# NTSB ERA23LA176: Cessna 750, N85AV, Wall Township, NJ, April 1, 2023

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report
- Date: April 1, 2023, 19:37 local (23:37 UTC)
- Place: Wall Township, NJ
- Coordinates: 40.184921, -74.121869 (estimated)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=40.1849&lon=-74.1219&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Defining event: [Landing: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230)
- Highest injury: No injuries
- Injuries: 2 uninjured
- Status: Completed
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- Investigation class: Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish
- NTSB office: Eastern Region Aviation
- Parties: FAA/FSDO
- NTSB case key (mKey): 106991
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ERA23LA176
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/106991/pdf
- NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=106991
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA23LA176

## Probable cause

The pilots’ loss of directional control while landing in gusting wind conditions which resulted in a runway excursion. Also contributing was the flight crew’s decision to land at an airport where there was a rapidly approaching severe thunderstorm.

## Findings

NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause.

- [Performance/control parameters: directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 750, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md?model=2076810), [All aircraft, 3,958 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md)
- [Wind: gusts](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operation (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 750, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045/cases.md?model=2076810), [All aircraft, 1,199 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045/cases.md)
- [Info processing/decision: decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Flight crew (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 750, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md?model=2076810), [All aircraft, 3,098 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md)
- [Convective weather: thunderstorm](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03033010): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Decision related to condition (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 750, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03033010/cases.md?model=2076810), [All aircraft, 100 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03033010/cases.md)

## Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened.

- [Landing-landing roll: Windshear or thunderstorm](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/390); cases with it: [Cessna 750, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/390/sequence.md?model=2076810), [All aircraft, 224 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/390/sequence.md)
- [Landing: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 750, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md?model=2076810), [All aircraft, 4,585 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md)
- [Landing-landing roll: Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300); cases with it: [Cessna 750, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md?model=2076810), [All aircraft, 3,643 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md)

## Analysis

The flight crew of the business jet reported that after touching down on runway centerline the airplane was struck by a gust of wind from the right. They were able to keep the airplane on the runway centerline but were subsequently struck by another more powerful gust, which pushed the airplane off the left side of the runway. The runway excursion resulted in substantial damage to the fuselage and left wing. A posaccident review of weather radar data showed that a severe thunderstorm (for which a tornado warning had been issued) was present to the west of the airport and was rapidly moving east. There was a convective SIGMET valid for the airport at the time of the accident. The pilot-in-command reported checking relevant weather information before the flight, that the airplane was equipped with an operational onboard weather radar system, and that there were no preaccident mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation.

## Aircraft

- Registration: [N85AV](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N85AV), registered now, S/N 7500085, built 1999 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: CESSNA 750
- Registry model: [Cessna 750](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-750) (registry code 2076810) (OpenAirDocs)
- Registry engine: [Rolls-Royce AE-3007C](https://openairdocs.org/engine/rolls-royce-ae-3007c) (registry code 54572, turbo-fan) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 7500085
- Year built: 1999
- Airframe hours: 12272.7
- Engines: ROLLS ROYCE AE 3007C 7042 lbs thrust turbo fan; ROLLS ROYCE AE 3007C 7042 lbs thrust turbo fan
- Damage: Substantial damage
- Flight: Positioning, Part 91
- Operator: USAC Airways 693, LLC, doing business as Discovery Jets
- Registered owner: Bank Of Utah Trustee
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Transport
- Last inspection: Continuous airworthiness, January 21, 2023
- Departed: BNA, Nashville, TN
- Destination: Same as departure
- Flight plan: IFR
- Airport: BLM, Monmouth Executive Airport, runway 32, 7,345 × 85 ft, asphalt
- Equipment: ADS-B, Stall warning system, Angle of attack indicator, Onboard weather, Electronic primary flight display, Auto-pilot, Data recorder, Electronic flight bag or handheld device, Electronic multifunction display

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 63; injuries: none; airline transport; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, with waivers/limitations; last flight review November 30, 2022; seat: left; restraint: 4-point; flight hours: 12,865 total, 264 in this make and model, 10,000 as pilot in command, 180 in the last 90 days, 60 in the last 30 days, 6.9 in the last 24 hours
- Co-pilot; age 28; injuries: none; commercial, flight instructor; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, with waivers/limitations; last flight review July 8, 2022; seat: right; restraint: 4-point; flight hours: 1,450 total, 330 in this make and model, 850 as pilot in command, 120 in the last 90 days, 70 in the last 30 days, 7 in the last 24 hours

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Night
- Wind: 110° at 4 knots
- Visibility: 10 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: none
- Temperature: 63 °F, dew point 63 °F
- Altimeter: 29.31 inHg
- Observed at: BLM
- METAR: KBLM 012336Z AUTO 11004KT 10SM VCTS -RA CLR 17/17 A2931 RMK AO2 LTG DSNT SW-N TSB30RAB31 P0001

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 20230401020889A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20230401020889A), Apr 1, 2023: Cessna 750, Wall Township, NJ, Substantial damage. During repositioning flight operating under 14 CFR part 91, aircraft landed runway 32 at Monmouth county executive airport with approaching line of…

## Docket (8 files)

The files NTSB released with the investigation on June 29, 2023, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=106991. 16.7 MB in all.

- Operator aircraft accident report, NTSB form 6120.1 (item 1, PDF, 11 pages, 2.1 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15552804&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=6120_1%20From%20Operator_Redacted-Rel.pdf
- Pilot aircraft accident report, NTSB form 6120.1 (item 2, PDF, 10 pages, 11.4 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15552988&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=MOR%20Pilot%20Form%206120.1_Redacted-Rel.pdf
- Memorandum for record a�� captain statement (item 3, PDF, 3 pages, 945 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15552409&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=MOR%20PIC%20statement-Rel.pdf
- Memorandum for record a�� meteorology questions to pilot (item 4, PDF, 4 pages, 799 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15554963&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=MOR%20PIC%20answers%20to%20MET%20questions-Rel.pdf
- Sigmets (item 5, PDF, 1 page, 154 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15552824&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=SIGMETS-Rel.pdf
- Weather radar 2330UTC (item 6, PDF, 1 page, 217 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15552908&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Wx%20Radar%202330UTC-Rel.pdf
- Weather radar 2345UTC (item 7, PDF, 1 page, 212 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15553193&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=WX%20Radar%202345UTC-Rel.pdf
- Photographs (item 8, PDF, 4 pages, 818 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=15552834&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Photo%20Array%20ERA23LA176-Rel.pdf

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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