# NTSB ERA20CA125: Cessna 510, N163TC, Daytona Beach, FL, February 20, 2020 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: February 20, 2020, 12:45 local (17:45 UTC) - Place: Daytona Beach, FL - Coordinates: 29.181667, -81.054443 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=29.1817&lon=-81.0544&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing: Landing gear not configured](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/095) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report August 25, 2020 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: Eastern Region Aviation - Parties: FAA/FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 101067 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ERA20CA125 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/101067/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=101067 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA20CA125 ## Probable cause The pilot's failure to lower the landing gear before landing. Contributing to the accident was the examiner’s failure to check that the landing gear was extended. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Landing gear system: gear extension and retract sys](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023230): Aircraft › Aircraft systems · Not used/operated (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 510, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023230/cases.md?model=2076617), [All aircraft, 416 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023230/cases.md) - [Action: forgotten action/omission](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041035): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 510, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041035/cases.md?model=2076617), [All aircraft, 440 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041035/cases.md) - [Action: lack of action](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041030): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Designated examiner (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 510, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041030/cases.md?model=2076617), [All aircraft, 792 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041030/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing: Landing gear not configured](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/095) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 510, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/095/sequence.md?model=2076617), [All aircraft, 584 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/095/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot was receiving a checkride from a designated pilot examiner for his single-pilot type rating in a turbine airplane. After a series of maneuvers, emergencies, and landings, the examiner asked the pilot to complete a no-flap landing. The pilot reported that he performed the Before Landing checklist with no flaps and believed that he had put the gear down. During touchdown, the pilot felt a "thump" and thought a tire had blown; however, he saw that the landing gear handle was in the "up" position, and he noted that the landing gear warning horn did not sound because he had performed a no-flaps landing. The examiner confirmed that the landing gear handle was in the "up" position. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. A Federal Aviation Administration inspector who examined the airplane reported that the landing gear handle was in the "up" position and that the fuselage had sustained substantial damage. The landing gear was lowered and locked into place without issue after the airplane was lifted from the runway. ## Factual narrative The pilot was receiving a check ride from a designated pilot examiner for his single pilot rating in a turbine airplane. After a series of maneuvers, emergencies, and landings, the examiner asked the pilot to complete a no flap landing.The pilot reported that he performed the before landing checklist with zero flaps and believed he put the gear down. During touch down, the pilot felt a thump and thought the airplane had a blown tire, however, when he saw the landing gear handle, it was in the up position. The pilot further reported that the landing gear warning horn did not sound, because the flaps were in the up position. The examiner confirmed the landing gear handle was in the up position. The pilot stated that there were no mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. Examination of the airplane by a Federal Aviation Administration inspector revealed that the landing gear handle was found in the up position and the fuselage was substantially damaged. The landing gear was lowered and locked into place without issue after the airplane was lifted from the runway. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N163TC](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N163TC), registered now, S/N 510-0039, built 2007 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 510 (No Series) - Registry model: [Cessna 510](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-510) (registry code 2076617) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Pratt & Whitney Canada PW615F-A](https://openairdocs.org/engine/pratt-whitney-canada-pw615f-a) (registry code 52282, turbo-fan) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 510-0039 - Year built: 2007 - Airframe hours: 2380 - Engines: Pratt Whitney 615R-A 1460 lbs thrust turbo fan; Pratt Whitney 615R-A 1460 lbs thrust turbo fan - Damage: Substantial damage - Fire: On-Ground - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Continuous airworthiness, January 1, 2020 - Departed: DAB, Daytona Beach, FL - Destination: DAB, Daytona Beach, FL - Flight plan: IFR - Airport: DAB, Daytona Beach Intl, runway 07L, 10,500 × 150 ft, concrete - Equipment: Onboard weather, Auto-pilot, Angle of attack indicator, ADS-B ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 62; injuries: none; commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land, single-engine sea, multi-engine sea; instrument ratings: airplane, helicopter; medical: class 2, with waivers/limitations; last flight review December 12, 2019; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 2,533 total, 90 in this make and model, 2,460 as pilot in command, 53 in the last 90 days, 37 in the last 30 days, 24 in the last 24 hours - Other flight crew; age 33; injuries: none; airline transport, flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, without waivers/limitations; seat: right; restraint: 4-point; flight hours: 7,500 total ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 2,100 ft broken - Temperature: 75 °F, dew point 68 °F - Altimeter: 30.05 inHg - Observed at: KDAB ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20200220007499A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20200220007499A), Feb 20, 2020: Cessna 510, Daytona Beach, FL, Substantial damage. ATC reported aircraft landed and caught on fire. Fuselage and both engines were sprayed with fire retardant by local fire fighting unit. Investigation revealed… ## Docket (5 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on April 17, 2020, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=101067. 3.5 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 1.5 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40482577&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Memorandum for Record – Telephone Interview, Pilot (item 2, .PDF, 53 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40482578&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Memorandum%20for%20Record%20%E2%80%93%20Telephone%20Interview,%20Pilot-Master.PDF - Memorandum for Record – Telephone Interview, Examiner (item 3, .PDF, 52 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40482579&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Memorandum%20for%20Record%20%E2%80%93%20Telephone%20Interview,%20Examiner-Master.PDF - FAA Inspector's Statement (item 4, .PDF, 187 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40482580&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=FAA%20Inspector%27s%20Statement-Master.PDF - Investigative Photo's (item 5, .PDF, 1.6 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40482582&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Investigative%20Photo%27s-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.