# NTSB DEN93LA023: Cessna 310L, N3303X, Greeley, CO, January 23, 1993

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report
- Date: January 23, 1993, 07:55 local (14:55 UTC)
- Place: Greeley, CO
- Location: 40.4374° N, 104.6332° W: Placed by OpenAirDocs at GREELEY-WELD COUNTY (GXY), within about a mile (OpenAirDocs)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=40.4374&lon=-104.6332&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Highest injury: No injuries
- Injuries: 2 uninjured
- Status: Completed, report October 13, 1993
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB case key (mKey): 18270
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=DEN93LA023
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/18270/pdf
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN93LA023

## Probable cause

POOR IN FLIGHT PLANNING AND DECISION MAKING BY THE FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR IN ALLOWING THE STUDENT TO PROGRESS TO A POINT WHERE A SAFE FLIGHT REGIMEN COULD NOT BE MAINTAINED.  A FACTOR WAS: THE DUAL STUDENTS FAILURE TO MAINTAIN CONTROL OF THE AIRCRAFT.

## Sequence of events

In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf).

- Loss of control - in flight, landing - flare/touchdown
  - directional control - not maintained, dual student (contributing factor)
- In flight collision with terrain/water, go-around (vfr)
  - terrain condition - snowbank
  - in-flight planning/decision - poor, pilot in command(cfi) (cause)

## Analysis

DURING THE LANDING PHASE, AFTER CONDUCTING A SIMULATED SINGLE ENGINE APPROACH, THE STUDENT FAILED TO MAINTAIN CONTROL OF THE AIRCRAFT.  THE INSTRUCTOR TOOK CONTROL AND DURING THE ATTEMPTED GO AROUND THE AIRCRAFT STRUCK SEVERAL SNOW BANKS AND THEN BECAME AIRBORNE.  CONTACT WITH THE SNOW BANKS CAUSED DAMAGE TO ALL THREE LANDING GEAR AND BOTH PROPELLERS. AFTER ORBITING FOR APPROXIMATELY TWO HOURS AND FIFTY MINUTES, TO BURN OFF FUEL, AN EMERGENCY LANDING WAS MADE WHICH CAUSED DAMAGE TO THE LEFT TIP TANK, NOSE SECTION, AND MAIN FUSELAGE.

## Aircraft

- Registration: [N3303X](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N3303X-2003-02-07), registration cancelled 2003-02-07, S/N 310L-0153, built 1967 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: CESSNA 310L
- Registry model: [Cessna 310L](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-310l) (registry code 2074230) (OpenAirDocs)
- Registry engine: [Continental I0-470 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-i0-470-series) (registry code 17027, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 310L-0153
- Airframe hours: 5133
- Engines: CONTINENTAL IO-470 260 horsepower reciprocating
- Damage: Substantial damage
- Flight: Instructional, Part 91
- Operator: Flat Iron Aviation
- Registered owner: Edb Air, Inc.
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal
- Last inspection: 100 hour, September 2, 1992, 47 hours before
- Departed: 1V5, BOULDER, CO
- Airport: GXY, Weld County Airport, runway 9, 6,210 × 100 ft, asphalt

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: right; flight hours: 1,980 total, 71 in this make and model, 1,800 as pilot in command, 182 in the last 90 days, 37 in the last 30 days

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day
- Wind: 340° at 18 knots, gusting 23
- Visibility: 10 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: none
- Temperature: 25 °F, dew point 12 °F
- Altimeter: 30.00 inHg

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 19930123000749A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19930123000749A), Jan 23, 1993: Cessna 310L, Greeley, CO, Substantial damage. Drifted right of runway during engine out practice.CFI to ok over to go around. Struck snow banks. Emergency landing.

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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