# NTSB DEN02LA093: Cessna 310N, N111KC, Grand Junction, CO, August 9, 2002 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: August 9, 2002, 13:45 local (19:45 UTC) - Place: Grand Junction, CO - Coordinates: 39.110088, -108.529281 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=39.1101&lon=-108.5293&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report August 26, 2003 - Report: Approved by Office Director - Parties: Salt Lake City FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 55483 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=DEN02LA093 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/55483/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN02LA093 ## Probable cause The dual student's inadequate aircraft control resulting in a hard landing. Contributing factors include, the dual student's inadequate airspeed and high flare, the inadequate supervision by the instructor, the in-flight separation of the right main landing gear and the intentional wheels-up landing. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Hard landing, landing - flare/touchdown - aircraft control - inadequate, dual student (cause) - airspeed - not maintained, dual student (contributing factor) - flare - high, dual student (contributing factor) - supervision - inadequate, pilot in command(cfi) (contributing factor) - go-around - initiated, pilot in command(cfi) - Miscellaneous/other, cruise - landing gear,main gear - separation (contributing factor) - Wheels up landing, emergency landing - wheels up landing - intentional, pilot in command(cfi) (contributing factor) ## Analysis According to the instructor, the pilot receiving instruction made a hard landing. The instructor took the controls and initiated a go-around. Suspecting landing gear damage, he kept the landing gear extended and diverted to a nearby airport. On the approach, the right main landing gear fell off the aircraft. Because of the limited emergency equipment at the second airport, he was advised to divert to a third airport. While keeping the landing gear extended, they made a low pass over the runway, and witnesses confirmed the missing right main landing gear. The instructor retracted the landing gear and made an intentional gear-up landing. The airplane sustained extensive damage to the lower fuselage skin and bulkheads and substantial damage to the right main landing gear attachment point. ## Factual narrative On August 9, 2002, at approximately 1345 mountain daylight time, a Cessna 310N, N111KC, was substantially damaged during a hard landing at Glenwood Springs Municipal Airport (GWS), Glenwood Springs, Colorado. At 1456, the airplane was further damaged during an intentional gear-up landing at Walker Field (GJT), Grand Junction, Colorado. The airline transport pilot, and the pilot receiving instruction, were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed. No flight plan had been filed for this instructional cross-country flight being conducted under Title 14 CFR Part 91. The flight originated at Pueblo Memorial Airport, Pueblo, Colorado, at approximately 1245. According to the instructor, the pilot receiving instruction made a hard landing at Glenwood Springs. The instructor took the controls and initiated a go-around. Suspecting landing gear damage, he kept the landing gear extended and diverted to Garfield County Regional Airport (RIL), in Rifle, Colorado. On the approach to Garfield County Regional, the right main landing gear fell off the aircraft. Because of the limited emergency equipment at Garfield County Regional, he was advised to divert to Walker Field, in Grand Junction, Colorado. While keeping the landing gear extended, they made a low pass over the runway at Walker Field, and witnesses confirmed the missing right main landing gear. The instructor retracted the landing gear and made an intentional gear-up landing. The airplane sustained extensive damage to the lower fuselage skin and bulkheads and substantial damage to the right main landing gear attachment point. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N111KC](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N111KC-2003-04-23), registration cancelled 2003-04-23, S/N 310N-0005, built 1967 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 310N - Registry model: [Cessna 310N](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-310n) (registry code 2074234) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming TI0-540 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-ti0-540-series) (registry code 41533, turbo-prop) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 310N-0005 - Airframe hours: 3570 - Engines: Lycoming TIO-540-A2B 310 horsepower reciprocating; Lycoming TIO-540-A2B 310 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Russell Andrews - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, September 20, 2001, 125 hours before - Departed: PUB, Pueblo, CO - Destination: GWS, Glenwood Spring, CO - Airport: GJT, Grand Junction, runway 29, 10,500 × 150 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 55; injuries: none; flight instructor, commercial, airline transport; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; last flight review May 14, 2002; seat: right; flight hours: 6,488 total, 336 in this make and model, 6,070 as pilot in command, 116 in the last 90 days, 59 in the last 30 days, 6 in the last 24 hours - Co-pilot; injuries: none; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; last flight review April 4, 2002; seat: left; flight hours: 395 total ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 310° at 11 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 91 °F, dew point 45 °F - Altimeter: 30.18 inHg - Observed at: GJT ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20020809022999A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20020809022999A), Aug 9, 2002: Cessna 310N, Grand Junction, CO, Substantial damage. (-23) Mr. Quisenberry was providing multiengine dual instruction to Mr. Houghton in the aircraft. They had departed glenwood springs airport around 0930 hrs… ## Other investigations on N111KC (2) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB DEN01LA023](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN01LA023), Oct 14, 2000: Cessna 310N (N111KC), Montrose, CO, substantial damage. Probable cause: the pilot's inadequate airspeed on final approach which resulted in a hard landing. A contributing factor was wind shear. - [NTSB MKC72FCG22](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC72FCG22), Sep 10, 1971: Cessna 310N (N111KC), Mound City, MO, substantial damage From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.