# NTSB ERA21LA045: Cessna 172, N734JF, Manville, NJ, November 18, 2020 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report - Date: November 18, 2020, 11:43 local (16:43 UTC) - Place: Manville, NJ - Coordinates: 40.524444, -74.598306 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=40.5244&lon=-74.5983&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing-landing roll: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed - Report: Approved by Office Director - Investigation class: Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish - NTSB office: Eastern Region Aviation - Parties: FAA - NTSB case key (mKey): 102309 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ERA21LA045 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/102309/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=102309 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA21LA045 ## Probable cause The pilot's failure to maintain directional control while landing in a gusty crosswind, which resulted in a runway excursion and noseover. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Wind: gusts](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operation; cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 28 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045/cases.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 1,199 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 82 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 3,958 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Instructor/check pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 150 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing-landing roll: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 81 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 4,585 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 81 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 3,643 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md) ## Analysis After practicing flight maneuvers with his student in the training area, the flight instructor opted to fly the approach and landing due to the gusting crosswinds. On the first landing attempt, the wind was a direct 90° gusting crosswind. The instructor was unable to maintain the runway centerline using the wing low side-slip technique and executed a go-around maneuver. On the second attempt, following touchdown, the airplane veered left in the gusting crosswind. The instructor input full right aileron; however, the airplane travelled off the left side of the runway, hit a runway light, and nosed over after impacting the lip of a taxiway. The vertical stabilizer and rudder were substantially damaged. Postaccident examination of the airplane did not reveal evidence of any preimpact mechanical malfunctions or failures, nor did the flight instructor report any. The recorded wind at the nearest weather reporting facility, about 7 miles northwest of the accident airport, was a direct right crosswind at 13 knots, gusting to 25 knots at the time of the accident. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N734JF](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N734JF-2021-12-29), registration cancelled 2021-12-29, S/N 17268884, built 1977 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 172 (N) - Registry model: [Cessna 172N](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172n) (registry code 2072434) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-320-series) (registry code 41508, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 17268884 - Year built: 1978 - Airframe hours: 2515 - Engines: Lycoming O-320-H2AD 160 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal; Standard, Utility - Last inspection: Annual, June 1, 2020, 77 hours before - Destination: Same as departure - Airport: 47N, Central Jersey Regional Airport, runway 25, 3,507 × 50 ft, asphalt - Equipment: Stall warning system, ADS-B ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Flight instructor; age 32; injuries: none; commercial, flight instructor; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, without waivers/limitations; last flight review March 11, 2020; seat: right; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 638 total, 10 in this make and model, 484 as pilot in command, 189 in the last 90 days, 60 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours - Student pilot; age 52; injuries: none; student; medical: class 3, with waivers/limitations; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 17 total, 17 in this make and model ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 340° at 13 knots, gusting 25 - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 36 °F, dew point 12 °F - Altimeter: 30.48 inHg - Turbulence: Unknown - Observed at: KSMQ, 7 nm away - METAR: KSMQ 181653Z AUTO 34013G25KT 10SM FEW049 02/M11 A3048 RMK AO2 PK WND 30027/1629 SLP325 T00171106 ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20201118014659A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20201118014659A), Nov 18, 2020: Cessna 172N, Manville, NJ, Substantial damage. 11/18/2020, At approximately 17:00Z, Central Jersey Regional Airport (47N), a CE-172N, N734JF, veered off left side of runway 25 during landing. Aircraft came… ## Docket (5 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on June 24, 2021, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=102309. 5.3 MB in all. - Pilot/operator aircraft accident report, NTSB form 6120.1 (item 1, PDF, 11 pages, 2.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=11669644&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Signed%206120_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Pilot statements (item 2, PDF, 4 pages, 283 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=11669075&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Instructor%20and%20Student%20Statements_Redacted-Rel.pdf - FAA inspector's statement (item 3, PDF, 2 pages, 150 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=11670170&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=MOR%20FAA%20Correspondence-Rel.pdf - Area weather reports (item 4, PDF, 1 page, 151 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=11678493&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Area%20Weather%20Reports-Rel.pdf - Investigative photographs (item 5, PDF, 6 pages, 2.5 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=11669654&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=ERA21LA045%20Photo%20Array-Rel.pdf From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.