# NTSB CHI99LA048: Bellanca 8GCBC, N395AC, Burlington, WI, December 4, 1998 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: December 4, 1998, 12:25 local (18:25 UTC) - Place: Burlington, WI - Coordinates: 42.670726, -88.269943 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=42.6707&lon=-88.2699&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report May 19, 1999 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 45411 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=CHI99LA048 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/45411/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI99LA048 ## Probable cause Carburetor ice, the pilot's inadequate pre-flight planning/preparation resulting in his flight into poor weather conditions, and the pilot's improper use of carburetor heat. Factors contributing to this accident were the carburetor icing conditions, the rising embankment at the shoreline and the trees. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power, climb - fuel system,carburetor - ice (cause) - preflight planning/preparation - inadequate, pilot in command (cause) - carburetor heat - improper use of, pilot in command (cause) - weather condition - carburetor icing conditions (contributing factor) - Forced landing, descent - emergency - In flight collision with terrain/water, emergency descent/landing - terrain condition - dirt bank/rising embankment (contributing factor) - object - tree(s) (contributing factor) ## Analysis The pilot said that he was in a visual descent to land when the airplane's engine lost most of its power. The pilot applied carburetor heat, but the engine lost more power. The pilot elected to perform an emergency landing on a lake. The pilot said that the lake was not long enough to stop the airplane before coming in contact with the shore. Examination of the airplane revealed no anomalies. Weather conditions reported at Kenosha, Wisconsin, 14 miles east-southeast of the accident site were overcast ceiling of 200 feet, 1 mile visibility, temperature 52 degrees Fahrenheit, and dew point 52 degrees Fahrenheit. According to the Department of Transportation/Federal Aviation Administration/CT-82/44 Publication: Light Aircraft Piston Engine Carburetor Ice Detector/Warning Device Sensitivity/ Effectiveness, June 1982, Carburetor Icing Probability Chart; these conditions places the probability for carburetor icing in the 'serious icing at cruise power' area of the chart. ## Factual narrative On December 4, 1998, at 1225 central standard time (cst), a Bellanca 8GCBC, N395AC, operated by a commercial pilot, lost engine power while the airplane was in cruise flight. During the subsequent forced landing to a lake, the airplane was substantially damaged when it skipped off of the water and impacted into trees which lined the shore. Instrument meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The personal flight was being conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. There was no flight plan on file. The pilot reported no injuries. The cross-country flight originated at Rochester, Indiana, at 1100 cst, and was en route to Rochester, Wisconsin. In his written statement, the pilot said that he was in a visual descent to land at the Fox River Airport, Rochester, Wisconsin, when the airplane's engine lost most of its power. The pilot said that he applied carburetor heat, but the engine lost more power. The pilot elected to perform an emergency landing on an unknown lake. The pilot said that the lake was not long enough to stop the airplane before coming in contact with the shore. A Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector examined the airplane at the accident site. The airplane was resting upright in a wooded area approximately 20 feet inland from the shore of a small lake. The airplane's right wing was bent aft and the trailing edge was twisted downward. The right rear cabin window was broken inward. The airplane's left wing was bent aft. The outboard 2 feet of the left wing and wing tip were bent upward approximately 40 degrees. Flight control continuity was confirmed. Examination of the airplane's engine, engine controls, and other airplane systems revealed no anomalies. Weather conditions reported at Kenosha, Wisconsin, 14 miles east- southeast of the accident site, at 1129 cst, were overcast ceiling of 200 feet, 1 mile visibility, temperature 52 degrees Fahrenheit, and dew point 52 degrees Fahrenheit. According to the Department of Transportation/Federal Aviation Administration/ CT-82/44 Publication: Light Aircraft Piston Engine Carburetor Ice Detector/Warning Device Sensitivity/Effectiveness, June 1982, Carburetor Icing Probability Chart; these conditions places the probability for carburetor icing in the "serious icing at cruise power" area of the chart. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N395AC](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N395AC-2024-05-17), registration cancelled 2024-05-17, S/N 395-98, built 1998 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Bellanca 8GCBC - Registry model: [American Champion 8GCBC](https://openairdocs.org/model/american-champion-8gcbc) (registry code 2121004) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-360-A1D](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-360-a1d) (registry code 41504, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 395-98 - Airframe hours: 98 - Engines: Lycoming O-360-C1G 180 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Seair, Inc. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, August 8, 1998, 3 hours before - Departed: RCR, ROCHESTER, IN - Destination: 96C, WI ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 43; commercial, airline transport; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine sea; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: front; flight hours: 5,000 total, 500 in this make and model, 75 in the last 90 days ## Weather - Conditions: Instrument (IMC), Day - Wind: 40° at 4 knots - Visibility: 1 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 200 ft overcast - Temperature: 52 °F, dew point 52 °F - Altimeter: 29.00 inHg - Observed at: ENW, 14 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19981204032789A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19981204032789A), Dec 4, 1998: Bbavia 8GCBC, Rochester, WI, Substantial damage. Acft experienced carburator ice on descent and lost power. (.19) on December 4, 1998, at 1225 central standard time (CST), an American champion 8GCBC, N395AC,… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.