# NTSB FTW94LA265: Cessna 182P, N1478S, Texarkana, TX, August 9, 1994 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: August 9, 1994, 10:42 local (15:42 UTC) - Place: Texarkana, TX - Coordinates: 33.43967, -94.069786 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=33.4397&lon=-94.0698&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Minor injuries - Injuries: 1 minor, 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report February 24, 1995 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 19136 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=FTW94LA265 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/19136/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW94LA265 ## Probable cause FUEL CONTAMINATION AND THE IMPROPER ADJUSTMENTS MADE TO THE CARBURETOR BY UNIDENTIFIED MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL. A FACTOR WAS THE LACK OF SUITABLE TERRAIN TO WHICH A FORCED LANDING COULD BE EXECUTED. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanical, climb - to cruise - fluid,fuel - contamination (cause) - fuel system,carburetor - output low (cause) - maintenance,adjustment - improper, other maintenance personnel (cause) - Forced landing, descent - emergency - In flight collision with object, approach - vfr pattern - final approach - object - tree(s) - clearance - not possible, pilot in command - terrain condition - none suitable (contributing factor) - On ground/water encounter with terrain/water, landing - roll ## Analysis THE AIRPLANE WAS CLIMBING THROUGH 3,000 FEET AFTER TAKEOFF WHEN THE ENGINE EXPERIENCED A COMPLETE POWER LOSS. THE PILOT'S ATTEMPTS TO RESTART WERE UNSUCCESSFUL AND HE ELECTED TO EXECUTE A FORCED LANDING TO AN OPEN AREA ADJACENT TO A FOOTBALL FIELD. ON SHORT FINAL THE AIRPLANE STRUCK A TREE AND CONTROL WAS LOST. EXAMINATION REVEALED CONTAMINATION IN THE FUEL SYSTEM CONSISTING OF DIRT, WATER, AND PAINT CHIPS. EXAMINATION OF THE CARBURETOR REVEALED ADDITIONAL CONTAMINATION AND SEVERAL MISADJUSTMENTS TO THE MIXTURE SETTINGS. THERE WAS NO RECORD OF THE CARBURETOR HAVING BEEN OVERHAULED OR ADJUSTED. ## Factual narrative On August 9, 1994, at 1042 central daylight time, a Cessna 182P, N1478S, was substantially damaged during a forced landing in Texarkana, Texas. The airplane, owned and operated by the private pilot, was on a personal cross country flight. There was no flight plan filed and visual meteorological conditions prevailed. The pilot received minor injuries, while the one passenger was not injured. According to the pilot, he had taken off from the Texarkana, Arkansas, airport for a flight to Dallas, Texas. He further stated that as he was climbing through 3,000 feet MSL, the engine "sputtered" and then experienced a complete power loss. His attempts to restart the engine were unsuccessful and he elected to execute a forced landing to an open area adjacent to a high school football field. On short final the airplane struck a tree and control was lost. Following retrieval, the engine was removed from the airframe and re-installed on another Cessna 182 airframe for functional testing. During the removal, contamination was found in the fuel strainer bowl and fuel screen. The contamination consisted of dirt, water, and what appeared to be paint chips. During the functional test, the engine would start, but would only run for about 5 to 6 seconds. The accident carburetor was removed and replaced with an overhauled carburetor and the engine ran within normal parameters. Disassembly and inspection of the accident carburetor revealed additional contamination and several misadjustments to the mixture settings. The source or sources of the contamination was not determined; however, it was noted that the airplane was parked outside and had a record of low usage. There was no indication in the maintenance records of the carburetor having been overhauled or adjusted. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N1478S](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N1478S-1997-09-11), registration cancelled 1997-09-11, S/N 18265025 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 182P - Registry model: [Cessna 182P](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-182p) (registry code 2075816) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 18265025 - Airframe hours: 3305 - Engines: CONTINENTAL O-470-5 230 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Averhart, Booker T. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, July 12, 1994, 14 hours before - Destination: RDB, DALLAS, TX ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 62; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: left; flight hours: 450 total, 80 in this make and model, 430 as pilot in command, 25 in the last 90 days, 15 in the last 30 days, 2 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 60° at 7 knots - Visibility: 6 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 82 °F, dew point 64 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: TXK, 4 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19940809032579A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19940809032579A), Aug 9, 1994: Cessna 182P, Texarkana, TX, Substantial damage. Engine quit on climb to cruise. Struck a tree on forced landing. Fuel had water and dirt. Carb malajusted and dirty From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.