# NTSB ERA22LA287: Mantell Allan T Lightning, N51TM, Canandaigua, NY, June 21, 2022 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Serious injuries · Class 3 · Limited · Final report - Date: June 21, 2022, 13:55 local (17:55 UTC) - Place: Canandaigua, NY · In Field 0.52 nm and 349 degrees Fm Departure End of Runway 31 - Coordinates: 42.921573, -77.33595 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=42.9216&lon=-77.3359&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Unknown](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/990) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Unknown: Unknown or undetermined](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/000) - Highest injury: Serious injuries - Injuries: 1 serious - Status: Completed - Report: Approved by Office Director - Investigation class: Class 3 - NTSB office: Eastern Region Aviation - Parties: FAA/FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 105367 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ERA22LA287 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/105367/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=105367 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA22LA287 ## Probable cause The pilot’s performance of an off-airport landing shortly after takeoff for reasons that could not be determined. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Not determined](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000): Not determined › Not determined · Unknown/Not determined (probable cause); cases with it: [All aircraft, 2,247 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/05000000/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Unknown: Unknown or undetermined](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/000) (defining event); cases with it: [All aircraft, 1,703 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/000/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Off-field or emergency landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/440); cases with it: [All aircraft, 3,365 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/440/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Landing gear collapse](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/094); cases with it: [All aircraft, 1,787 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/094/sequence.md) ## Analysis Shortly after takeoff, the experimental amateur-built airplane was seen by a witness near the accident site flying about 20 ft above a wheat field. The pilot performed an off-airport landing in the field, which resulted in the nose landing gear collapsing. The pilot sustained serious injuries, and his only recollections of the accident were that he thought the field was flat but encountered a bump during the landing and that he shut off the fuel selector after the accident. The pilot passed away more than 30 days after the accident. Postaccident examination of the airplane revealed an adequate supply of fuel in both fuel tanks with no contaminants found. No discrepancies were noted during a visual inspection of the engine compartment, but during an attempt to start the engine following activation of the auxiliary fuel pump, a fuel hose from the gascolator to the engine-driven fuel pump separated from the outlet fitting of the gascolator due to inadequate clamping force. The hose was re-installed onto the fitting, and the engine was started and found to operate normally at low power; a full-power engine run was not performed due to impact-damaged propeller blades. While the airplane designer reported that a loose fuel hose at the outlet of the gascolator could introduce air into the fuel supply, it could not be determined whether this condition existed prior to, or was a result of the impact, and the reason the pilot performed an off-airport landing shortly after takeoff could not be determined. ## Factual narrative On June 21, 2022, about 1355 eastern daylight time, an experimental amateur-built Lightning airplane, N51TM, was involved in an accident near Canandaigua, New York. The private pilot was seriously injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations part 91 personal flight. According to recorded audio from the Canandaigua Airport (IUA) common traffic advisory frequency, about 1347, the pilot advised he was taxiing to runway 31. About 7 minutes later, he made a mostly unintelligible comment that included a reference to runway 31, consistent with announcing his takeoff. A witness who was located about 350 ft northeast of the accident site reported seeing the airplane to the west of his position flying about 20 ft above a wheat field. The airplane disappeared over a hill. He went to the top of the hill, saw that the airplane had crashed in the field, and contacted law enforcement. The pilot reported that he extricated himself from the cockpit and was airlifted to a hospital after sustaining serious injuries during the accident. The pilot’s wife reported that her husband’s only recollections of the accident were that he thought the field was flat but encountered a bump during the landing roll and that he turned off the fuel selector valve after the accident. He passed away more than 30 days after the accident. The accident site was located about 3,170 ft north-northwest from the departure end of runway 31. Examination of the accident site by a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) airworthiness inspector revealed the airplane came to rest upright with the nose landing gear collapsed; the airplane sustained minor damage. An engine monitor and portable GPS receiver were retained by NTSB for further examination; however, neither device contained any data associated with the accident flight. The airplane was recovered and secured in the pilot’s hangar for further examination. Postaccident examination of the airplane by an FAA airworthiness inspector revealed adequate fuel in both wing fuel tanks; no contaminants were noted. An odor of fuel in the cockpit was associated with the left fuel supply line that separated from the fuel selector due to impact damage. During activation of the auxiliary fuel pump, a fuel smell was noted, but visual examination of the engine compartment could not identify the source. During a subsequent attempt to start the engine following activation of the auxiliary fuel pump, the flexible fuel hose from the gascolator to the engine-driven fuel pump separated from the outlet fitting of the gascolator. Inspection of the hose and clamp revealed the screw used to tighten the hose clamp was tight to turn, but the hose was not tight on the barbed fitting. The hose was tightly secured to the fitting by the inspector. The engine was started with the fuel selector positioned to the right fuel tank and operated normally when the throttle was advanced to partial power. At idle, the engine operated rough and lostpower; this was attributed to the choke being partially on. Full power or prolonged engine operation was not possible due to the impact-damaged propeller blades. According to maintenance records, the airplane’s last condition inspection was performed about 8 months and 14 operating hours before the accident. During the inspection, the pilot, who was the builder of the airplane, reportedly replaced a fuel line associated with the auxiliary fuel pump in the cockpit. A representative of the airplane designer reported that a loose fuel hose at the outlet of the gascolator could introduce air into the fuel supply being delivered to the engine-driven fuel pump; this condition could result in reduced fuel flow and reduced engine power. No determination could be made based on the available evidence as to the reason for the off-airport landing executed by the pilot. ## Aircraft - Registration: N51TM (not matched to a registry record) - Reported make and model: MANTELL ALLAN T LIGHTNING (NO SERIES) - Category: Airplane, amateur-built - Serial number: 9 - Year built: 2009 - Airframe hours: 413 - Engines: Jabiru 3300 120 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Minor damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Mantell Allan T - Registered owner: Mantell Allan T - Airworthiness certificate: Special, Experimental (Special) - Last inspection: Condition, October 17, 2021, 2 hours before - Destination: Same as departure - Airport: IUA, Canandaigua Airport, runway 31, 5,500 × 100 ft, asphalt - Equipment: Handheld GPS, Data recorder, Auto-pilot, Stall warning system ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 81; injuries: serious; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land, single-engine sea; medical: basicmed, with waivers/limitations; last flight review April 6, 2022; seat: left; restraint: 4-point; flight hours: 1,776 total, 410 in this make and model ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 250° at 4 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Temperature: 84 °F, dew point 64 °F - Altimeter: 3000.00 inHg - Turbulence: Unknown - Observed at: IUA, 0.9 nm away - METAR: 2206211805 CLR 10 029 018 25 004 3000 ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20220621020789A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20220621020789A), Jun 21, 2022: Mantell Allan T LIGHTNING, Canandaigua, NY, Minor damage. Arrived on scene at 1530 local. Pilot had been transported to hospital with serious injuries. A witness stated he observed a small plane heading southeast… ## Docket (9 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on November 15, 2023, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=105367. 14.7 MB in all. - Pilot/operator aircraft accident report, NTSB form 6120.1 (item 1, PDF, 11 pages, 8.8 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14955413&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=6120_1%20Master%20Form%20Fm%20Web%204%206%202022_Recd%2012%2022%202022_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Witness statement (item 2, PDF, 2 pages, 94 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14836776&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Witness%20Statement_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Record of NTSB conversations (item 3, PDF, 11 pages, 799 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14958976&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Record%20of%20NTSB%20Conversations_Redacted-Rel.pdf - FAA inspector statement (item 4, PDF, 2 pages, 1.8 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14836851&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=FAA%20Inspector%20Statement_Redacted-Rel.pdf - NTSB prepared partial transcription of communications (item 5, PDF, 1 page, 45 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14837064&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=LiveATC_Net%20NTSB%20Transcription%20Of%20Communications%20v03-Rel.pdf - Memorandum for record - information regarding fuel hose at gascolator outlet (item 6, PDF, 1 page, 112 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14850970&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Memo%20For%20Record%20-%20Tighten%20Hose%20at%20Gascolator%20Outlet%20for%20Eng%20Run-Rel.pdf - Electronic devices - specialist's factual report (item 7, PDF, 3 pages, 354 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14870620&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=ERA22LA287%20Electronic%20Devices%20-%20Specialist%27s%20Factual%20Report-Rel.pdf - Investigative photographs (item 8, PDF, 5 pages, 5 photos, 1.9 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14955907&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Investigative%20Photographs_5%20Pics_5%20Pages-Rel.pdf - Release of aircraft wreckage, NTSB form 6120.15, and NTSB evidence control form (item 9, PDF, 2 pages, 793 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=14939477&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Wreckage%20Release%20%26%20ECF_Redacted-Rel.pdf From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.