# NTSB FTW03FA229: Learjet 25B, N666TW, Del Rio, TX, September 19, 2003 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Field investigation · Final report - Date: September 19, 2003, 17:10 local (22:10 UTC) - Place: Del Rio, TX - Coordinates: 29.352222, -100.916664 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=29.3522&lon=-100.9167&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 1 fatal, 1 serious - Status: Completed, report September 29, 2004 - Report: Approved by Office Director - Parties: GE Aircraft Engines, Bombardier Aerospace, Federal Aviation Administration, Ameristar Jet Charter Inc. - NTSB case key (mKey): 57961 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=FTW03FA229 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/57961/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=57961 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW03FA229 ## Probable cause The pilot's misjudged distance and speed during the approach to landing, and his failure to obtain the proper touchdown point resulting in an overrun. A contributing factor was the pilot's failure to abort the landing. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Overrun, landing - roll - distance/speed - misjudged, pilot in command (cause) - proper touchdown point - not obtained, pilot in command (cause) - go-around - not performed, pilot in command (contributing factor) - On ground/water collision with object, landing - roll - object - fence - object - tree(s) - object - other - Fire/explosion, other ## Analysis The cargo flight was cleared for a visual approach to the 5,000-foot long, by 150-foot wide asphalt runway. Based on estimated landing weight of the aircraft, the Vref was estimated at 116 KIAS. Air traffic Control (ATC) radar data revealed that the flight maintained a ground speed above 190 knots on final approach, to include the touchdown zone for runway 13. The first evidence of braking was noted at a point 1,247 feet from the departure end of the runway. Braking signatures on the asphalt as well as off the pavement were consistent with an operational anti-skid system. Witnesses at the airport also observed the airplane flying very fast and touching down long. Both crewmembers, the 4,689-hour captain and the 2,873-hour first officer, were familiar with the airport, and the flight was 20 minutes ahead of its scheduled arrival time. The airplane overran the departure end of runway 13, impacted the airport perimeter fence, proceeded across a roadway, took out another fence, and collided with two trees in a cemetery. The airplane was found to be within weight and balance limits for all phases of the flight. The installed cockpit voice recorder (CVR) was found not to be functional. ## Factual narrative HISTORY OF FLIGHT On September 19, 2003, at 1710 central daylight time, a Learjet 25B, twin-turbo jet airplane, N666TW, operating as Ameristar Jet Charter Flight 982 was destroyed upon collision with trees and terrain when it overran the departure end of runway 13 while landing at the Del Rio International Airport (DRT), near Del Rio, Texas. The airline transport rated captain was fatally injured, and the airline transport rated pilot acting as first officer was seriously injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 91 repositioning flight. The airplane was owned by Sierra American Corporation of Wilmington, Delaware, and was being operated by Ameristar Jet Charter, Inc., of Dallas, Texas, a 14 CFR Part 135 on-demand air taxi cargo operator. An instrument flight rules (IFR) flight plan was filed for the flight which originated from the El Paso International Airport (ELP) at approximately 1625, destined for DRT. The operator reported that on the day of the accident the flight originated from Jackson Hole, Wyoming, early in the morning, making intermediate stops at Los Angeles, California, and El Paso, Texas. The flight was scheduled to arrive at DRT at 1730. According to personnel at the airport, a transmission in the blind was heard on the Unicom, reported "Five miles north, landing 13." The airplane had been cleared by approach control for a visual approach to runway 13. A witness who was standing outside the Fixed Base Operator (FBO) facilities at the airport stated that the airplane was "high and fast" and he was expecting the airplane to execute a go-around. A second witness, also on the airport ramp stated that the airplane was going so fast that he "thought the airplane was taking off instead of landing." A third witness, who was doing some outdoor painting and was concerned with over-spraying aircraft on the ramp stated that he observed the wind sock at the time of the landing and he added that the airplane landed with a slight downwind. Another witness observed "that the airplane was going very fast" and noted that the airplane landed past Taxiway Charlie. Taxiway Charlie is located about 1,875-feet short of the departure end of Runway 13. The pilot of a King Air on the ramp reported that he observed the airplane landing and that the flaps appeared to be fully extended. This witness reported that he did not hear the engines spool-up in an attempt to abort the landing. The airplane overran the departure end of runway 13, impacted the airport perimeter fence, proceeded across a roadway, impacted another fence, struck two trees and displaced multiple headstones. A person at the FBO that was monitoring the Unicom transmissions reported that a female voice was making all of the radio transmissions. The operator stated that the company policy is for the non-flying pilot (NFP) to make all of the radio calls, thus the captain was expected to be functioning as the flying pilot (FP). No reported distress calls were received from the crew of the airplane prior to the accident. PERSONNEL INFORMATION The Captain The 29-year old captain held an airline transport pilot certificate with the ratings of airplane multiengine land, commercial privileges for airplane single-engine land, and type ratings for DA-20 and LR-25. The captain's most recent first class medical certificate was issued on March 4, 2003, with a restriction "must wear corrective lenses" Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) medical records indicate that the pilot had waiver for a color vision deficiency. The captain had been employed by the operator since August 31, 2000. According to the operator the pilot had accumulated a total of 4,689 hours, of which 2,889 hours were in multi-engine airplanes, with a total of 2,300 hours in jets. Company records revealed that the captain had accumulated a total of 1,348 hours in the make and model of the accident airplane, with 343 hours as pilot-in -command (PIC), and approximately 1,005 hours as second-in-command (SIC) in the same airplane. The captain had flown a total of 231.7 hours in the preceding 90 days, with 85 within the last 30 days, and 4.5 hours in the last 24-hours. The captain's initial new hire training was completed on September 9, 2000. His transition training to the Learjet was also completed on September 9, 2000. His upgrade training to captain was completed on August 3, 2002. Last recurrent training was completed on March 21, 2003. The captain's last proficiency check indicated satisfactory performance in all areas. The First Officer The 38-year old first officer held an airline transport pilot certificate with the ratings of airplane multiengine land, commercial privileges for airplane single-engine land. The first officer's most recent first class medical was issued on June 9, 2003, without waivers or limitations. According to the operator, the first officer had accumulated a total of 2,873-hours, of which 1,500 hours were in multi-engine airplanes, with 234 hours in the Learjet 25. The first officer had flown a total of 205 hours in the last 90 days, with 65 within the last 30 days and 4.5 hours in the last 24 hours. Company records revealed that the captain had previously flown into DRT 83 times and the first officer had flown into DRT 25 times. The records also showed that this was the first time they had both flown into DRT as a crew. Following the recovery from injuries sustained during the accident, the first officer was interviewed by the members of the accident investigation team; however, she stated that she did not have any recollection of the approach or landing during the accident sequence. AIRCRAFT INFORMATION The airplane, a 1973 model Learjet 25B, serial number 25B116, transport category airplane was powered by two General Electric CJ610-6 turbojet engines, which were rated at 2,950 pounds of thrust each. The airplane was not equipped with thrust reversers. The airplane was being maintained in accordance with an FAA approved airworthiness inspection program (AAIP) under 14 CFR Part 135.419. The airplane had accumulated a total of 15,363.8 hours and 12,706 cycles. The most recent 300-hour inspection was completed on May 20, 2003, at 15,108.2 aircraft hours. The next inspection was another 300 hour inspection, which was due in 20.2 hours. The inspection was targeted to be accomplished on September 30, 2003. According to records maintained by the operator, the right engine was installed on the aircraft on July 17, 2002, and the left engine was installed on September 05, 2003. The right engine, serial number 241-008A had accumulated a total of 13,182.8 hours and 12,087 cycles since new, and 7,797 hours and 7,080 cycles since last overhaul. The time since the last hot section inspection was 284.1 hours and 223 cycles. The left engine, serial number 251-460A, had accumulated a total of 13,337.8 hours and 14,618 cycles since new. The engine had accumulated a total of 10,499.3 hours and 10,108 cycles since its last overhaul. The time since the last hot section inspection was 1,086.5 hours and 1,746 cycles. The operator reported that there were no open maintenance discrepancies at the time of the accident; however, one appropriately deferred Category D Minimum Equipment List (MEL) item, 34-8 (an inoperative transponder) was being carried. The airplane was configured with seats for the two crewmembers. The pilot and the copilot seats were equipped with shoulder harnesses. The maximum takeoff weight for the airplane was reported at 15,000 pounds. The basic weight for the airplane was 8,097 pounds. The airplane fuel system was capable of carrying a maximum of 6,025 pounds of fuel. The takeoff weight at the time of departure from ELP was estimated to be 12,897 pounds. The estimated landing weight at the time of the accident at Del Rio was ## Aircraft - Registration: [N666TW](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N666TW-2003-11-17), registration cancelled 2003-11-17, S/N 116 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Learjet 25B - Registry model: [Gates Lear Jet 25B](https://openairdocs.org/model/gates-lear-jet-25b) (registry code 5170511) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 25-116 - Airframe hours: 15363.8 - Engines: General Electric CJ610-6 2950 lbs thrust turbo jet - Damage: Destroyed - Fire: On-Ground - Flight: Positioning, Part 91 - Operator: Ameristar Jet Charter, Inc. - Registered owner: Sierra American Corporation - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Transport - Last inspection: AAIP, May 20, 2003, 279.8 hours before - Departed: ELP, EL PASO, TX - Destination: DRT, Del Rio, TX - Flight plan: IFR - Airport: DRT, Del Rio International, runway 13, 5,000 × 100 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 29; injuries: fatal; airline transport, flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; last flight review March 23, 2003; seat: left; toxicology performed; flight hours: 4,689 total, 1,348 in this make and model, 231 in the last 90 days, 85 in the last 30 days, 4 in the last 24 hours - Co-pilot; age 38; injuries: serious; commercial, airline transport; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; last flight review February 13, 2003; seat: right; flight hours: 2,783 total, 263 in this make and model, 2,094 as pilot in command, 205 in the last 90 days, 65 in the last 30 days, 5 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: variable at 4 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 82 °F, dew point 63 °F - Altimeter: 30.03 inHg - Observed at: DRT ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20030919034939A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20030919034939A), Sep 19, 2003: Lear 25B, Del Rio, TX, Destroyed, 1 fatal. (-23) The aircraft attempted landing at 3,800 ft beyond landing threshold of a 5,000 ft runway overshot and crashed. The aircraft burned on impact. ## Docket (26 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on July 29, 2004, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=57961. 23.0 MB in all. - Cockpit Voice Recorder 12 - Factual Report of Group Chairman (item 1, .PDF, 33 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40211886&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Cockpit%20Voice%20Recorder%2012%20-%20Factual%20Report%20of%20Group%20Chairman-Master.PDF - Aircraft Performance - Short Study (item 2, .PDF, 229 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40215151&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Aircraft%20Performance%20-%20Short%20Study-Master.PDF - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 3, .PDF, 1.7 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40414158&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Redacted.PDF - Witness Statements (item 4, .PDF, 847 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40414157&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Witness%20Statements-Redacted.PDF - Wreckage Diagram (Courtesy of Learjet) (item 5, .PDF, 1.0 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216060&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Wreckage%20Diagram%20(Courtesy%20of%20Learjet)-Master.PDF - Airport Information (AirNav) (item 6, .PDF, 711 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216061&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Airport%20Information%20(AirNav)-Master.PDF - Aircraft Discrepancy Logs (item 7, .PDF, 1.3 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40414156&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Aircraft%20Discrepancy%20Logs-Redacted.PDF - Aircraft Maintenance Logs (item 8, .PDF, 746 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40414155&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Aircraft%20Maintenance%20Logs-Redacted.PDF - Statement of Party Representatives to NTSB Investigation (item 9, .PDF, 234 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40414159&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Statement%20of%20Party%20Representatives%20to%20NTSB%20Investigation-Redacted.PDF - Toxicological Report (item 10, .PDF, 93 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216065&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Toxicological%20Report-Master.PDF - Photo 01: Evidence of braking action on the runway (item 11, .PDF, 628 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216067&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2001%3A%20Evidence%20of%20braking%20action%20on%20the%20runway-Master.PDF - Photo 02: Tire tracks/marks off the end of the runway and over run area (item 12, .PDF, 775 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216068&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2002%3A%20Tire%20tracks%2Fmarks%20off%20the%20end%20of%20the%20runway%20and%20over%20run%20area-Master.PDF - Photo 03: View of wreckage from runway overrun area (item 13, .PDF, 635 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216069&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2003%3A%20View%20of%20wreckage%20from%20runway%20overrun%20area-Master.PDF - Photo 04: View of runway overrun area from main wreckage (item 14, .PDF, 1.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216076&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2004%3A%20View%20of%20runway%20overrun%20area%20from%20main%20wreckage-Master.PDF - Photo 05: View of the front section of the main wreckage (item 15, .PDF, 1.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216071&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2005%3A%20View%20of%20the%20front%20section%20of%20the%20main%20wreckage-Master.PDF - Photo 06: View of the left wing and the right side of the main wreckage (item 16, .PDF, 1.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216072&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2006%3A%20View%20of%20the%20left%20wing%20and%20the%20right%20side%20of%20the%20main%20wreckage-Master.PDF - Photo 07: View of the rear section of the main wreckage (item 17, .PDF, 1.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216073&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2007%3A%20View%20of%20the%20rear%20section%20of%20the%20main%20wreckage-Master.PDF - Photo 08: View of the left section of the main wreckage (item 18, .PDF, 1.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216075&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2008%3A%20View%20of%20the%20left%20section%20of%20the%20main%20wreckage-Master.PDF - Photo 09: View of the energy path and wreckage area (item 19, .PDF, 1.3 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216077&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2009%3A%20View%20of%20the%20energy%20path%20and%20wreckage%20area-Master.PDF - Photo 10: View of the right main landing gear (item 20, .PDF, 402 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216078&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2010%3A%20View%20of%20the%20right%20main%20landing%20gear-Master.PDF - Photo 11: View of the left main landing gear (item 21, .PDF, 407 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216079&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2011%3A%20View%20of%20the%20left%20main%20landing%20gear-Master.PDF - Photo 12: View of the nose wheel (item 22, .PDF, 1.4 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216080&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2012%3A%20View%20of%20the%20nose%20wheel-Master.PDF - Photo 13: Aerial View of Runway 13 (item 23, .PDF, 1.0 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216081&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2013%3A%20Aerial%20View%20of%20Runway%2013-Master.PDF - Photo 14: Aerial view of the runway and accident site (item 24, .PDF, 1.3 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216082&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2014%3A%20Aerial%20view%20of%20the%20runway%20and%20accident%20site-Master.PDF - Photo 15: Right Side Airspeed Indicator (item 25, .PDF, 1.1 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216083&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2015%3A%20Right%20Side%20Airspeed%20Indicator-Master.PDF - Photo 16: Left Side Airspeed Indicator (item 26, .PDF, 1.3 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40216084&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2016%3A%20Left%20Side%20Airspeed%20Indicator-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. 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