# NTSB DEN05FA003: Cessna A185E, N5964, Luna, NM, October 3, 2004 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Field investigation · Final report - Date: October 3, 2004, 10:30 local (16:30 UTC) - Place: Luna, NM - Coordinates: 33.913333, -109.023056 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=33.9133&lon=-109.0231&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Maneuvering](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/450) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 1 fatal - Status: Completed, report September 13, 2005 - Report: Approved by Office Director - Parties: Teledyne Continental Motors, Federal Aviation Administration, Cessna Aircraft Company - NTSB case key (mKey): 60266 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=DEN05FA003 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/60266/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN05FA003 ## Probable cause the pilot's improper use of the mixture control, his failure to maintain clearance from the trees, and his improper preflight planning resulting in his taking off into a canyon and subsequently impacting the trees and terrain. Factors contributing to the accident were the trees, and the high density altitude. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power(partial) - nonmechanical, maneuvering - mixture - improper use of, pilot in command (cause) - weather condition - high density altitude (contributing factor) - In flight collision with object, maneuvering - clearance - not maintained, pilot in command (cause) - preflight planning/preparation - improper, pilot in command (cause) - object - tree(s) (contributing factor) - In flight collision with terrain/water, descent - uncontrolled - terrain condition - mountainous/hilly ## Analysis The airplane came in from the west and landed on the airstrip. A witness, the owner of the airstrip, said the pilot taxied the airplane to the west end of the airstrip and then took off to the east. The witness said the pilot made a "perfect" takeoff. The witness said that after he could no longer see the airplane he heard what sounded like two shots. He said he thought that "two guys were shooting muzzle loaders" and assumed that the airplane had "scared up some elk for them to shoot at." The witness said he expected the pilot to land at the airstrip when he came back around, but he never returned. The witness said about 30 minutes later he was met by a friend who told him the airplane had gone down. The witness said his wife reported seeing the airplane begin a left banking turn, then seeing "two puffs of smoke" come from the airplane, and hearing "two bangs" before losing sight of the airplane. The airstrip owner, who knew the pilot, said that this was the first time the pilot had landed at that airstrip. He said that when the airplane took off the engine sounded normal. The airstrip owner said that he flew in and out of the airstrip in his Maule. He said that taking off to the east put him in a canyon. He said that it was better to take off to the west through the larger part of the valley. An examination of the airplane revealed no anomalies; however, all of the engine spark plugs were noted to be light brown in color, indicative of the engine being operated at a lean fuel-air mixture setting. According to a manufacturer's representative, with the turbocharger installed, the operator must run the engine at the rich mixture setting to get the same performance at higher elevations that the engine would get at sea level. Any leaning at all would produce backfires and loss of performance. The density altitude calculated for the area was 11,246 feet msl. Turbocharger information showed at an altitude of 13,000 feet msl and 76 percent horsepower, the airplane's climb rate was 500 feet per minute. ## Factual narrative HISTORY OF FLIGHT On October 3, 2004, approximately 1030 mountain daylight time, a Cessna A185E, N5964, piloted by an airline transport pilot, was destroyed when it impacted trees and mountainous terrain while maneuvering after takeoff from a private airstrip, approximately 8 miles north-northwest of Luna, New Mexico. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The personal flight was being conducted under the provisions of Title 14 CFR Part 91 without a flight plan. The pilot was fatally injured. The cross-country flight was originating at the time of the accident. A witness said he saw the airplane come in from the west land on the airstrip at the L.D.W. Ranch. The witness, also the owner of the ranch and airstrip, said the pilot taxied the airplane to the west end of the runway and then took off to the east. The witness said the pilot made a "perfect" takeoff. The witness said that after he could no longer see the airplane he heard what sounded like two shots. He said he thought that "two guys were shooting muzzle loaders" and assumed that the airplane had "scared up some elk for them to shoot at." The witness said he expected the pilot to land at the airstrip when he came back around, but he never returned. The witness said about 30 minutes later he was met by a friend who told him the airplane had gone down. The witness said he went to the crash scene, found the pilot and checked his vital signs. There were none. He then went to notify the sheriff's department. In a telephone interview, the witness said that his wife saw the airplane after takeoff enter a left banking turn and then saw two puffs of smoke. He said she then heard "two bangs" before losing sight of the airplane. The witness' wife said that she saw the airplane takeoff to the east, and after clearing the trees begin to circle back. She then heard "two loud what sounded like shots. There was smoke and then the plane disappeared from sight." The airstrip owner, who knew the pilot, said that this was the first time the pilot had landed at that airstrip. He said that when the airplane took off the engine sounded normal. The airstrip owner said that he flew in and out of the airstrip in his Maule. He said that taking off to the east put him in a canyon. He said that it was better to take off to the west through the larger part of the valley. PERSONNEL INFORMATION The pilot held an airline transport pilot certificate dated November 8, 1999. The certificate listed privileges for multi-engine land airplane and type ratings for numerous commercial transport airplanes. The certificate also listed commercial privileges for single-engine land airplanes, single-engine sea airplanes, rotorcraft-helicopters, and gliders. The pilot held a flight instructor certificate dated March 9, 2003. The certificate listed privileges for instruction in single-engine land airplanes, single-engine sea airplanes, rotorcraft-helicopters, and gliders. The pilot successfully completed a flight review on May 15, 2003. According to his logbook, the pilot had 28,212 total flying hours, approximately 50 hours in the 90 days previous to the accident. The pilot had flown 21.4 hours in the accident airplane in the 90 days prior to the accident. The pilot's last logbook entry was made on September 29, 2004. The pilot held a second-class medical certificate dated December 29, 2003. The pilot's medical certificate listed as limitations the certificate was "not valid for any class after December 31, 2004," and "holder must wear corrective lenses." The pilot also possessed a Statement of Demonstrated Ability for a first class medical certificate, dated September 21, 1967, for "defective distance visual acuity," corrected to 20/20 vision in both eyes. The certificate listed as limitations, "Holder shall wear corrective lenses and have a pair of correcting glasses available while exercising the privileges of his airman certificate." AIRCRAFT INFORMATION The airplane, serial number 185-1153, was manufactured in January 1967. The airplane was owned and operated by the pilot and used primarily for pleasure. According to the airplane logbooks, the airplane underwent an annual inspection on October 9, 2003. The engine tachometer time recorded at the annual inspection was 1,848 hours. The total airframe time recorded at the annual inspection was 7,000 hours and the Hobbs time was 1931 hours. The Hobbs time recorded at the accident site was 2,050.4 hours. METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION A witness near the accident scene described the weather approximately 1 hour before the accident as clear skies, unrestricted visibility, and a temperature of approximately 50 degrees Fahrenheit. The weather at St. Johns, Arizona (SJN), 38 miles northwest of the accident site, was clear skies, 10 miles visibility, temperature 64 degrees Fahrenheit (F), dew point 39 degrees F, winds 050 degrees at 5 knots, and altimeter 30.03 inches. Using the temperature and altimeter setting for SJN and the elevation at the accident site, the density altitude was calculated as 11,246 feet. AERODROME AND GROUND FACILITIES The L.D.W. Ranch airstrip sat at an elevation of 8,335 feet mean sea level. The airstrip was approximately 2,100 feet long and 50 feet wide, and was oriented on a 060-240 degree magnetic heading. The surface consisted of soft, dry dirt. According to the owner, they had recently graded the airstrip to reroute a road and to flatten out a "crown" in the center of the airstrip. The owner said that they had worked on the airstrip the previous day. WRECKAGE AND IMPACT INFORMATION The National Transportation Safety Board's on scene investigation began October 4, 2004, at 0800. The accident site was located on a hillside approximately 70 feet north of an east-west running segment of Catron County Road 220, a 2-lane winding gravel road. The hillside was heavily treed and showed an incline that varied between 20 to 60 degrees. The average slope was approximately 25 degrees. The elevation of the location where the airplane main wreckage came to rest was approximately 8,900 feet mean sea level. The accident scene began with a 110-foot tall, 28-inch diameter Ponderosa pine tree, located approximately 200 feet north of CR 200 and 690 feet east of the airplane main wreckage. At the top of the tree was a 2-foot long section of the airplane's outboard wing. At the base of the tree were small pieces of metal, yellow-colored paint chips, and small broken pieces of clear Plexiglas. Approximately 57 feet west of the first pine tree were several yellow-colored paint chips. Approximately 138 feet from the first pine tree was a 16-inch long piece of the right outboard wing and right aileron. The outboard portion of this section, where the wing tip is fixed was crushed aft. The wing tip was broken aft along the longitudinal rivet line. Fractured pieces of the fiberglass wingtip adhered along the rivet line. The inboard portion of the wing section was crushed and torn rearward. Also in this area was a 12-inch wide piece of wing skin that was bent and torn. Approximately 140 feet from the first pine tree on a 233-degree magnetic heading was a 26-inch long section of the right wing aileron. The section was broken aft and buckled. At 336 feet west of the first pine tree was a landing light. At 375 feet was the green lens cover to the right wing position light. Approximately 550 feet west of the first pine tree was a second Ponderosa pine tree with a yellow-colored metal pieces, approximately 2 feet in length, , lodged in it's branches, approximately 40 feet up from the ground. At 579 feet west of the first pine tree was a 4-foot long, leading edge piece of the airplane's right wing. Numerous paint chips, pieces of broken clear Plexiglas, and pieces of chopped wood were located in this area. A 6 ## Aircraft - Registration: [N5964](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N5964-2013-09-13), registration cancelled 2013-09-13, S/N 185-1153 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna A185E - Registry model: [Cessna A185E](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-a185e) (registry code 2072818) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 1153 - Airframe hours: 7119.4 - Engines: Continental IO-520-D 300 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Destroyed - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Thomas Leon Rabourn - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, October 9, 2003, 119.4 hours before - Departed: Luna, NM - Destination: Springerville, AZ - Airport: L. D. W. Ranch, runway 060, 2,100 × 50 ft, dirt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 63; injuries: fatal; flight instructor, commercial, airline transport; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land, single-engine sea; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; last flight review May 15, 2003; seat: left; toxicology performed; flight hours: 28,212 total, 4,047 in this make and model, 50 in the last 90 days, 28 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 50° at 5 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 64 °F, dew point 39 °F - Altimeter: 30.03 inHg - Observed at: SJN, 38 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20041003025769A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20041003025769A), Oct 3, 2004: Cessna A185E, Luna, NM, Destroyed, 1 fatal. (-23) On October 3, 2004, at approximately 0930 MDT a Cessna 185, N5964 registered to thomas raybourn collided with trees after takeoff from a private airstrip… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.