# NTSB FTW94LA094: Piper PA-23, N2297P, Duncan, OK, March 13, 1994 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: March 13, 1994, 11:49 local (17:49 UTC) - Place: Duncan, OK - Location: 34.5023° N, 97.9578° W: Placed by OpenAirDocs: center of Duncan, OK, within about 6 miles (OpenAirDocs) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=34.5023&lon=-97.9578&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report November 14, 1994 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 19008 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=FTW94LA094 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/19008/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA094 ## Probable cause THE PILOT'S SELECTION OF THE WRONG ENGINE FOR SHUT DOWN. A FACTOR WAS THE LACK OF SUITABLE TERRAIN FOR THE FORCED LANDING. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanical, approach - vfr pattern - base leg/base to final - emergency procedure - simulated, pilot in command - 1 engine - wrong engine shutdown - selected, pilot in command (cause) - gear extension - not possible, pilot in command - Forced landing, descent - emergency - On ground/water collision with object, landing - roll - terrain condition - none suitable (contributing factor) - object - fence ## Analysis DURING AN APPROACH TO THE AIRPORT THE PILOT SHUT DOWN THE LEFT ENGINE TO SIMULATE A SINGLE ENGINE LANDING TO A PROSPECTIVE NEW OWNER. AFTER ENTERING THE BASE LEG TO FINAL THE PILOT IN COMMAND (PIC) ATTEMPTED TO LOWER THE LANDING GEAR; IT DID NOT RESPOND. HE REALIZED THAT THE HYDRAULIC PUMP WAS DRIVEN BY THE LEFT ENGINE, SO HE ATTEMPTED A RESTART. PRIOR TO ATTEMPTING THE RESTART HE PASSED CONTROL OF THE AIRCRAFT TO THE COMMERCIALLY RATED PASSENGER, WHO HAD NO EXPERIENCE IN THIS MAKE AND MODEL AIRPLANE, HIS ATTEMPT TO RESTART THE LEFT ENGINE WAS UNSUCCESSFUL. WHEN HE TOOK CONTROL OF THE AIRCRAFT FROM HIS PASSENGER HE RECOGNIZED THAT HE HAD OVER FLOWN THE AIRPORT AND ELECTED TO LAND IN A WHEATFIELD. DURING THE LANDING ROLL THE AIRCRAFT STRUCK A FENCE. ## Factual narrative On March 13, 1994, at 1149 central standard time, a Piper PA-23, N2297P, was substantially damaged during a forced landing near Duncan, Oklahoma. The airline transport rated pilot and commercially rated passenger were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed in the area. The pilot stated in the Pilot/Operator report that as part of a new airman checkout he shut down and feathered the left engine in order to execute a single engine landing. On the base leg he attempted to put the gear down and there was no response. He initiated a go-around in an attempt to restart the left engine. And he turned the flying over to the passenger even though he had no experience in this make and model. He further reported that when he decided that he could not get the engine started, he was "no longer in a position to land on the airport." He "turned toward a wheat field and completed an emergency landing in it" about 2 miles from the airport. Subsequently, the aircraft collided with a fence and came to rest on its nose. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N2297P](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N2297P-1994-07-21), registration cancelled 1994-07-21, S/N 23909 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: PIPER PA-23 - Registry model: [Piper PA-23](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-23) (registry code 7102302) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 23-909 - Airframe hours: 6817 - Engines: LYCOMING O-320-A1A 150 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Brewer, Jim L. - Registered owner: Cronquist, Clark F. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, March 6, 1994, 1 hours before ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 38; airline transport, commercial, flight instructor; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: left; flight hours: 4,700 total, 30 in this make and model, 4,660 as pilot in command, 68 in the last 90 days, 42 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 10° at 11 knots - Visibility: 20 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 59 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: LAW, 25 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19940313004879A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19940313004879A), Mar 13, 1994: Piper PA23, Duncan, OK, Substantial damage. Check out new airman shut down and feathered left enging for engine landing. Hydro pump left engine. Crashed. ## Other investigations on N2297P (1) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB MIA71FLA21](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA71FLA21), Nov 22, 1970: Piper PA-23 (N2297P), Milton, FL, substantial damage From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.