# NTSB ERA10CA076: Classic Waco YMF, N89B, Dunnellon, FL, November 16, 2009 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: November 16, 2009, 11:00 local (16:00 UTC) - Place: Dunnellon, FL - Coordinates: 29.056943, -82.372497 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=29.0569&lon=-82.3725&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing-landing roll: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report May 6, 2010 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Eastern Region Aviation - Parties: FAA/FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 75091 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ERA10CA076 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/75091/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=75091 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA10CA076 ## Probable cause The certified flight instructor’s delayed response to the student pilot's loss of directional control while landing, which resulted in a ground-loop. Contributing to the accident was the student pilot's loss of directional control. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Action: delayed action](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041025): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Instructor/check pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Classic WACO YMF, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041025/cases.md?model=2240101), [All aircraft, 894 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041025/cases.md) - [Action: incorrect action performance](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041015): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Student/instructed pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Classic WACO YMF, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041015/cases.md?model=2240101), [All aircraft, 1,386 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041015/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Classic WACO YMF, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md?model=2240101), [All aircraft, 3,958 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing-landing roll: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) (defining event); cases with it: [Classic WACO YMF, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md?model=2240101), [All aircraft, 4,585 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300); cases with it: [Classic WACO YMF, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md?model=2240101), [All aircraft, 3,643 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md) ## Analysis The student pilot was receiving instruction in a tailwheel-equipped biplane from a certified flight instructor (CFI). During the second landing, the student pilot landed the airplane on the runway fast and bounced; the airplane started to veer left. The student pilot corrected with right rudder application. The CFI applied full left rudder when the airplane veered to the right again, which had no effect on the airplane’s direction of travel; the student pilot then applied right brake during the CFI’s correction. The airplane continued right until it ground-looped. The biplane incurred substantial damage to both upper wings and the left lower wing. The flight crew reported no mechanical deficiencies prior to the accident. ## Factual narrative The student pilot was receiving instruction in a tailwheel equipped biplane from a certified flight instructor (CFI). During the second landing, the student pilot landed the airplane on the runway fast and bounced; the airplane started to veer left. The student pilot corrected with right rudder application. The CFI applied full left rudder when the airplane veered to the right again, which had no effect on the airplane’s direction of travel; the student pilot then applied right brake during the CFI’s correction. The airplane continued right until it ground-looped. The biplane incurred substantial damage to both upper wings and left lower wing. The flight crew reported no mechanical deficiencies prior to the accident. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N89B](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N89B), registered now, S/N F5-006, built 1987 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CLASSIC AIRCRAFT CORP WACO YMF - Registry model: [Classic WACO YMF](https://openairdocs.org/model/classic-waco-ymf) (registry code 2240101) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Jacobs R755B series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/jacobs-r755b-series) (registry code 35007, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: F5-006 - Airframe hours: 2245 - Engines: JACOBS R755B SERIES 275 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Utility - Last inspection: Annual, July 13, 2009 - Departed: X49, Lakeland, FL - Destination: X35, Dunnellon, FL - Airport: X35, Dunnellon/Marion County, runway 27, 4,702 × 60 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 80; injuries: none; commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, with waivers/limitations; last flight review September 17, 2008; seat: rear; flight hours: 800 total, 7 in this make and model, 750 as pilot in command, 7 in the last 90 days, 4 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours - Flight instructor; age 65; injuries: none; commercial, flight instructor; airplane ratings: single-engine land, single-engine sea, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, with waivers/limitations; last flight review July 16, 2009; seat: front; flight hours: 5,840 total, 120 in this make and model, 5,616 as pilot in command, 76 in the last 90 days, 20 in the last 30 days, 2 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 270° at 3 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 68 °F, dew point 54 °F - Altimeter: 30.02 inHg - Observed at: OCF, 10 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20091116053199A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20091116053199A), Nov 16, 2009: Classic Air WACO YMF, Dunnellon, FL, Substantial damage. Aircraft departed shady airport (X49) enrout to Dunnellon airport 9X35) for landing practice. Abort first landing due to bounce second landing slight bounce… ## Other investigations on N89B (3) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB NYC06CA001](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC06CA001), Oct 2, 2005: Waco YMF (N89B), Kensington, NH, substantial damage. Probable cause: An overload fracture of the right main landing gear during the landing roll, which resulted in a nose over. - [NTSB MIA90LA098](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA90LA098), Mar 31, 1990: Waco YMF-5 (N89B), Marathon, FL, substantial damage. Probable cause: FAILURE OF THE PILOT TO MAINTAIN DIRECTIONAL CONTROL DURING TAKEOFF, WHICH RESULTED IN AN INADVERTENT GROUND SWERVE. FACTORS RELATED TO THE ACCIDENT WERE: THE CROSSWIND, THE PILOT'S EXCESSIVE… - [NTSB MIA90IA020](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA90IA020), Oct 31, 1989: Classic YMF-5 (N89B), Marathon, FL, incident, minor damage. Probable cause: THE PILOT'S INCORRECT ELEVATOR CONTROL WHILE TAXIING WITH A QUARTERING TAILWIND. CONTRIBUTING TO THE INCIDENT WAS THE TAILWIND CONDITION. ## Docket (1 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on February 9, 2010, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=75091. 749 KB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 749 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40323342&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Redacted.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.