# NTSB ERA22LA023: Cessna 177, N3299T, Inverness, FL, October 14, 2021 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report - Date: October 14, 2021, 12:30 local (16:30 UTC) - Place: Inverness, FL - Coordinates: 28.799791, -82.318771 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=28.7998&lon=-82.3188&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing: Abnormal runway contact](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed - Report: Approved by Office Director - Investigation class: Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish - NTSB office: Eastern Region Aviation - Parties: FAA/FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 104140 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ERA22LA023 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/104140/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=104140 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22LA023 ## Probable cause The pilots inadequate recovery from a wind gust during landing, which resulted in a hard landing and substantial damage to the fuselage. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Performance/control parameters](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062000): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not specified (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 177, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062000/cases.md?model=2073704), [All aircraft, 1,269 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062000/cases.md) - [Info processing/decision: decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 177, 10 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md?model=2073704), [All aircraft, 3,098 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: landing flare](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062041): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 177, 8 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062041/cases.md?model=2073704), [All aircraft, 1,285 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062041/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 177, 20 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=2073704), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing: Abnormal runway contact](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 177, 6 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090/sequence.md?model=2073704), [All aircraft, 1,506 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot reported that after he crossed the runway threshold, he reduced power then encountered a gust of wind that caused the airplane to balloon between 50 and 100 ft. He reduced pitch, added about 100 rpm, then took that amount out, but the airplane landed hard, which resulted in substantial damage to the fuselage. He stopped the airplane, secured the engine and the airplane was towed to the ramp. The pilot reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions or anomalies that would have precluded normal operation. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N3299T](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N3299T), registered now, S/N 17700599, built 1967 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 177 - Registry model: [Cessna 177](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-177) (registry code 2073704) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-320-series) (registry code 41508, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 17700599 - Year built: 1967 - Airframe hours: 2904.97 - Engines: Lycoming O-320-E2D 150 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Aviation Trust Company LLC Trustee - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Utility; Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, August 7, 2021 - Departed: BKV, Brooksville, FL - Destination: Same as departure - Airport: INF, Inverness Airport, runway 01, 5,000 × 75 ft, asphalt - Equipment: Stall warning system, ADS-B ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 25; injuries: none; commercial, flight instructor; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, without waivers/limitations; last flight review December 2, 2020; seat: right; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 473 total, 40 in this make and model, 377 as pilot in command, 83 in the last 90 days, 38 in the last 30 days - Pilot-rated passenger; injuries: none; student; medical: class 3, without waivers/limitations; seat: left; restraint: 4-point; flight hours: 488 total, 0 in this make and model, 334 as pilot in command, 37 in the last 90 days, 27 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 60° at 7 knots - Visibility: 7 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 3,300 ft broken - Temperature: 84 °F, dew point 72 °F - Altimeter: 29.99 inHg - Turbulence: Moderate - Observed at: KINF, 1 nm away - METAR: KINF 141635Z AUTO 7SM BKN033 OVC041 29/22 A2999 RMK AO2 ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20211014020149A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20211014020149A), Oct 14, 2021: Cessna 177, Inverness, FL, Substantial damage. On Thursday, October 14, 2021, a Cessna 177, registered as N3299T, serial number 17700599, was involved in an accident at iverness airport (kinf) in iverness,… ## Docket (6 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on May 13, 2022, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=104140. 12.8 MB in all. - Pilot/operator aircraft accident report, NTSB form 6120.1 (item 1, PDF, 11 pages, 11.4 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=13182400&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=6120_1%20Master%20Form%20Completed_Recd%2011%205%202021_Redacted-Rel.pdf - NTSB record of conversation (item 2, PDF, 4 pages, 160 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12884676&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=NTSB%20Record%20of%20Conversation_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Memorandum for record - additional information from pilot-in-command regarding wind (item 3, PDF, 1 page, 177 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=12883786&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=FINAL%20MOR%20Responses%20from%20CFI%20to%20NTSB%20Questions_1%20Page_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Memorandum for record - damage information from insurance adjuster (item 4, PDF, 1 page, 131 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=13428748&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Memorandum%20For%20Record%20-Damage%20Information%20Fm%20Insurance%20Adjuster_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Investigative photographs (item 5, PDF, 5 pages, 5 photos, 839 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=13428573&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Investigative%20Photographs-Rel.pdf - Release of aircraft wreckage, NTSB form 6120.15 (item 6, PDF, 1 page, 67 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=13422818&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Fully%20Executed%20Wreckage%20Release%20Form_Redacted-Rel.pdf From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.