# NTSB ERA16LA181: Maule M 7-235B, N367FS, Littleton, NC, April 24, 2016 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: April 24, 2016, 15:00 local (19:00 UTC) - Place: Littleton, NC - Coordinates: 36.479442, -77.923614 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=36.4794&lon=-77.9236&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing-flare/touchdown: Hard landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 3 uninjured - Status: Completed, report May 1, 2017 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Eastern Region Aviation - Parties: FAA/FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 93156 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ERA16LA181 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/93156/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=93156 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA16LA181 ## Probable cause The pilot's improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing and subsequent damage to the left float. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Performance/control parameters: landing flare](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062041): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Maule M-7-235B, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062041/cases.md?model=5460109), [All aircraft, 1,285 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062041/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Maule M-7-235B, 7 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=5460109), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing-flare/touchdown: Hard landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092) (defining event); cases with it: [Maule M-7-235B, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/sequence.md?model=5460109), [All aircraft, 2,102 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230); cases with it: [Maule M-7-235B, 8 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md?model=5460109), [All aircraft, 4,585 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Nose over/nose down](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096); cases with it: [Maule M-7-235B, 5 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096/sequence.md?model=5460109), [All aircraft, 2,287 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096/sequence.md) ## Analysis The private pilot had owned the amphibious airplane for 3 weeks, and had performed about 30 water landings in the airplane. The pilot stated that, during takeoff on the accident flight, the airplane was veering "severely" to the left; however, he continued the takeoff. The flight was unremarkable, and the pilot returned to the lake to land the airplane. Upon touchdown, the airplane veered to the left, nosed over, and came to rest inverted. The passenger stated that the airplane bounced during the landing, and a witness stated that the airplane landed "hard" on the water, bounced about 10 ft into the air, then impacted the water again. Examination of the left float skin revealed signatures consistent with overstress failure. It is likely that the pilot's hard, bounced landing resulted in the failure of the left float skin. ## Factual narrative On April 24, 2016, about 1500 eastern daylight time, an amphibious Maule M7 235-B, N367FS, was substantially damaged while attempting to land on a lake near Littleton, North Carolina. The private pilot and two passengers were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan was filed for the personal flight, which departed the lake around 1445. The airplane was owned and operated by the pilot/owner and the flight was conducted under the provisions of Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91.According to the pilot, he owned the airplane for three weeks, and had performed about 30 water landings. He performed a preflight inspection, noted the tiedown ropes were tight, but did not find any other anomalies with the airplane. During the takeoff, the pilot noticed that the airplane was veering "severely" to the left; however, he continued the takeoff. The flight was unremarkable, and the pilot returned to the lake to land the airplane. The pilot performed a "normal" landing; however, when the airplane touched down, it veered to the left, nosed over, and came to rest in the water. The pilot and passengers egressed without incident. According to a passenger, the airplane departed the lake and it was a "smooth" flight. When they returned to the lake to land, the "rear of the floats touched [the water] followed by a small hop." According to a witness who was on the lake at the time of the accident, the airplane approached the lake "hot" and "hit the water hard." He watched the airplane bounce about 10 feet into the air and then impact the water again. Then, the wing tip struck the water and the airplane nosed over. According to Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) records, the airplane was manufactured in 2005, was registered to the pilot in April 2016. It was equipped with a Lycoming O-540 series engine. According to airplane maintenance logbooks, the most recent annual inspection was completed on March 2, 2016, and at that time, the airplane had accumulated 1,090.8 hours of total time. According to the pilot, he held a private pilot certificate for airplane single-engine land and single-engine sea. His most recent third-class medical certificate was issued on April 20, 2016. He reported 1,900 hours of flight experience, of which, 25 hours were in the same make and model as the accident airplane. A postaccident examination of the airframe, by an FAA inspector, revealed that the bottom of the left float skin was partially separated along a rivet line. In addition, the left float was bent in a positive direction, about 20 degrees. The wings, rudder, and fuselage were substantially damaged in the accident sequence. Flight control continuity was confirmed from the cockpit to all control surfaces and the four landing gear tires were in the retracted position. Sections of the left float skin were sent to the NTSB Materials Laboratory for further examination. The fracture surfaces were examined visually and exhibited a roughtexture with a dull luster. No evidence was noted of corrosion on the fracture surfaces. Overall, the fracture surfaces were consistent with failure from overstress on a thin-walled structure. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N367FS](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N367FS), registered now, S/N 23089C (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: MAULE M 7-235B (235B) - Registry model: [Maule M-7-235B](https://openairdocs.org/model/maule-m-7-235b) (registry code 5460109) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 23089C - Year built: 2005 - Airframe hours: 1090.8 - Engines: Lycoming O-540 235 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, March 2, 2016, 55 hours before - Departed: NONE, Littleton, NC - Destination: NONE, Littleton, NC - Airport: NONE, Lake - Equipment: None ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 58; injuries: none; private; airplane ratings: single-engine sea, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, without waivers/limitations; last flight review October 16, 2014; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 1,900 total, 25 in this make and model, 1,850 as pilot in command, 50 in the last 90 days, 30 in the last 30 days, 3 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: calm - Visibility: 4 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 68 °F, dew point 36 °F - Altimeter: 30.13 inHg - Observed at: AVC, 14 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20160424006239A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20160424006239A), Apr 24, 2016: Maule M-7-235B, Littleton, NC, Substantial damage. Maule on amphibious floats took off with the pilot and two passengers onboard for a local sight seeing flight. Upon landing the left float was damaged causing… ## Docket (9 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on March 29, 2017, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=93156. 6.7 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 1.8 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40450430&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Record of Conversation with Pilot (item 2, .PDF, 52 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40450432&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Conversation%20with%20Pilot-Master.PDF - Passenger Interview Summary (item 3, .PDF, 249 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40450433&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Passenger%20Interview%20Summary-Master.PDF - Witness Interview Summary (item 4, .PDF, 233 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40450434&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Witness%20Interview%20Summary-Master.PDF - Diagram of Float Section Sent to NTSB Laboratory (item 5, .PDF, 22 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40450435&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Diagram%20of%20Float%20Section%20Sent%20to%20NTSB%20Laboratory-Master.PDF - Materials Laboratory Factual Report (item 6, .PDF, 3.5 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40450436&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Materials%20Laboratory%20Factual%20Report-Master.PDF - Most Recent Maintenance (item 7, .PDF, 144 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40450437&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Most%20Recent%20Maintenance-Master.PDF - Weather Observations (item 8, .PDF, 139 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40450438&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Weather%20Observations-Master.PDF - Photo Array (item 9, .PDF, 592 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40450439&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%20Array-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.