# NTSB ERA17LA113: Cirrus SR20, N255JB, Daytona Beach, FL, February 24, 2017 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: February 24, 2017, 06:39 local (11:39 UTC) - Place: Daytona Beach, FL - Coordinates: 29.070833, -81.070831 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=29.0708&lon=-81.0708&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Initial climb](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/350) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Initial climb: Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240) - Highest injury: Serious injuries - Injuries: 2 serious - Status: Completed, report November 6, 2018 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Eastern Region Aviation - Parties: Continental, FAA/FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 94769 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ERA17LA113 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/94769/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=94769 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA17LA113 ## Probable cause The pilot's inadvertent encounter with instrument meteorological conditions (fog) during initial climb, which resulted in a loss of control due to spatial disorientation. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Attention/monitoring: monitoring environment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021545): Personnel issues › Psychological · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR20, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021545/cases.md?model=2130000), [All aircraft, 809 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021545/cases.md) - [Perception/orientation/illusion: spatial disorientation](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02022025): Personnel issues › Psychological · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR20, 5 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02022025/cases.md?model=2130000), [All aircraft, 358 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02022025/cases.md) - [Ceiling/visibility/precip: fog](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035055): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on personnel (probable cause); cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR20, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035055/cases.md?model=2130000), [All aircraft, 78 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035055/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Initial climb: Loss of control in flight](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240) (defining event); cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR20, 36 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240/sequence.md?model=2130000), [All aircraft, 5,002 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/240/sequence.md) - [Initial climb: Controlled flight into terr/obj (CFIT)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/120); cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR20, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/120/sequence.md?model=2130000), [All aircraft, 1,074 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/120/sequence.md) - [Initial climb: VFR encounter with IMC](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/401); cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR20, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/401/sequence.md?model=2130000), [All aircraft, 392 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/401/sequence.md) ## Analysis The instrument-rated private pilot had filed an instrument flight rules (IFR) flight plan for the cross-country flight, but intended to depart under visual flight rules conditions and open his IFR flight plan shortly after takeoff. He stated that, during the preflight inspection, he did not see any low clouds and was able to see stars above him. The airplane departed shortly before sunrise, and the pilot stated that, while retracting the flaps after takeoff, he encountered low-level fog about 300 ft agl and the airplane entered instrument meteorological conditions. The pilot made a right turn to avoid the final approach course to the opposite runway, then saw a tree and attempted to avoid impacting it; he then recalled waking up in the airplane on the ground. Weather conditions near the accident site about the time of the accident included scattered clouds at 500 ft and a visibility of 6 miles in mist. The series of events described by the pilot was consistent with a loss of control due to spatial disorientation, likely due to the unexpected loss of visibility during the initial climb. ## Factual narrative On February 24, 2017, about 0639 eastern standard time, a Cirrus SR-20, N255JB, was destroyed when it impacted terrain shortly after takeoff from Spruce Creek Airport (7FL6), Daytona Beach, Florida. The private pilot and passenger were seriously injured. Instrument meteorological conditions prevailed and an instrument flight rules (IFR) flight plan had been filed. The personal flight, destined for Lumberton Regional Airport (LBT) Lumberton, North Carolina, was conducted under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91. Track data obtained from Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) radar sensors depicted the airplane climbing out on runway heading to about 300 feet mean sea level, before beginning a descending right turn to the north. About two minutes later, radar contact was lost at an altitude of 50 feet on a northerly ground track. The pilot stated during the preflight he did not see any low clouds and was able to see stars above him. The pilot intended to depart under visual flight rules (VFR) and open his IFR flight plan after he had reached 1,000 ft. At sunrise, he departed under VFR, while retracting the flaps on initial climbout he encountered instrument meteorological conditions (IMC). He stated, "I was not able to see the low fog until I encountered it." He turned right to avoid any traffic that may have been on final approach to the opposite runway then suddenly he saw a tree. He maneuvered the airplane in an attempt to avoid the tree, then recalled being on the ground, upside down in the airplane. He stated he had not yet begun to transition to instrument flying when he encountered IMC. An FAA inspector examined the airplane at the accident site. According to the inspector, the engine was separated from the airframe. The wings, cockpit, fuselage, and empennage all sustained extensive impact damage. A postaccident examination of the airframe and engine revealed no preimpact mechanical anomalies that would have prevented normal operation of the airplane. The four-seat, low-wing, tricycle gear airplane was manufactured in 2000, and was equipped with a Continental IO-360. Its most recent inspection was completed in March 2017, at that time the airplane had 1,985 flight hours. The pilot held a private pilot certificate with a rating for airplane single engine land and instrument airplane. His most recent FAA third-class medical certificate was issued on July 31, 2017. The pilot reported 790 total hours of flight experience at the time of the accident, and about 80 hours of actual instrument time. The weather conditions reported at Dayton Beach Regional Airport, Daytona Beach, Florida, located about 7 nautical miles north of the accident site, at 0627, included scattered clouds at 500 feet, wind from 340 at 7 knots, visibility 6 statute miles, mist, temperature 19° C, dew point 19° C, and an altimeter setting 29.79 inches of mercury. Spatial Disorientation According to FAA Advisory Circular AC 60-4A, "Pilot's SpatialDisorientation," tests conducted with qualified instrument pilots indicated that it can take as long as 35 seconds to establish full control by instruments after a loss of visual reference of the earth's surface. AC 60-4A further states that surface references and the natural horizon may become obscured even though visibility may be above VFR minimums, and that an inability to perceive the natural horizon or surface references is common during flights over water, at night, in sparsely-populated areas, and in low-visibility conditions. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N255JB](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N255JB-2018-10-23), registration cancelled 2018-10-23, S/N 1059, built 2000 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CIRRUS SR20 - Registry model: [Cirrus Design SR20](https://openairdocs.org/model/cirrus-design-sr20) (registry code 2130000) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental IO-360 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-io-360-series) (registry code 17025, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 1059 - Year built: 2000 - Airframe hours: 1985 - Engines: Continental IO-360 reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, March 31, 2016 - Departed: 7FL6, Daytona Beach, FL - Destination: LBT, LUMBERTON, NC - Flight plan: IFR - Airport: 7FL6, Spruce Creek, runway 23, 4,000 × 176 ft, asphalt - Equipment: Auto-pilot, Electronic multifunction display, Airframe parachute, Stall warning system ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 65; injuries: serious; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, with waivers/limitations; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 790 total, 710 in this make and model, 700 as pilot in command, 30 in the last 90 days, 15 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Instrument (IMC), Dawn - Wind: 340° at 6 knots - Visibility: 6 statute miles - Temperature: 66 °F, dew point 66 °F - Altimeter: 29.79 inHg - Observed at: KDAB, 7 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20170224004039A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20170224004039A), Feb 24, 2017: Cirrus Design Corp SR20, Daytona Beach, FL, Destroyed. Daytona Beach, FL (7FL6): N255JB, SR20, crashed in a wooded area off bravo victor circle due to unknown reasons. POB: 2, injuries: critical, damage: destroyed.… ## Docket (4 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on June 27, 2018, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=94769. 6.5 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 5.4 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40464567&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Photo Array (item 2, .PDF, 203 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40464568&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%20Array-Master.PDF - Materials Laboratory Factual Report 17-071 (item 3, .PDF, 595 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40464569&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Materials%20Laboratory%20Factual%20Report%2017-071-Master.PDF - Statement of Party Representatives to NTSB Investigation (item 4, .PDF, 281 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40464570&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Statement%20of%20Party%20Representatives%20to%20NTSB%20Investigation-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.