# NTSB ERA23FA273: Mooney M20R, N13LV, Southport, NC, June 25, 2023 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Class 3 · Field · Final report - Date: June 25, 2023, 16:20 local (20:20 UTC) - Place: Southport, NC · Residential - Coordinates: 33.942625, -78.062524 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=33.9426&lon=-78.0625&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Initial climb](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/350) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Initial climb: Loss of engine power (total)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 1 fatal - Status: Completed - Report: Approved by Office Director - Investigation class: Class 3 - NTSB office: Eastern Region Aviation - Parties: FAA/FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 192440 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ERA23FA273 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/192440/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=192440 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA23FA273 ## Probable cause The pilot’s improper decision to fly a known unairworthy airplane, which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to oil starvation. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Info processing/decision: decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Mooney M20R, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md?model=5870225), [All aircraft, 3,098 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md) - [Fluids: oil](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01071020): Aircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Fluid level (probable cause); cases with it: [Mooney M20R, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01071020/cases.md?model=5870225), [All aircraft, 174 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01071020/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Prior to flight: Aircraft maintenance event](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/040); cases with it: [Mooney M20R, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/040/sequence.md?model=5870225), [All aircraft, 484 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/040/sequence.md) - [Initial climb: Loss of engine power (total)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341) (defining event); cases with it: [Mooney M20R, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341/sequence.md?model=5870225), [All aircraft, 3,820 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/341/sequence.md) - [Emergency descent: Off-field or emergency landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/440); cases with it: [Mooney M20R, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/440/sequence.md?model=5870225), [All aircraft, 3,365 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/440/sequence.md) - [Landing: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Mooney M20R, 11 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=5870225), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot was picking up his airplane following unfinished maintenance. Witnesses reported excessive white exhaust smoke and oil leaking from the airplane onto the ground as the pilot taxied it from the mechanic’s hangar to the runway for takeoff. Shortly after takeoff, the pilot reported an engine failure on the common traffic advisory frequency and that he was returning to the runway; however, the airplane impacted a residential area about 1/2-mile before the runway threshold and a postimpact fire ensued. The airplane had been in for maintenance for 8 months. The private pilot/owner had requested that the mechanic troubleshoot interior lighting, service the brakes, attach a standby vacuum hose, and repair an exhaust leak. The mechanic could not complete the work as he could not start and run up the engine due to dead batteries. When he inspected the batteries, he realized that they were unairworthy. Specifically, the airplane was designed with a 24-volt electrical system that utilized two 24-volt batteries; however, the mechanic found four 12-volt batteries installed. When the mechanic contacted the pilot about the discrepancy, the pilot instructed him to reinstall the four 12-volt batteries. The mechanic refused, as it would have been an unapproved and unairworthy installation. The pilot then stated that he wanted his airplane back. The mechanic told him that the airplane was unairworthy, as he had not completed repairs on it; he also noted that it was unairworthy on the invoice. The wreckage came to rest on its right side and oil streaks were noted on the underside of the empennage. The engine came to rest inverted, and the propeller remained attached to the engine. An oil sump accessory port plug was observed loose, with oily blue stained baffling material resting below it. Additionally, the No. 4 connecting rod had protruded through the top of the engine case. A check of the oil dipstick revealed no measurable oil in the engine. The engine likely failed due to oil starvation as the oil leaked from a loose oil sump accessory port plug as a result of uncompleted maintenance work. ## Factual narrative The aircraft logbooks were not recovered. According to the mechanic at SUT, the pilot had mentioned that the airplane’s most recent annual inspection was completed in Pennsylvania sometime during August 2022. On June 25, 2023, about 1620 eastern daylight time, a Mooney M20R, N13LV, was destroyed when it was involved in an accident near Southport, North Carolina. The pilot was fatally injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. According to a mechanic at Cape Fear Regional Jetport (SUT), Oak Island, North Carolina, the airplane had been in for maintenance since October 2022. The private pilot/owner had requested that the mechanic troubleshoot interior lighting, service the brakes, attach a standby vacuum hose, and repair an exhaust leak. The mechanic could not complete the work as he could not start and run up the engine due to dead batteries. When he inspected the batteries, he realized that they were unairworthy. Specifically, the airplane was designed with a 24-volt electrical system that utilized two 24-volt batteries; however, the mechanic found four 12-volt batteries installed. When the mechanic contacted the pilot about the discrepancy, the pilot instructed him to reinstall the four 12-volt batteries. The mechanic refused, as it would have been an unapproved and unairworthy installation. The pilot then stated that he wanted his airplane back. The mechanic told him that the airplane was unairworthy, as he had not completed repairs on it; he also noted that it was unairworthy on the invoice. On the day of the accident, witnesses at the airport observed excessive white exhaust smoke and oil leaking from the airplane onto the ground as it taxied from the mechanic’s hangar to runway 23 for takeoff. Shortly after takeoff, the pilot reported an engine failure on the common traffic advisory frequency and that he was returning to runway 23. Review of FAA ADS-B data revealed that the airplane departed runway 23 about 1617 and flew a left circuit back to runway 23; however, it impacted a residential area about 1/2-mile before the runway threshold. An autopsy was performed on the pilot by the North Carolina Office of The Chief Medical Examiner, Greenville, North Carolina. The cause of death was reported as “multiple thermal injures.” Toxicological testing was performed on specimens from the pilot by the FAA Office of Forensic Sciences, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. The testing revealed positive results for carboxyhemoglobin, consistent with smoke inhalation. The testing results were also positive for the blood pressure medication carvedilol, the clot-prevention medication clopidogrel, and the diuretic furosemide, none of which are typically impairing. The pilot’s logbook was not recovered. On his most recent application for an FAA second-class medical certificate, dated June 9, 2017, he reported a total flight experience of 3,945 hours. The wreckage came to rest in a residential yard, near the leftrear side of the home, and a postimpact fire ensued; however, it did not ignite the home. The wreckage was laying on its right side, on a heading of about 090°. A debris path about 125 ft long was observed, beginning with the right aileron suspended in a tree that was about 40 ft tall, on a northwest course to the main wreckage. The left wing remained partially attached to the fuselage. The aileron and flap remained attached to the left wing. The flap was observed in an extended position; however, the flap control in the cockpit could not be identified. The right wing had separated and was resting underneath the left wing. The right aileron and flap had separated from the right wing. The flap was recovered near the right wing and the aileron was recovered from the tree. The landing gear was observed in an extended position. The empennage remained intact and oil streaks were noted on the underside. Flight control continuity was confirmed from the cockpit via push-pull tubes to all flight control surfaces except for the separated right wing, where aileron continuity was confirmed to the wing root. The cockpit and cabin were consumed by fire. The engine came to rest inverted, and the propeller remained attached to the engine. An oil sump accessory port plug was observed loose, with oily blue stained baffling material resting below it. Additionally, the No. 4 connecting rod had protruded through the top of the engine case. A check of the oil dipstick revealed no measurable oil in the engine. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N13LV](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N13LV-2023-10-21), registration cancelled 2023-10-21, S/N 29-0152, built 1998 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: MOONEY M20R (NO SERIES EXISTS) - Registry model: [Mooney M20R](https://openairdocs.org/model/mooney-m20r) (registry code 5870225) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental IO-550 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-io-550-series) (registry code 17042, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 29-0152 - Year built: 1998 - Engines: Continental IO-550-G 280 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Destroyed - Fire: On-Ground - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Destination: CRE, North Myrtle Beach, SC - Airport: SUT, Cape Fear Regional Jetport, runway 23, 5,505 × 100 ft, asphalt - Equipment: Stall warning system ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 69; injuries: fatal; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, with waivers/limitations; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; toxicology performed; flight hours: 3,945 total ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 200° at 7 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 8,500 ft broken - Temperature: 90 °F, dew point 72 °F - Altimeter: 2992.00 inHg - Observed at: SUT, 1 nm away - METAR: 252010Z AUTO 20007KT 10SM SCT055 SCT070 BKN085 32/22 A2992 ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20230625006489A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20230625006489A), Jun 25, 2023: Mooney M20R, Oak Island, NC, Destroyed, 1 fatal. Aircraft was witnessed on the ramp with the operator prior to taxi. The pilot started his engine and started to taxi, and with heavy smoke comming from the… ## Docket (11 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on June 4, 2025, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=192440. 459 MB in all. - Memorandum for the record (item 1, PDF, 1 page, 64 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16551389&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=MFR1-Rel.pdf - Mechanic statement (item 2, PDF, 2 pages, 1.6 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16550605&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Mechanic%20Statement_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Maintenance invoice (item 3, PDF, 1 page, 2.1 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16551596&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Mx%20Invoice_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Witness statements (item 4, PDF, 8 pages, 4.1 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16551266&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Witness%20Statements_Redacted-Rel.pdf - ADS-B plot (item 5, PDF, 1 page, 324 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16551488&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=ADSB%20Plot-Rel.pdf - CTAF audio recording (MP3; 8 minutes, 11 seconds; 1MB) (item 6, MP3, 1.0 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16551299&FileExtension=mp3&FileName=1200%20Aero%20Excerpt.mp3-Rel.mp3 - Photo array (item 7, PDF, 8 pages, 7 photos, 1.5 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16551606&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Photo%20Array-Rel.pdf - Wreckage examination (item 8, PDF, 4 pages, 921 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16162528&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Wreckage%20Examination-Rel.pdf - Toxicological report (item 9, PDF, 1 page, 188 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16551914&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Tox_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Airport operations manager video (mov; 1 minute 27 seconds; 435MB) (item 10, MOV, 446 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16552433&FileExtension=MOV&FileName=Mendel%20Video-Rel.MOV - Release of aircraft wreckage, NTSB form 6120.15 (item 11, PDF, 1 page, 1.0 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=16550933&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Wreckage%20Release%20Signed_Redacted-Rel.pdf From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.