# NTSB ERA09LA147: Bellanca 8KCAB, N31254, Moscow, TN, January 31, 2009 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: January 31, 2009, 15:25 local (21:25 UTC) - Place: Moscow, TN - Coordinates: 35.099998, -89.199996 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=35.1000&lon=-89.2000&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Maneuvering](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/450) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Maneuvering: Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 1 fatal - Status: Completed, report August 13, 2009 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Eastern Region Aviation - Parties: FAA/FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 73298 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ERA09LA147 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/73298/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=73298 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA09LA147 ## Probable cause The pilot's initiation of a low altitude maneuver followed by an uncontrolled descent into terrain. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Not determined](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000): Not determined › Not determined · Unknown/Not determined (probable cause); cases with it: [Bellanca 8KCAB, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000/cases.md?model=1220801), [All aircraft, 2,247 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Maneuvering: Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240) (defining event); cases with it: [Bellanca 8KCAB, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240/sequence.md?model=1220801), [All aircraft, 5,002 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240/sequence.md) - [Uncontrolled descent: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Bellanca 8KCAB, 8 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=1220801), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot departed solo from his home airport for a local, personal flight. About 13 minutes later, an eyewitness observed the airplane “vertical going up and nosed over to the right and went straight down…” He heard a “light thud” and realized the airplane had crashed. He reported that the engine “seemed fine, no missing, running strong.” The witness estimated that the pilot was maneuvering at less than 1,000 feet above the ground. The wreckage was found in a nose-low attitude at the edge of a small lake. Examination of the wreckage did not reveal evidence of a mechanical malfunction or failure. Propeller signatures were indicative of engine power at impact. The pilot, who was also a captain for a major air cargo operator, had recently acquired the airplane and had logged approximately 13 hours in the aerobatic airplane. ## Factual narrative On January 31, 2009, about 1525 central standard time, a Bellanca 8KCAB, N31254, was substantially damaged after an in-flight loss of control while maneuvering near Moscow, Tennessee. The private pilot was killed. The airplane was owned and operated by the pilot. The local, personal flight was conducted under 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 91. Day, visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and no flight plan was filed. The flight originated at Olive Branch Airport (OLV), Olive Branch, Mississippi about 1513. A witness was outside, washing his car at the time of the accident. He reported that the weather was "sunny and light wind." He observed the airplane "vertical going up and nosed over to the right and went straight down…" He then heard a "light thud" and realized the airplane had crashed. He also noted that the engine "seemed fine, no missing, running strong." When asked about the altitude of the airplane, he estimated that the airplane was operating at "less than 1,000 feet." Prior to the airplane "pulling straight up vertical," the airplane appeared to be just above a tree line adjacent to his property. Inspectors from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspected the airplane wreckage at the accident site. The wreckage was located in a rural area about 9 miles south of Somerville, Tennessee. They reported that there was a debris field approximately 64 feet in length. The airplane came to rest at the edge of a pond in a nose low attitude. The wings, fuselage, and empennage were fragmented. There were broken tree limbs adjacent to the accident site. A section of the wing spar and wing skin remained lodged in the top of a pine tree. The propeller showed evidence of s-bending, chordwise scratching, and blade twisting. The engine could not be rotated by hand due to impact damage. Flight control continuity was established from all primary flight control surfaces to the cockpit. Both fuel tanks were breached and there was spilled fuel within the debris field. The pilot held a private pilot certificate with privileges for airplane single engine land and glider. He also held airline transport pilot and flight engineer certificates. He was a Boeing 757 captain for Federal Express. He possessed a first class medical certificate dated December 15, 2008, with a restriction to possess glasses for near and intermediate vision. According to the FAA, the pilot recently acquired the airplane and had logged approximately 13 hours in the airplane. He reported 10,050 hours total time on his latest FAA medical application. The pilot's logbook was not located after the accident. Friends and acquaintances of the pilot reported that they were not aware of any aerobatic instruction received by the pilot. A review of the aircraft and engine logbooks revealed the airplane received an annual inspection on September 15, 2008. At the time of the accident, the airplane had accumulated approximately 13 hours since the annual inspection. The 1550weather observation at OLV reported the following: winds from 200 degrees at 9 knots, 10 statute miles visibility, sky clear, temperature 13 degrees Celsius (C), dew point 1 degree C, and altimeter setting 30.13 inches of mercury. The physician who performed the pilot's latest FAA first class medical examination reported that there were no significant medical findings as a result of the examination. He considered the pilot to be in good health and was unaware of any medical conditions that might have contributed to the accident. A postmortem examination of the pilot was performed by the Office of the Shelby County Medical Examiner, Memphis, Tennessee. The cause of death was listed as, "…blunt force injuries. The manner of death is accident." Forensic toxicology was performed on specimens of the pilot by the FAA Bioaeronautical Sciences Research Laboratory (CAMI), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. The CAMI toxicology report was negative for carbon monoxide, cyanide, ethanol, and drugs. 14 CFR Part 91, section 303, defines aerobatic flight as, "an intentional maneuver involving an abrupt change in an aircraft's attitude, an abnormal attitude, or abnormal acceleration, not necessary for normal flight." Section 303 also states that no person may operate an aircraft in aerobatic flight below an altitude of 1,500 feet above the surface. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N31254](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N31254-2018-01-17), registration cancelled 2018-01-17, S/N 4872, built 1972 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: BELLANCA 8KCAB - Registry model: [Bellanca 8KCAB](https://openairdocs.org/model/bellanca-8kcab) (registry code 1220801) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming IO-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-io-320-series) (registry code 41509, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 4872 - Airframe hours: 1213 - Engines: LYCOMING IO-320-E1A 150 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Ray K. Davis - Registered owner: Ray K. Davis - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Aerobatic; Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, September 15, 2008, 13 hours before - Departed: OLV, Olive Branch, MS - Destination: OLV, Olive Branch, MS ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 51; injuries: fatal; airline transport, flight engineer, private; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, with waivers/limitations; last flight review January 9, 2009; seat: left; toxicology performed; flight hours: 10,050 total, 13 in this make and model ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 240° at 9 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 55 °F, dew point 34 °F - Altimeter: 30.15 inHg - Observed at: OLV, 25 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20090131001529A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20090131001529A), Jan 31, 2009: Bbavia 8KCAB, Moscow, TN, Destroyed, 1 fatal. On January 31, 2009, at approximately 1510 local, a Bellanca/8KCAB departed olive branch airport (olv) on a local flight. At approximately 1525 local, the… ## Docket (17 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on June 15, 2009, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=73298. 30.8 MB in all. - FAA Witness Statement - Minor (item 1, .PDF, 79 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40313618&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=FAA%20Witness%20Statement%20-%20Minor-Redacted.PDF - FAA Witness Statement - Slocum (item 2, .PDF, 168 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40313620&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=FAA%20Witness%20Statement%20-%20Slocum-Redacted.PDF - Reports from Federal Agencies - FAA Records of Telephone Call (item 3, .PDF, 345 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40313621&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Reports%20from%20Federal%20Agencies%20-%20FAA%20Records%20of%20Telephone%20Call-Redacted.PDF - Wreckage Diagram (item 4, .PDF, 1.9 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40313622&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Wreckage%20Diagram-Master.PDF - Weather Reports (item 5, .PDF, 34 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40313623&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Weather%20Reports%20-Redacted.PDF - Toxicological Report (item 6, .PDF, 76 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40313624&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Toxicological%20Report-Redacted.PDF - Excerpts from Engine Logbook (item 7, .PDF, 106 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40313626&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Excerpts%20from%20Engine%20Logbook-Redacted.PDF - FedEx Crewmember Records (item 8, .PDF, 158 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40313627&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=FedEx%20Crewmember%20Records-Master.PDF - Excerpts from Airframe Logbook (item 9, .PDF, 133 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40313629&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Excerpts%20from%20Airframe%20Logbook-Redacted.PDF - Reports from Federal Agencies - FAA Inspector Statement (item 10, .PDF, 248 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40313634&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Reports%20from%20Federal%20Agencies%20-%20FAA%20Inspector%20Statement-Redacted.PDF - Photo 1: Main Wreckage (FAA Digital Photo) (item 11, .PDF, 4.6 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40313635&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%201%3A%20Main%20Wreckage%20(FAA%20Digital%20Photo)-Master.PDF - Photo 2: Empennage and Fuselage (FAA Digital Photo) (item 12, .PDF, 4.6 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40313636&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%202%3A%20Empennage%20and%20Fuselage%20(FAA%20Digital%20Photo)-Master.PDF - Photo 3: Wing and Fuselage Sections (FAA Digital Photo) (item 13, .PDF, 4.6 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40313637&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%203%3A%20Wing%20and%20Fuselage%20Sections%20(FAA%20Digital%20Photo)-Master.PDF - Photo 4: Pine Tree with Section of Right Wing (FAA Digital Photo) (item 14, .PDF, 4.6 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40313638&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%204%3A%20Pine%20Tree%20with%20Section%20of%20Right%20Wing%20(FAA%20Digital%20Photo)-Master.PDF - Photo 5: Engine and Propeller (FAA Digital Photo) (item 15, .PDF, 4.6 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40313639&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%205%3A%20Engine%20and%20Propeller%20(FAA%20Digital%20Photo)-Master.PDF - Photo 6: Engine and Propeller (FAA Digital Photo) (item 16, .PDF, 4.6 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40313640&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%206%3A%20Engine%20and%20Propeller%20(FAA%20Digital%20Photo)-Master.PDF - Memo of Record - Minor (item 17, .PDF, 34 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40313736&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Memo%20of%20Record%20-%20Minor-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.