# NTSB FTW94LA002: Maule M-5-200C, N16CB, Watkins, CO, October 3, 1993 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: October 3, 1993, 11:00 local (17:00 UTC) - Place: Watkins, CO - Coordinates: 39.750976, -104.599723 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=39.7510&lon=-104.5997&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report August 1, 1994 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 18945 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=FTW94LA002 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/18945/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA002 ## Probable cause THE PILOT'S LOSS OF DIRECTIONAL CONTROL RESULTING IN THE INADVERTENT GROUND LOOP. A FACTOR WAS THE INSTRUCTOR'S FAILURE TO TAKE REMEDIAL ACTION ON A TIMELY MANNER. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of control - on ground/water, landing - roll - directional control - not maintained, dual student (cause) - ground loop/swerve - inadvertent, dual student - remedial action - delayed, pilot in command(cfi) (contributing factor) - On ground/water encounter with terrain/water, landing - roll ## Analysis DURING THE THIRD LANDING, THE AIRPLANE SWERVED TO THE RIGHT DURING THE LANDING ROLLOUT. THE PRIVATE PILOT RECEIVING INSTRUCTION ATTEMPTED TO ABORT THE LANDING BY ADDING FULL POWER AND APPLYING FULL LEFT RUDDER. THE INSTRUCTOR PILOT TOLD THE PILOT TO CLOSE THE THROTTLE. THE INSTRUCTOR STATED THAT THE PILOT FAILED TO RELINQUISH THE CONTROLS AND DIRECTIONAL CONTROL WAS LOST. THE PRIVATE PILOT REPORTED THAT THE INSTRUCTOR DID NOT ATTEMPT TO TAKE CONTROL OF THE AIRPLANE AND ONLY ASKED FOR THE POWER REDUCTION. ## Factual narrative On October 3, 1993, at 1100 mountain daylight time, a Maule M-5-200C, N16CB, was substantially damaged following a loss of control while landing at the Front Range Airport, near Watkins, Colorado. The certified flight instructor and the private pilot receiving instruction were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the instructional flight. According to the operator, during the third landing of the instructional period, the airplane swerved to the right during the landing roll. The pilot elected to abort the landing and applied full power as he applied full left rudder. As soon as he added power, the instructor started to tell the pilot to close the throttle and continue the landing roll. The pilot stated that he reduced the power and then lost control of the airplane, ground looping off the runway. The instructor pilot stated that the pilot failed to relinquish the controls of the airplane. The right main landing gear collapsed, and the right wing sustained structural damage after it dug into the ground. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N16CB](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N16CB-2012-08-08), registration cancelled 2012-08-08, S/N 5016C, built 1974 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: MAULE M-5-200C - Registry model: [Maule M-5-220C](https://openairdocs.org/model/maule-m-5-220c) (registry code 5460133) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Franklin 6A&6V335 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/franklin-6a-6v335-series) (registry code 27020, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 5016C - Airframe hours: 622 - Engines: FRANKLIN 6A-350-C1 220 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Registered owner: Berg, Jeffrey L. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Utility - Last inspection: Annual, February 12, 1993, 50 hours before - Airport: FTG, Front Range, runway 26, 8,000 × 100 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 50; commercial, flight instructor; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: right; flight hours: 8,003 total, 28 in this make and model, 5,000 as pilot in command, 60 in the last 90 days, 30 in the last 30 days, 7 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 120° at 7 knots - Visibility: 80 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 73 °F, dew point 36 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: DEN, 17 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19931003037339A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19931003037339A), Oct 3, 1993: Maule M5220C, Denver, CO, Substantial damage. Swerved on landing. Student saya CFI failed correct. CFI says tried to correct but student froze on control. ## Other investigations on N16CB (2) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB SEA98FA090](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA98FA090), Jun 6, 1998: Maule M-5-220C (N16CB), Kettle Falls, WA, destroyed, 2 fatal. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to maintain terrain clearance. A factor was an attempt to perform aerobatics at low altitude. - [NTSB DEN93LA028](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN93LA028), Feb 28, 1993: Maule M-5-220C (N16CB), Englewood, CO, substantial damage. Probable cause: FAILURE BY THE PILOT TO MAINTAIN CONTROL OF THE AIRCRAFT. A FACTOR WAS: LACK OF EXPERIENCE IN TYPE OF AIRCRAFT. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.