# NTSB ERA14FA044: Focke-Wulf FWP 149D, N132FW, Kenansville, NC, November 17, 2013

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · Fatal · Field investigation · Final report
- Date: November 17, 2013, 05:55 local (10:55 UTC)
- Place: Kenansville, NC
- Coordinates: 35.01472, -77.960556
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=35.0147&lon=-77.9606&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Defining event: [Approach: Controlled flight into terr/obj (CFIT)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/120)
- Highest injury: Fatal
- Injuries: 1 fatal
- Status: Completed, report April 7, 2015
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB office: Eastern Region Aviation
- Parties: Lycoming Engines, FAA
- NTSB case key (mKey): 88447
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ERA14FA044
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/88447/pdf
- NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=88447
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA14FA044

## Probable cause

The pilot’s loss of control in instrument meteorological conditions for reasons that could not be determined because examination of the airframe and engine revealed no anomalies that would have precluded normal operation. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s self-induced pressure to make the flight.

## Findings

NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause.

- [Ceiling/visibility/precip: fog](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035055): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operation; cases with it: [Focke-Wulf FWP 149D, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035055/cases.md?model=3540106), [All aircraft, 78 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035055/cases.md)
- [Personality/attitude: motivation/respond to pressure](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021025): Personnel issues › Psychological · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Focke-Wulf FWP 149D, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021025/cases.md?model=3540106), [All aircraft, 53 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021025/cases.md)
- [Mental/emotional state: stress](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02022510): Personnel issues › Psychological · Pilot; cases with it: [Focke-Wulf FWP 149D, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02022510/cases.md?model=3540106), [All aircraft, 14 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02022510/cases.md)
- [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Focke-Wulf FWP 149D, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=3540106), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md)
- [Performance/control parameters](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062000): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Focke-Wulf FWP 149D, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062000/cases.md?model=3540106), [All aircraft, 1,269 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062000/cases.md)
- [Ceiling/visibility/precip: low ceiling](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035010): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operation; cases with it: [Focke-Wulf FWP 149D, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035010/cases.md?model=3540106), [All aircraft, 190 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035010/cases.md)
- [Ceiling/visibility/precip: low visibility](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035015): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operation; cases with it: [Focke-Wulf FWP 149D, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035015/cases.md?model=3540106), [All aircraft, 175 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035015/cases.md)

## Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened.

- [Approach: Controlled flight into terr/obj (CFIT)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/120) (defining event); cases with it: [Focke-Wulf FWP 149D, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/120/sequence.md?model=3540106), [All aircraft, 1,074 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/120/sequence.md)

## Analysis

According to the pilot's wife, the pilot departed on a cross-country flight to attend a friend's funeral. He told her that he intended to stop to purchase fuel at an airport 20 miles from the departure airport. Although she reported that the pilot had indicated to her the night before the accident that he was concerned about a cold front that was moving in, it could not be determined whether he consulted any weather resources before the flight, and there was no record that he obtained an official preflight weather briefing. The pilot departed without filing an instrument flight rules flight plan for the flight; instrument meteorological conditions existed at the time of departure. A witness at the departure airport reported that he observed an airplane taxiing and heard it depart and that the weather at the time was very foggy. A review of air traffic control radar data showed the airplane 1 mile north of the departure airport tracking northwest toward the intended fuel stop destination, and the last radar target was 8 miles northwest of the departure airport. The airplane's wreckage was located in a wooded area resting nose-down at the base of a tree 1/2 mile from the destination airport. All flight control surfaces and major components were located at the accident site. Postaccident examination of the airframe and engine revealed no anomalies that would have precluded normal operation. The reported weather conditions at both airports about the time of the accident included low ceilings and low visibility; fog was reported at the destination airport, and the departure airport had been reporting overcast ceilings at 200 ft above ground level for several hours before the flight departed. It is likely that the pilot placed pressure upon himself to make the flight because he was going to attend his friend's funeral.

## Factual narrative

HISTORY OF FLIGHT On November 17, 2013, about 0555 eastern standard time, a Focke-Wulf FWP 149D, N132FW, was destroyed while on approach to Duplin County Airport (DPL), Kenansville, North Carolina. The commercial pilot was fatally injured. The airplane was registered to and operated by the pilot under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 91 as a personal flight. Instrument meteorological conditions prevailed, and no flight plan was filed. The airplane departed the Albert J. Ellis Airport (OAJ), Jacksonville, North Carolina at 0543, which is 20.9 nautical miles southeast of DPL. According to the wife of the pilot, he was planning a flight to Michigan to attend a funeral of a friend. On the night before the accident, the pilot told his wife that he had planned to leave in the morning, depending on the weather, but he did not give a definite time. He went on to say that he would stop in Henderson Field Airport, Wallace, North Carolina (ACZ), for fuel and then stop at a midway point to refuel again before continuing to Michigan. He said that there was a cold front moving in, and he was keeping an eye on it and needed to be prepared. The pilot's wife asked him to call her when he left and landed. On November 18, 2013, after attempts to contact the pilot were unsuccessful, the local authorities and the Federal Aviation Administration were notified by the pilot's wife that his airplane had not arrived at his destination airport. An immediate search began, and an Alert Notice (ALNOT) was issued. The airplane was located by ground crews on the evening of November 18, at 2213. According to a lineman at OAJ, on the morning of the accident, he noticed an airplane taxing on the ramp. He was able to see the aircraft beacon and a silhouette of the airplane but was unable to see the registration number of the aircraft. Shortly thereafter, he heard the airplane takeoff and head towards the west. He recalled that the weather at the time was very foggy. PERSONNEL INFORMATION The pilot, age 37, held a commercial pilot certificate for airplane single-engine land with instrument airplane issued January 7, 2011, and a second-class airman medical certificate issued February 13, 2009, with no limitations. Review of the pilot's logbook revealed that he accumulated 656 flight hours as pilot in command and a total of 695 in make and model. Further review revealed that 23 flight hours were completed within the last 30 days before the accident. It was also noted that the pilot had a total of 62.8 hours of actual instrument time and a total of 50.8 hours of simulated instrument (HOOD) time. AIRCRAFT INFORMATION The three-seat, low-wing, retractable-gear airplane, serial number 132, was manufactured in 1960. It was powered by a Lycoming Flugmotor GO-480-BIA6, serial number L4506, 264-horsepower engine equipped with MT propeller D94315. Review of copies of maintenance logbook records showed a conditional inspection was completed February 19, 2013, at arecorded airframe total time of 4,308.3 hours and a total time of 5,160.6 hours. Examination of the airplane revealed that the airplane was equipped with the required instruments and equipment required for instrument flight in accordance with CFR part 91, Subpart C, 91.205. According to a lineman at OAJ, he assisted the pilot in servicing the nose strut two days prior to the accident. He stated that no other maintenance was performed on the airplane. AERODROME INFORMATION Duplin County Airport is a non-towered airport with a field elevation of 134.5 feet. The airport was equipped with a single asphalt runway 5/23 (6,002 feet long and 75 feet wide). The runway was equipped with runway end identifier lights and precision approach path lights (PAPI). According to the airport manager the PAPI lights were out of service and all other lighting systems were operational. The runway was not equipped with runway edge lights or touchdown point lights and there is a published localizer instrument procedure for the airport. METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION There was no record that the pilot obtained an official preflight weather briefing. The recorded weather at the OAJ at an elevation of 93 feet, revealed at 0555, conditions were winds calm, cloud conditions overcast at 200 feet above ground level (agl). Visibility 1/2 mile, temperature 54 degrees Celsius (C); dew point 52 degrees C; altimeter 30.16 inches of mercury. A review of the recorded weather observations for OAJ revealed that all reports between 0335 and 0955 reported overcast ceilings at 200 feet agl. The recorded weather at DPL at an elevation of 137 feet, revealed at 0555, conditions were winds calm, cloud conditions overcast at 100 feet agl, visibility 1/2 mile and fog, temperature 54 degrees Celsius (C); dew point 54 degrees C; altimeter 30.17 inches of mercury. COMMUNICATIONS Radar data was reviewed from the New River Marine Corps Air Station (NCA), Jacksonville, North Carolina. It revealed that, on November 17, 2013, between the hours of 0525 local until 0555 local, a primary target was observed 1 mile north of OAJ tracking northwest toward DPL. The primary target appeared on the scope at 0543:52. No secondary target was observed. Radar was lost at 0546:27, and then reappeared at 0546:45. The target was again lost 8 miles northwest of OAJ, or 20 miles northwest of NCA, at 0547:57, and the target did not reappear. The airplane was not transmitting a mode C signal during the flight. WRECKAGE AND IMPACT INFORMATION The wreckage was located in a wooded area 1/2 mile from the approach end of runway 23 at DPL. All flight surfaces and major components were located at the accident site. The airplane was resting nose-down at the base of a tree. The wreckage debris path was about 100 yards long and on a magnetic heading of 230 degrees. The propeller and engine were buried about 4 feet in a crater. Examination of the cockpit revealed that it was crushed aft, and the instrument panel was crushed. The flightcontrols were still in their respective positions. The cockpit canopy was separated from the fuselage and located along the debris path. The flight instruments were impact-damaged. Both navigational indicators were captured at a heading of 230 degrees. Examination of the cockpit revealed control stick continuity from the stick to the bell crank and out to the flight control surfaces. The fuel selector valve was observed in the right tank position. The rudder pedals were connected to the rudder bar, and the rudder control cables were traced to the bell crank in the empennage out to the rudder. The left and right aileron trim tabs were impact-damaged, and the position was unreliable. The nose gear was observed broken off of the strut. Examination of the empennage revealed that the vertical and horizontal stabilizers were still attached and impact-damaged. The left and right horizontal stabilizers were buckled aft and revealed accordion crushing on the leading edge. The elevators were connected to the horizontal stabilizers and impact-damaged. Examination of the left wing revealed that it was separated from the fuselage at the wing root. The left wing was fragmented with accordion crushing on parts of leading edge. The left aileron was separated from the wing and located along the debris path and impact-damaged. Flight control cables were observed attached to the fragmented sections of the wing and exhibited overload fractures. The left flap assembly was separated from the wing and located along the debris path and impact- damaged. The left main landing gear was separated from the wing and located along the debris path. The left main fuel tank was breached and located in the wreckage debris path. The fuel cap was observed on a fragment of the wing and was locked with a tight seal. Examination of the right wing revealed that the wing was still attached to the fuselage. According crushing was observed along the leading edge and impact damage throughout the span of the wing. The wing tip was separated from the wing and located along the debris path. The aileron was attached to the wing and impact damaged. The flap assembly was attached to the wing and impact damaged. The position of the flap could not determine. The right main landing gear was in the down and locked position. The landing gear position switch was observed in the down position. The right main fuel tank cap was locked with a tight seal. Examination of the fuel tank revealed that approximately 5 gallons of fuel was observed in the tank and it was breached. The propeller remained attached to the gearbox driveshaft flange. The propeller spinner was partially crushed. The blade marked "A" exhibited twisting and curling of the outboard portion of the blade. The blade marked "B" was bent forward about mid-span and aft near the tip. That blade exhibited twisting and leading and trailing edge "S" bends. The blade marked "C" was curved aft about 90 degrees at about mid-span. Examination of theengine revealed that is was rotated by turning the propeller. Continuity of the crankshaft to the rear gears and to the valve train was confirmed. Compression and suction was observed from all six cylinders. All spark plugs were removed and exhibited dark gray color. The Nos.1 and 3 top and bottom spark plugs were oily. Oil drained from the No. 1 cylinder when the lower spark plug was removed and it was noted that when the airplane came to rest it was in a nose down position at the accident site. The interiors of the engine cylinders were examined using a lighted borescope and no anomalies noted. The pressure carburetor was fractured across the throttle bore and separated from the engine. The throttle and mixture controls were impact damaged and their positions were unreliable. The carburetor fuel inlet screen was unobstructed. The pressure regulator section was disassembled and no damage noted tor the rubber diaphragms. The engine driven fuel pump remained attached to the engine and no damage was noted. Liquid with an odor and color consistent with that of aviation gasoline ran from the pump inlet hose when the pump was removed. The fuel pump produced fuel from the outlet hose when the inlet hose was submerged in fuel and the pump drive rotated using a battery operated drill. At the conclusion of the engine examination no anomalies were noted that would have precluded normal operation.

## Aircraft

- Registration: [N132FW](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N132FW-2018-02-28), registration cancelled 2018-02-28, S/N 132, built 1960 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: FOCKE-WULF FWP 149D (D)
- Registry model: [Focke-Wulf FWP 149D](https://openairdocs.org/model/focke-wulf-fwp-149d) (registry code 3540106) (OpenAirDocs)
- Registry engine: [Lycoming GO-480-B1A6](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-go-480-b1a6) (registry code 42159, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 132
- Year built: 1960
- Airframe hours: 4763
- Engines: LYCOMING-BMW GO-480-B1A6 260 horsepower reciprocating
- Damage: Destroyed
- Flight: Personal, Part 91
- Operator: Parker Luke G
- Registered owner: Parker Luke G
- Airworthiness certificate: Special, Experimental (Special)
- Last inspection: Condition, February 19, 2013, 455 hours before
- Departed: OAJ, Jacksonville, NC
- Destination: DPL, Kenansville, NC
- Airport: DPL, Duplin County Airport, runway 23, 6,002 × 75 ft, asphalt

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 37; injuries: fatal; commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, without waivers/limitations; last flight review March 16, 2013; seat: left; restraint: 5-point; toxicology performed; flight hours: 743 total, 695 in this make and model, 656 as pilot in command

## Weather

- Conditions: Instrument (IMC), Night/dark
- Wind: calm
- Visibility: 0 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: 100 ft overcast
- Temperature: 54 °F, dew point 54 °F
- Altimeter: 30.17 inHg
- Observed at: DPL, 5 nm away

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 20131117024329A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20131117024329A), Nov 17, 2013: Focke-Wulf FWP 149D, Kenansville, NC, Destroyed, 1 fatal. On November 19,2013 I traveled with inspector bernhardt to investigate a fatal crash of a Focke-Wulf model :FWP149D N132FW that was destroyed when it impacted…

## Docket (28 files)

The files NTSB released with the investigation on March 26, 2015, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=88447. 74.4 MB in all.

- Statement of Wife (item 1, .PDF, 148 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424004&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Statement%20of%20Wife-Redacted.PDF
- Search and Rescue Timeline and Notes (item 2, .PDF, 1.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424005&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Search%20and%20Rescue%20Timeline%20and%20Notes-Master.PDF
- Radar Data Review (item 3, .PDF, 25 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424006&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Radar%20Data%20Review-Redacted.PDF
- Airport Conditions (item 4, .PDF, 22 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424007&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Airport%20Conditions-Redacted.PDF
- DPL (GPS) RWY 23 Approach Plate (item 5, .PDF, 108 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424008&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=DPL%20(GPS)%20RWY%2023%20Approach%20Plate-Master.PDF
- DPL LOC-NDB RWY 23 Approach Plate (item 6, .PDF, 100 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424009&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=DPL%20LOC-NDB%20RWY%2023%20Approach%20Plate-Master.PDF
- James Smith - Lineman Statement (item 7, .PDF, 184 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424010&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=James%20Smith%20-%20Lineman%20Statement-Redacted.PDF
- Record of Conversation - Smith (item 8, .PDF, 50 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424011&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Conversation%20-%20Smith-Master.PDF
- Record of Conversation - Futrelle-Airport Director (item 9, .PDF, 49 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424012&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Conversation%20-%20Futrelle-Airport%20Director-Master.PDF
- Record of Conversation - Airfield Operations Officer (item 10, .PDF, 50 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424014&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Conversation%20-%20Airfield%20Operations%20Officer-Master.PDF
- Card Activity History Report OAJ (item 11, .PDF, 172 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424013&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Card%20Activity%20History%20Report%20OAJ-Master.PDF
- Airport Logbook Pages (item 12, .PDF, 1.4 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424015&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Airport%20Logbook%20Pages-Redacted.PDF
- Engine Logbook Pages (item 13, .PDF, 675 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424018&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Engine%20Logbook%20Pages-Redacted.PDF
- Propeller Logbook Pages (item 14, .PDF, 369 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424022&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Propeller%20Logbook%20Pages-Redacted.PDF
- Logbook Maintenance Entry Page N132FW (item 15, .PDF, 160 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424024&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Logbook%20Maintenance%20Entry%20Page%20N132FW-Redacted.PDF
- Powell Avionics Maintenance Receipts Focke Wulf-2 (item 16, .PDF, 2.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424026&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Powell%20Avionics%20Maintenance%20Receipts%20Focke%20Wulf-2-Redacted.PDF
- Pilot Logbook Pages (item 17, .PDF, 4.5 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424032&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%20Logbook%20Pages-Redacted.PDF
- Alnot N132FW (item 18, .PDF, 11 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424038&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=ALNOT%20N132FW-Redacted.PDF
- Toxicology Report (item 19, .PDF, 126 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424037&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Toxicology%20Report-Master.PDF
- Certification of Party Representative (item 20, .PDF, 237 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424039&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Certification%20of%20Party%20Representative-Redacted.PDF
- Photo 1 - Main Wreckage (item 21, .PDF, 9.1 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424040&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%201%20-%20Main%20Wreckage-Master.PDF
- Photo 2 - Main Wreckage (item 22, .PDF, 8.0 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424041&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%202%20-%20Main%20Wreckage-Master.PDF
- Photo 3 - Cockpit (item 23, .PDF, 8.5 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424042&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%203%20-%20Cockpit-Master.PDF
- Photo 4 - Main Wreckage-Left Side (item 24, .PDF, 10.0 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424043&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%204%20-%20Main%20Wreckage-Left%20Side-Master.PDF
- Photo 5 - Underside of Wreckage (item 25, .PDF, 9.8 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424044&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%205%20-%20Underside%20of%20Wreckage-Master.PDF
- Photo 6 - Vertical and Horizontal Stabilizer (item 26, .PDF, 6.4 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424045&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%206%20-%20Vertical%20and%20Horizontal%20Stabilizer-Master.PDF
- Photo 7 - Left Wing Fragments and Flap (item 27, .PDF, 8.4 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424046&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%207%20-%20Left%20Wing%20Fragments%20and%20Flap-Master.PDF
- Photo 8 - Engine and Propeller (item 28, .PDF, 2.5 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40424047&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%208%20-%20Engine%20and%20Propeller-Master.PDF

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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