# NTSB ERA24LA293: Cessna 525, N865HC, Richmond, VA, June 30, 2024 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Class 4 · Limited · Final report - Date: June 30, 2024, 17:52 local (21:52 UTC) - Place: Richmond, VA - Coordinates: 37.51018, -77.326606 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=37.5102&lon=-77.3266&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing-landing roll: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 3 uninjured - Status: Completed - Report: Approved by Office Director - Investigation class: Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish - NTSB office: Eastern Region Aviation - Parties: FAA/FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 194626 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=ERA24LA293 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/194626/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=194626 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA24LA293 ## Probable cause The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control of the airplane while landing in rain and gusting wind conditions. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Wind: gusts](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operation (probable cause); cases with it: [All aircraft, 1,199 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [All aircraft, 3,958 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md) - [Ceiling/visibility/precip: rain](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035035): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operation (probable cause); cases with it: [All aircraft, 56 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03035035/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing-landing roll: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) (defining event); cases with it: [All aircraft, 4,585 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot was landing the small business jet, and about 1 minute prior to landing an aviation surface weather report indicated that a quartering left headwind at 20 kts with gusts to 26 kts prevailed. The pilot continued the approach and while in visual flight rules conditions and noted rain over the runway about 1,000 ft from the threshold. The pilot landed the airplane on the grooved asphalt runway and observed that there was no standing water. During the landing roll, the airplane encountered heavy rain and the pilot stated that it began “hydroplaning” toward the right side of the runway. The right wing of the airplane then impacted 3 edge lights and one location sign before the pilot was able to regain control and then taxi off the runway and to the ramp. The airplane’s right wing was substantially damaged during the accident sequence. The pilot stated that there preimpact mechanical malfunctions or failures of the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. Postaccident examination of the airplane revealed that there was no evidence of tread rubber reversion on either main landing gear tire that would be associated with hydroplaning during landing. ## Aircraft - Registration: N865HC (not matched to a registry record) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 525 (UNDESIGNATED SERIES) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 525-0616 - Year built: 2006 - Airframe hours: 4479 - Engines: WILLIAMS FJ44-1AP 1965 lbs thrust turbo fan; WILLIAMS FJ44-1AP 1965 lbs thrust turbo fan - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Business, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Continuous airworthiness, June 28, 2024, 2 hours before - Departed: TYS, Knoxville, TN - Destination: Same as departure - Flight plan: IFR - Airport: RIC, Richmond Intl, runway 20, 6,607 × 150 ft, asphalt - Equipment: Electronic multifunction display, Electronic primary flight display, Onboard weather, Stall warning system, ADS-B, Angle of attack indicator, Auto-pilot ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 64; injuries: none; commercial, flight instructor, airline transport; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, with waivers/limitations; last flight review September 18, 2023; seat: left; restraint: 5-point; flight hours: 9,154 total, 2,252 in this make and model, 8,259 as pilot in command, 58 in the last 90 days, 17 in the last 30 days - Pilot-rated passenger; age 66; injuries: none; commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, with waivers/limitations; seat: right; flight hours: 2,550 total, 10 in this make and model ## Weather - Conditions: Instrument (IMC), Day - Wind: 170° at 23 knots, gusting 30 - Visibility: 0.5 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 3,900 ft broken - Temperature: 79 °F, dew point 75 °F - Altimeter: 29.92 inHg - Observed at: KRIC - METAR: KRIC 302154Z 17023G30KT 1/2SM R34/1400VP6000FT +TSRA FG FEW018 BKN039CB OVC049 26/24 A2992 RMK AO2 PK WND 17030/2153 SLP133 OCNL LTGICCC TS S MOV NE T02560239 PNO $ ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20240630013039A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20240630013039A), Jun 30, 2024: Cessna 525, Richmond, VA, Substantial damage. The pilot in command stated he was in VFR conditions upon landing on runway 20 at the Richmond International Airport. After landing, and during rollout, he… ## Docket (8 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on December 19, 2024, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=194626. 13.4 MB in all. - Pilot/operator aircraft accident report, NTSB form 6120.1 (item 1, PDF, 11 pages, 7.5 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17735257&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Complete%206120%20Recd%207%2017%202024_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Pilot initial statement (item 2, PDF, 1 page, 731 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17734911&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Pilot%20Initial%20Statement_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Record of NTSB conversations (item 3, PDF, 12 pages, 331 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17937491&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Record%20of%20NTSB%20Conversations_12%20Pgs_Redacted-Rel.pdf - Weather reports and records (item 4, PDF, 1 page, 74 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17735418&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Weather%20Reports%20and%20Records-Rel.pdf - FAA chronological summary of flight communications (item 5, PDF, 6 pages, 2.7 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17735277&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=FAA%20Chronological%20Summary%20of%20Flight%20Communications-Rel.pdf - FAA inspector statement (item 6, PDF, 3 pages, 12 photos, 832 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17735183&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=FAA%20Inspector%20Statement-Rel.pdf - Memorandum for record - main landing gear tire and secondary trim examination (item 7, PDF, 2 pages, 2 photos, 359 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17928114&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=FINAL%20Memo%20For%20Record%20-%20Tire%20%26%20Secondary%20Trim%20Exam%20v01-Rel.pdf - Release of aircraft wreckage, NTSB form 6120.15 (item 8, PDF, 1 page, 870 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=17735035&FileExtension=pdf&FileName=Fully%20Exctd%20Wreckage%20Release%20Form_Redacted-Rel.pdf From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.