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19980629015299A), Jun 29, 1998: Cessna 172N, Stone Lake, WI, Substantial damage. Landed wet grass runway. Unable stop. Overran end and nosed over. 172 had hydroplaned after landing long and fast. (.4) the pilot stated that he used a… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.