# NTSB ERA11LA213: Holst Lawrence E VP-1, N770VP, Calhoun, GA, March 25, 2011 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: March 25, 2011, 17:38 local (21:38 UTC) - Place: Calhoun, GA - Coordinates: 34.455276, -84.938888 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=34.4553&lon=-84.9389&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Initial climb](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/350) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Initial climb: Loss of engine power (partial)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/342) - Highest injury: Minor injuries - Injuries: 1 minor - Status: Completed, report August 11, 2011 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Eastern Region Aviation - Parties: FAA Atlanta FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 78683 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ERA11LA213 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/78683/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=78683 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA11LA213 ## Probable cause A partial loss of engine power during initial climb due to an over-lean carburetor setting. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's improper adjustment of the engine's carburetor during construction. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Engine fuel and control: fuel control/carburetor](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01057322): Aircraft › Aircraft power plant · Incorrect service/maintenance (probable cause); cases with it: [Holst Lawrence E VP-1, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01057322/cases.md?model=056284V), [All aircraft, 195 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01057322/cases.md) - [Action: incorrect action performance](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041015): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Owner/builder (probable cause); cases with it: [Holst Lawrence E VP-1, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041015/cases.md?model=056284V), [All aircraft, 1,386 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041015/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Initial climb: Loss of engine power (partial)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/342) (defining event); cases with it: [Holst Lawrence E VP-1, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/342/sequence.md?model=056284V), [All aircraft, 1,858 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/342/sequence.md) - [Emergency descent: Off-field or emergency landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/440); cases with it: [Holst Lawrence E VP-1, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/440/sequence.md?model=056284V), [All aircraft, 3,365 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/440/sequence.md) - [Landing-flare/touchdown: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Holst Lawrence E VP-1, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=056284V), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot stated that this was the airplane's first flight after construction. He said that he conducted a preflight inspection and engine run up, and no anomalies were noted. The cylinder head temperature was in the yellow prior to initiating the takeoff roll. At 200 feet above ground level on the initial climb, the engine experienced a partial loss of engine power, and the pilot noted that the cylinder head temperature was in the red arc. He turned the airplane to the left, looked for a forced landing area, pulled the power back and performed a forced landing to an open field. The airplane landed hard and sustained substantial damage to the airframe. The pilot stated that he followed the carburetor adjustment procedure for the main carburetor jet adjustment in accordance with the airplane's adjustment procedure manual. He said that during the adjustment he set the main jet adjustment to the lean point of the setting. After running up the engine, he re-adjusted it to a leaner point from the initial adjustment. Postaccident examination of the airframe, flight controls, engine assembly and accessories revealed no anomalies other than the carburetor adjustment. ## Factual narrative On March 25, 2011, at 1738 eastern daylight time, a Holst experimental amateur-built VP-1 Volksplane, N770VP, registered to a private owner experienced a partial loss of engine power on initial takeoff climb from Tom B. Field (CZL), Calhoun, Georgia. The pilot made a forced landing to an open field and the airplane sustained structural damage to the fuselage. The personal flight was operated under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91. No flight plan was filed and visual meteorological conditions prevailed. The commercial pilot reported minor injuries. The flight originated from CZL at 1730. The pilot stated this was the maiden flight since he had built the airplane. No anomalies were noted during the preflight inspection. The airplane contained 8 gallons of fuel and no water was present in the fuel tank or gascolator. The pilot conducted the engine start with the checklist, and two engine run ups, and no anomalies were noted. The carburetor heat was checked and a drop in engine rpm was observed. The pilot taxied into position and cylinder head temperature was in the yellow arc. He initiated the takeoff and was on initial takeoff climb at 200 feet above ground level when the engine started "surging" from a high power setting to a low power setting. The cylinder head temperature was in the red arc. The pilot turned the airplane to the left looking for a forced landing area. He pulled the power back and initiated a forced landing to an open field. The airplane landed hard, resulting in structural damage to the airframe. A review of the aircraft logbooks revealed the last condition inspection was conducted on December 28, 2010. No Hobbs meter was installed on the airplane and it had been operated about 8 minutes since the condition inspection. The airplane was equipped with a Volkswagen 218OCC, 75 horsepower carburetor engine. Examination of the airplane revealed the propeller assembly remained attached to the propeller crankshaft propeller flange. One wood propeller blade was separated about 10 inches outboard of the propeller hub. The remaining propeller blade remained attached to the propeller hub. The engine cowling was crushed and separated and the engine assembly was separated from the engine mounts and the firewall. The forward cabin area was crushed aft into the pilot seat. The instrument panel was destroyed. The throttle and carburetor heat control was partially destroyed, although still attached to a separated section of the instrument panel. The throttle was in idle position and the carburetor heat control was off. A fuel selector valve was not installed. The fuel tank was ruptured and about 8 ounces of fuel was present in the fuel tank and the gascolator was not contaminated. Continuity of the flight controls was confirmed from the control stick aft to all flight control surfaces. The forward half of the cabin seat was deformed. The seatbelt and shoulder harness were in use at the time of the accident. The right wingremained attached to the wing root and was damage. The remaining section of the leading edge was not damaged. Both right wing struts remained attached to the wing. The aft wing strut was attached to the fuselage aft bulkhead and the forward wing strut was attached to the fuselage. The right aileron was not damaged and remained attached at all hinge points. The right main landing gear was separated from the wing. The empennage was intact with the elevators, vertical stabilizer, and rudder. The fuselage was destroyed from pilot seat extending aft 6 feet. The left wing separated at the wing root. The leading edge of the wing was perpendicular with the ground. Both wing struts remained attached to the wing but were separated from the fuselage. The left aileron was damaged and half of the aileron was separated from the wing. Three feet of the outboard wing was separated and crushed. The left main landing gear separated from the wing. Continuity of the engine internal components was confirmed. The engine had two sources for ignition, one magneto and one distributer, along with two spark plugs for each cylinder. Cylinder compression was confirmed along with ignition. Both engine valve covers were missing from the engine, however valve train continuity was confirmed. Spark plugs were removed and inspected and exhibited normal wear. The pilot stated to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector that he followed the carburetor adjustment procedure for the main carburetor jet adjustment in accordance with the Zenith Carburetor adjustment procedure manual. He confirmed that during the adjustment he set the main jet adjustment to the lean point of the setting. After running up the engine the main jet was subsequently re-adjusted further to a leaner point from the initial adjustment. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N770VP](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N770VP), registered now, S/N 001, built 2011 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: HOLST LAWRENCE E VP-1 - Registry model: [Holst Lawrence E VP-1](https://openairdocs.org/model/holst-lawrence-e-vp-1) (registry code 056284V) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Amateur-built UNKNOWN ENG](https://openairdocs.org/engine/amateur-built-unknown-eng) (registry code 99999) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane, amateur-built - Serial number: 001 - Airframe hours: 0 - Engines: Volkswagen 2180CC 75 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Holst Lawrence E - Registered owner: Holst Lawrence E - Airworthiness certificate: Special, Experimental (Special) - Last inspection: Condition, December 29, 2010, 0 hours before - Departed: CZL, Calhoun, GA - Destination: CZL, Calhoun, GA ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 55; injuries: minor; flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, without waivers/limitations; last flight review May 29, 2009; seat: front; flight hours: 1,500 total, 0 in this make and model, 1,450 as pilot in command, 4 in the last 90 days, 0 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 260° at 3 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 9,000 ft overcast - Temperature: 64 °F, dew point 36 °F - Altimeter: 29.89 inHg - Observed at: RMG, 12 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20110325005759A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20110325005759A), Mar 25, 2011: Holst Lawrence E VP-1, Calhoun, GA, Destroyed. A Holst VP-1 experimental amateur built volksplane, N770VP, departed on its first flight and flew for approxiamately eight minutes before making a forced… ## Docket (15 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on June 15, 2011, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=78683. 4.8 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 318 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40345665&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Redacted.PDF - Pilot Emails (item 2, .PDF, 76 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40346820&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%20Emails-Redacted.PDF - Pilot Follow Up Statement (item 3, .PDF, 48 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40346764&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%20Follow%20Up%20Statement-Redacted.PDF - Pilot Initial Interview Summary (item 4, .PDF, 40 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40345666&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%20Initial%20Interview%20Summary-Redacted.PDF - Witness Statement (item 5, .PDF, 9 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40346491&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Witness%20Statement-Redacted.PDF - FAA Inspector Statement (item 6, .PDF, 102 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40346493&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=FAA%20Inspector%20Statement-Master.PDF - Extract Zenith Carburetors (item 7, .PDF, 282 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40346494&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Extract%20Zenith%20Carburetors-Master.PDF - Photo 1 Front view of airplane. Photo FAA (item 8, .PDF, 71 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40345668&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%201%20Front%20view%20of%20airplane.%20Photo%20FAA-Master.PDF - Photo 2 Looking forward at separated engine assembly. Photo FAA. (item 9, .PDF, 607 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40345669&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%202%20Looking%20forward%20at%20separated%20engine%20assembly.%20Photo%20FAA.-Master.PDF - Photo 3 View of right side and right wing. Photo FAA (item 10, .PDF, 516 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40345670&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%203%20View%20of%20right%20side%20and%20right%20wing.%20Photo%20FAA-Master.PDF - Photo 4 View of right rear of airplane. Photo FAA (item 11, .PDF, 508 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40345672&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%204%20View%20of%20right%20rear%20of%20airplane.%20Photo%20FAA-Master.PDF - Photo 5 View of rear of airplane. Photo FAA (item 12, .PDF, 524 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40345673&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%205%20View%20of%20rear%20of%20airplane.%20Photo%20FAA-Master.PDF - Photo 6 View of cabin area and left and right wing. Photo FAA (item 13, .PDF, 549 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40345674&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%206%20View%20of%20cabin%20area%20and%20left%20and%20right%20wing.%20Photo%20FAA-Master.PDF - Photo 7 View of left rear of airplane. Photo FAA (item 14, .PDF, 524 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40345675&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%207%20View%20of%20left%20rear%20of%20airplane.%20Photo%20FAA-Master.PDF - Photo 8 View of the bottom of the left wing. Photo FAA (item 15, .PDF, 579 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40345676&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%208%20View%20of%20the%20bottom%20of%20the%20left%20wing.%20Photo%20FAA-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.