# NTSB ERA17LA205: Cessna P206, N206TF, West Creek, NJ, June 13, 2017 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: June 12, 2017, 22:55 local (Jun 13, 2017, 02:55 UTC) - Place: West Creek, NJ - Coordinates: 39.667778, -74.309165 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=39.6678&lon=-74.3092&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Approach-VFR pattern downwind: Fuel related](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/190) - Highest injury: Minor injuries - Injuries: 1 minor - Status: Completed, report November 6, 2019 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Eastern Region Aviation - Parties: FAA/FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 95359 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ERA17LA205 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/95359/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=95359 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA17LA205 ## Probable cause The pilot's improper fuel management, which resulted in fuel starvation and the subsequent total loss of engine power. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Use of equip/info: use of equip/system](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna P206A, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015/cases.md?model=2073308), [All aircraft, 1,391 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015/cases.md) - [Fluids: fuel](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01071010): Aircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Fluid management (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna P206A, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01071010/cases.md?model=2073308), [All aircraft, 1,695 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01071010/cases.md) - [Object/animal/substance: tree(s)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022020): Environmental issues › Physical environment · Contributed to outcome; cases with it: [Cessna P206A, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022020/cases.md?model=2073308), [All aircraft, 933 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022020/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Approach-VFR pattern downwind: Fuel related](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/190) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna P206A, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/190/sequence.md?model=2073308), [All aircraft, 361 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/190/sequence.md) - [Approach-VFR pattern downwind: Loss of engine power (total)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341); cases with it: [Cessna P206A, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341/sequence.md?model=2073308), [All aircraft, 3,820 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341/sequence.md) - [Approach-VFR pattern downwind: Attempted remediation/recovery](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060); cases with it: [Cessna P206A, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md?model=2073308), [All aircraft, 1,422 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md) - [Emergency descent: Off-field or emergency landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/440); cases with it: [Cessna P206A, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/440/sequence.md?model=2073308), [All aircraft, 3,365 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/440/sequence.md) - [Emergency descent: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Cessna P206A, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=2073308), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) - [Landing-flare/touchdown: Nose over/nose down](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096); cases with it: [Cessna P206A, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096/sequence.md?model=2073308), [All aircraft, 2,287 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096/sequence.md) ## Analysis The commercial pilot was on the second leg of a postmaintenance flight. The first flight leg, which was about 1-hour long, was uneventful, and the pilot reported that the fuel selector was positioned to the right tank during this flight leg. He landed the airplane but did not purchase fuel before departing for the return leg. The pilot reported that, during the return leg, the fuel selector was positioned to the left tank. While on final approach to the airport, the pilot added power to go around. He turned onto the crosswind and then downwind legs of the airport traffic pattern, and while on the downwind leg, the engine lost all power. The pilot switched the fuel selector to the right tank, but engine power was not restored. Realizing that the airplane would be unable to reach the runway, the pilot conducted a forced landing in trees, and the airplane came to rest inverted. During postaccident examination, more than the unusable amount of fuel was drained from the left fuel tank, which was breached in two locations; only about 6 ounces of fuel were drained from the unbreached right fuel tank. No fuel was found in the engine-driven fuel pump or the flow divider, which is indicative of fuel starvation. Examination of the fuel supply system revealed no evidence of preimpact mechanical failures or malfunctions that would have precluded normal operation. The engine was started and operated briefly using the fuel that had been drained from the airplane with no discrepancies noted. Although the pilot stated that he conducted the entire second flight leg with the fuel selector positioned to the left tank and then switched to the right tank after the engine lost power, the fuel selector was found positioned to the left tank, which had more than the unusable amount of fuel. Therefore, it is likely that the pilot was approaching the airport with the fuel selector positioned to the right tank, which ran out of fuel, and that he then switched to the left tank too late to restore engine power. Given this and the lack of fuel in the engine-driven fuel pump and flow divider, it is likely that the pilot mismanaged the fuel, which resulted in the loss of all engine power. ## Factual narrative On June 12, 2017, about 2255 eastern daylight time, a Cessna P206A, N206TF, was substantially damaged during a forced landing while on approach to Eagles Nest Airport (31E), West Creek, New Jersey. The commercial pilot sustained minor injuries. The airplane was being operated under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 as a post-maintenance flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time and a visual flight rules flight plan was filed but not activated for the flight that originated about 1 hour earlier from Danbury Municipal Airport (DXR), Danbury, Connecticut.Two days earlier, 4 repaired cylinders were installed on the airplane's engine that required break-in. In preparation of the flight to break-in the cylinders, the pilot personally spoke with the mechanic and was given the procedures, which included operation of the engine at full rich, and to monitor the cylinder head temperature (CHT). He was also informed to check the fuselage belly for fresh oil. The pilot reported he personally filled both fuel tanks, bringing the total usable capacity in each tank to 31.5 gallons. He then flew the airplane on an uneventful 1 hour flight from 31E to DXR. The entire flight was performed with the fuel selector on the right tank, the mixture control in the full rich position, and the engine operating at 24 inches manifold pressure and 2,400 rpm. No engine discrepancies were noted during the flight, and no fuel was purchased while at DXR. Prior to departing DXR for the return flight to 31E, the pilot stated that he performed a "quick preflight inspection", and although the airplane was equipped with a dipstick to check the fuel quantity, he did not use it during his preflight inspection. The airplane departed with the fuel selector on the left tank position, the mixture control in the full rich position, and climbed at full power to 7,500 ft mean sea level (msl). The pilot maintained 24 inches manifold pressure and 2,400 rpm (same engine settings as the first leg), and flew to 31E while periodically scanning the engine gauges. While on final approach to runway 14, he realized the "sight picture" was not correct, and performed a go-around. He climbed to between 1,000 and 1,200 ft msl, then turned onto the crosswind and downwind legs of the airport traffic pattern. While on the downwind leg of the airport traffic pattern between 1,200 and 1,500 ft msl, before midfield, with the auxiliary fuel pump on, the engine sputtered and quit, and the propeller stopped. The pilot attempted to restart the engine which consisted of moving the fuel selector to the right tank position, verifying the mixture control was full rich, and advancing the throttle, but the engine did not restart. He turned onto the base leg of the airport traffic pattern, and flew towards the runway while maintaining best glide speed of 80 knots; however, the airplane impacted trees then the ground about 1/4 nautical mile before the runway, and came to restinverted. The fuel selector was not moved before exiting the airplane. Postaccident examination of the airplane by a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector revealed the fuel selector was positioned to the left fuel tank. About 2.5 gallons of fuel were drained from it which was breached in 2 locations, while about 6 ounces of fuel were drained from the un-breached right fuel tank. The ground beneath the left wing smelled of fuel, while the ground beneath the right fuel tank did not smell of fuel, and no fuel blight to vegetation was noted beneath the right fuel tank. No fuel stains were noted aft of either fuel cap. One propeller blade was slightly bent. Examination of the airplane by the same FAA inspector following recovery revealed fuel was present at the inlet and outlet of the auxiliary fuel pump, but no fuel was present at the inlet or outlet of the engine-driven fuel pump, or at the flow divider/manifold valve. With battery power applied, and a fuel supply provided, the auxiliary fuel pump provided fuel to the inlet and outlet of the engine-driven fuel pump. This was repeated with the fuel selector positioned to the left and right tank positions. There were no reported issues with the aircraft's fuel system. The propeller was rotated by hand and with a spark plug removed from each cylinder, suction and compression was noted in each cylinder. Also during hand rotation, the magnetos produced spark at all spark plugs. A temporary fuel supply was plumbed into the aircraft's fuel system, and the engine was started and operated for about 12 seconds. Safety concerns prevented a prolonged run or operation at a high power setting. No discrepancies were noted during the engine run. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N206TF](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N206TF-2017-10-27), registration cancelled 2017-10-27, S/N P206-0289, built 1966 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA P206 (A) - Registry model: [Cessna P206A](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-p206a) (registry code 2073308) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental IO-520 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-io-520-series) (registry code 17032, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: P206-0289 - Year built: 1966 - Airframe hours: 11950.8 - Engines: Continental IO-520-A 285 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Other work use, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: 100 hour, March 8, 2017, 34 hours before - Departed: DXR, Danbury, CT - Destination: 31E, West Creek, NJ - Flight plan: VFR - Airport: 31E, Eagles Nest Airport - Equipment: Stall warning system ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 36; injuries: minor; commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, without waivers/limitations; last flight review April 9, 2017; seat: left; restraint: lap only; flight hours: 1,050 total, 20 in this make and model, 930 as pilot in command, 89 in the last 90 days, 61 in the last 30 days, 8 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Not reported - Wind: 240° at 4 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 75 °F, dew point 64 °F - Altimeter: 29.98 inHg - Observed at: MJX, 16 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20170612007189A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20170612007189A), Jun 12, 2017: Cessna P206A, West Creek, NJ, Substantial damage. On Monday, 6/11/17, at approximately 2230 hours, the pilot began his descent and was near the approach end of rwy 14 at Eagles Nest Airport, NJ (31E) at 500 ft… ## Docket (5 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on July 24, 2019, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=95359. 5.5 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 2.4 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40474176&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Record of NTSB Conversations (item 2, .PDF, 135 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40474177&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20NTSB%20Conversations-Master.PDF - Weather Reports and Records (item 3, .PDF, 48 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40474178&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Weather%20Reports%20and%20Records-Master.PDF - Investigative Photographs (item 4, .PDF, 8 photos, 2.6 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40474179&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Investigative%20Photographs-Master.PDF - Release of Aircraft Wreckage, NTSB Form 6120.15 (item 5, .PDF, 255 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40474180&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Release%20of%20Aircraft%20Wreckage,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.15-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.