# NTSB CHI99FA252: Cessna 182D, N8878X, Fond Du Lac, WI, July 27, 1999 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Minor injuries · Field investigation · Final report - Date: July 26, 1999, 20:48 local (Jul 27, 1999, 01:48 UTC) - Place: Fond Du Lac, WI - Location: 43.7722° N, 88.4403° W: Placed by OpenAirDocs: center of Fond du Lac, WI, within about 6 miles (OpenAirDocs) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=43.7722&lon=-88.4403&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Minor injuries - Injuries: 1 minor, 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report June 22, 2000 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 46881 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CHI99FA252 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/46881/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99FA252 ## Probable cause the pilot's inaccurate fuel consumption calculations and the subsequent fuel exhaustion. Factors associated with the accident were the crops and the soft field conditions. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanical, approach - vfr pattern - final approach - fluid,fuel - exhaustion (cause) - fuel consumption calculations - inaccurate, pilot in command (cause) - Forced landing, emergency descent/landing - In flight collision with terrain/water, landing - flare/touchdown - terrain condition - crop (contributing factor) - terrain condition - soft (contributing factor) ## Analysis The airplane collided with the terrain during a forced landing following a total loss of engine power. The airplane departed Cape Girardeau, Missouri, where the airplane was topped off with 50 gallons of 100LL aviation fuel. They departed Cape Girardeau at 1720 cdt with the intention of landing at Oshkosh. Upon reaching the Oshkosh area the pilot was notified the airport was closed. The pilot stated he decided to land at Fond Du Lac so he turned to the east, contacted the Fond Du Lac tower, and was cleared to land on runway 18. On final approach the engine lost all power. A forced landing was made in a soft soy bean field north of the airport. Post accident inspection of the airplane revealed no fuel present in the fuel tanks. ## Factual narrative On July 26, 1999, at 2048 central daylight time (cdt), a Cessna 182D, N8878X, collided with the terrain during a forced landing in Fond Du Lac, Wisconsin, following a total loss of engine power. The private pilot received a minor injury and a pilot rated passenger was not injured. The airplane was substantially damaged. The 14 CFR Part 91 flight was operating in visual meteorological conditions without a flight plan. The flight departed from Cape Girardeau, Missouri, at 1720 cdt. The flight was originally destined for the EAA Convention at Oshkosh, Wisconsin, but had missed the 2030 cdt arrival cut-off and was attempting to land at the Fond Du Lac Municipal Airport when the accident occurred. The pilot reported they departed McComb, Mississippi, at 1330 cdt. At 1650 cdt, they arrived at Cape Girardeau, Missouri, where the airplane was topped off with 50 gallons of 100LL aviation fuel. The passenger, who was a rated pilot, stated that he supervised the refueling and verified that the tanks were full. They departed Cape Girardeau at 1720 cdt with the intention of landing at Oshkosh. The pilot reported that upon reaching the town of Ripon, northwest of Fond Du Lac, they were notified that Oshkosh was closed. The pilot stated they decided to land at Fond Du Lac, so he turned to the east, contacted the Fond Du Lac tower, and was cleared to land on runway 18. The pilot stated that while on final approach at 1,000 feet above the ground, the engine sputtered and quit. He reported he had three fields to chose from in which to land. He chose the closest field. At the last minute, he noticed powerlines in the field. He stated he was not going to be able to clear the powerlines, so he turned the airplane to the west to land in another field. The pilot reported that just prior to touching down he applied full flaps. The forced landing was made in a soy bean field which was approximately 2,000 feet square and soft due to recent rains. The initial point of impact was 70 feet prior to a hedgerow which bordered the west edge of the field. The airplane came to rest 15 feet prior to the hedgerow. The nose gear separated from the airplane and was found near the initial impact point. The main landing gear were spread. Wrinkles were present along both sides of the fuselage and empennage. The lower engine cowling was crushed as was the lower half of the firewall. Inspection of the airplane revealed no fuel in either of the fuel tanks. Battery power was applied to the airplane and both fuel gauges indicated empty. The pilot reported they used 14 gallons per hour for the first leg of the flight. He stated their calculations indicated they should have had at least 45 minutes of fuel remaining upon reaching Oshkosh. The pilot stated that he did not lean the mixture during the flight and their ground speed had decreased during the last portion of the flight. The pilot reported that just prior to the loss of power the right fuel gauge was indicating a half tank of fuel remained and the left fuel gauge was indicating "low, but not empty." The pilot stated he flew with the fuel selector selected to "both." ## Aircraft - Registration: [N8878X](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N8878X-2013-03-11), registration cancelled 2013-03-11, S/N 18253278, built 1961 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 182D - Registry model: [Cessna 182D](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-182d) (registry code 2072710) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental O-470 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-o-470-series) (registry code 17026, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 18253278 - Airframe hours: 4330 - Engines: Continental O-470 230 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Joseph E. Herring - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, November 1, 1998, 75 hours before - Departed: CGI, CAPE GIRARDEAU, MO - Destination: FLD ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 28; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 172 total, 81 in this make and model, 128 as pilot in command, 36 in the last 90 days, 22 in the last 30 days, 7 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Dusk - Wind: calm - Visibility: 15 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 84 °F - Altimeter: 29.00 inHg ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19990726009999A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19990726009999A), Jul 26, 1999: Cessna 182D, Fond Du Lac, WI, Destroyed. Pilot reported 5 miles north of field for landing, made off-airport landing 2 miles north of field rwy 18. 1 minor injury. (-23) three-hour and 20-minute… ## Other investigations on N8878X (1) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB LAX69F0127](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX69F0127), Aug 5, 1968: Cessna 182 (N8878X), Fullerton, CA, substantial damage From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.