# NTSB DCA23LA114: Bombardier CL-600-2D24, N928XJ, New York, NY, January 2, 2023

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report
- Date: January 2, 2023, 16:35 local (21:35 UTC)
- Place: New York, NY · Ramp KF
- Coordinates: 40.635494, -73.782786 (estimated)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=40.6355&lon=-73.7828&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Taxi](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/250) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Defining events: [Taxi-from runway: Ground collision](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200); [Taxi-from runway: Ground collision](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200)
- Highest injury: No injuries
- Injuries: 339 uninjured
- Status: Completed
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- Investigation class: Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish
- NTSB office: Major Investigations Division
- Parties: FAA
- NTSB case key (mKey): 106534
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=DCA23LA114
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/106534/pdf
- NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=106534
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DCA23LA114

## Probable cause (aircraft 1)

ITA Airways flight crew's incorrect evaluation of the clearance between their airplane and another airplane stopped on an adjoining taxiway.

## Findings

NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause.

- [Physical workspace: positioning/available space](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03041010): Environmental issues › Task environment · Compliance w/ procedure, aircraft 1; cases with it: [Bombardier CL-600-2D24, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03041010/cases.md?model=1390016), [All aircraft, 11 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03041010/cases.md)
- [Light condition: dark](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03036020): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Awareness of condition, aircraft 2; cases with it: [All aircraft, 448 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03036020/cases.md)
- [Info processing/decision: decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Flight crew (probable cause), aircraft 2; cases with it: [All aircraft, 3,098 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md)

## Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened.

- [Taxi-from runway: Ground collision](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200) (defining event), aircraft 1; cases with it: [Bombardier CL-600-2D24, 7 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200/sequence.md?model=1390016), [All aircraft, 618 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200/sequence.md)
- [Taxi-from runway: Ground collision](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200) (defining event), aircraft 2; cases with it: [All aircraft, 618 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200/sequence.md)

## Analysis (aircraft 1)

ITA Airways flight 610, an Airbus A330-202, EI-EJM, collided with Endeavor Air flight 4994 (d.b.a. Delta Air Lines), a Bombardier CRJ-900LR, N928XJ, while taxiing after landing at John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK), Queens, New York. There were no injuries to the passengers and crew onboard either airplane, and the Endeavor Air airplane received substantial damage. Endeavor Air flight 4994 was operating under 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 121 as a regularly scheduled passenger flight, and ITA Airways flight 610 was operating under 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 129 as a scheduled international passenger flight. Endeavor Air flight 4994 Endeavor Air flight 4994 landed on runway 22L at JFK and proceeded on taxiway juliet, then to taxiway alpha, and then initiated a turn onto taxiway KF into the ramp area. The Endeavor Air flight crew reported being cleared to enter the Terminal 4 ramp and taxi to gate B44. Ramp control advised the flight crew to give way to traffic parking at gate B42 before parking at their assigned gate. The Endeavor Air flight crew moved forward onto taxiway KF, and the flight crew stated they pulled as far forward as they could into the ramp area but could not pull any further forward due to an airplane awaiting to park at another gate. The flight crew remained stationary and continued to monitor ground and ramp frequencies while waiting to park at their assigned gate. ITA Airways flight 610 ITA Airways flight 610 landed on runway 22L and taxied to the ramp area using taxiway alpha. The flight crew reported they saw the Endeavor Air airplane turning onto taxiway KF and recalled the Endeavor Air airplane stopping as soon as it entered the taxiway. As ITA Airways proceeded on taxiway alpha, the captain, who was the pilot monitoring, noticed the tail of the Endeavor Air airplane was close to taxiway alpha and reduced ground speed. The ITA Airways flight crew stated they presumed they were clear of the Endeavor Air airplane since their airplane was taxiing on the centerline of taxiway alpha. The Endeavor Air flight crew reported feeling a severe shaking which prompted them to look out of the left side of the airplane where they observed that the ITA Airways airplane was missing its right winglet. This prompted the Endeavor Air flight crew to conclude their airplane may have been struck by ITA Airways airplane and they instructed air traffic control (ATC) that their airplane needed to remain stationary until the damages were confirmed and an exterior check could be performed. ITA Airways flight 610 proceeded to their gate. Post accident inspection revealed substantial damage to the right elevator and horizontal stabilizer structure of Endeavor Air’s airplane, and minor damage to the right winglet of ITA Airways’ airplane.

## Aircraft 1

- Registration: [N928XJ](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N928XJ), registered now, S/N 15190, built 2008 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: BOMBARDIER INC CL-600-2D24 (CRJ-900LR)
- Registry model: [Bombardier CL-600-2D24](https://openairdocs.org/model/bombardier-cl-600-2d24) (registry code 1390016) (OpenAirDocs)
- Registry engine: [GE CF34-8C5](https://openairdocs.org/engine/ge-cf34-8c5) (registry code 30050, turbo-fan) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 15190
- Year built: 2008
- Airframe hours: 33167
- Engines: GE CF34-8C5 14510 lbs thrust turbo fan; GE CF34-8C5 14510 lbs thrust turbo fan
- Damage: Substantial damage
- Flight: Part 121
- Operator: Endeavor Airlines, doing business as Delta Connection
- Registered owner: Delta Air Lines Inc
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Transport
- Last inspection: Continuous airworthiness, January 2, 2023
- Departed: KDTW, Romulus, MI
- Destination: Same as departure
- Flight plan: IFR
- Airport: KJFK, John F. Kennedy International Airport, runway 22L, 8,400 × 200 ft, asphalt
- Equipment: Electronic multifunction display, Electronic primary flight display, Onboard weather, Stall warning system, ADS-B, Auto-pilot, Data recorder

## Aircraft 2

- Registration: EI-EJM (not matched to a registry record)
- Reported make and model: AIRBUS A330 (202)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 1308
- Airframe hours: 40423
- Engines: general electric CF6-80E turbo fan; general electric CF6-80E turbo fan
- Damage: Minor damage
- Flight: Part 129
- Operator: Italia Trasporto Aereo Spa, doing business as ITA Airways
- Registered owner: MDCA 10 Ltd
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal
- Departed: LIRF, Fiumicino, OF
- Destination: KJFK, New York, NY
- Flight plan: IFR

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot, aircraft N928XJ; age 30; injuries: none; airline transport, flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, with waivers/limitations; last flight review October 5, 2022; seat: left; flight hours: 3,391 total, 1,302 in this make and model, 2,140 as pilot in command, 110 in the last 90 days, 27 in the last 30 days, 4 in the last 24 hours
- Co-pilot, aircraft N928XJ; age 31; injuries: none; military, airline transport, commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, without waivers/limitations; last flight review October 15, 2022; seat: right; restraint: 5-point; flight hours: 1,111 total, 160 in this make and model, 17 as pilot in command, 169 in the last 90 days, 67 in the last 30 days, 5 in the last 24 hours
- Pilot, aircraft 2; age 62; injuries: none; airline transport; airplane ratings: multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, without waivers/limitations; last flight review January 21, 2022; seat: left; flight hours: 20,400 total, 8,500 in this make and model, 14,900 as pilot in command, 230 in the last 90 days, 28 in the last 30 days, 9 in the last 24 hours
- Co-pilot, aircraft 2; age 44; injuries: none; airline transport; airplane ratings: multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, without waivers/limitations; last flight review November 29, 2022; seat: right; flight hours: 8,700 total, 66 in this make and model, 105 in the last 90 days, 45 in the last 30 days, 9 in the last 24 hours
- Other flight crew, aircraft 2; injuries: none; airline transport; seat: center; flight hours: 13,480 total

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Night
- Wind: 180° at 5 knots
- Visibility: 10 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: 3,700 ft broken
- Temperature: 48 °F, dew point 45 °F
- Altimeter: 30.14 inHg
- Observed at: KJFK

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 20230102011372A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20230102011372A), Jan 2, 2023: Bombardier Inc CL-600-2D24, Queens, NY, Substantial damage. On January 2, 2023 after landing at jfk [privacy data omitted] was cleared to taxi and routed to the international ramp area. [privacy data omitted] Turned…

## Docket (6 files)

The files NTSB released with the investigation on July 17, 2024, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=106534. 14.1 MB in all.

- Pilot/operator aircraft accident report, NTSB form 6120.1 - endeavor air (item 1, PDF, 11 pages, 866 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17275167&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=6120.1%20Endeavor%20-%20Copy1_Redacted-Rel.pdf
- Pilot/operator aircraft accident report, NTSB form 6120.1 - ita airways (item 2, PDF, 11 pages, 1.5 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17275382&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=6120_1%20fillable%2001-02-2023%20A330%20EI-EJM%20Ground%20Collision%20at%20JFK%20-%20Copy1_Redacted-Rel.pdf
- Pilot's statement - endeavor air captain and first officer (item 3, PDF, 2 pages, 69 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17275709&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=EDV%204994,%2002JAN,%20DTW-JFK%20Pilot%20Statements-Rel.pdf
- Pilot's statement - ita airways captain (item 4, PDF, 1 page, 13 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17275884&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Statement%20CPT%20Piro%20flight%20AZ610%20FCO-JFK%2002JAN23%20Courtesy%20Translation-Rel.pdf
- Pilot's statement - ita airways first officer 1 (item 5, PDF, 1 page, 10 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17275719&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Statement%20FO%20Buranelli%20flight%20AZ610%2002JAN23%20Courtesy%20Translation_Redacted-Rel.pdf
- Pilot's statement - ita airways first officer 2 (item 6, PDF, 1 page, 11.7 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17275806&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Statement%20FO%20Manini%20flight%20AZ610%20FCO-JFK%2002JAN2023_Redacted-Rel.pdf

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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