# NTSB FTW95FA114: Rockwell 690A, N69TM, Guthrie, OK, February 12, 1995 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Field investigation · Final report - Date: February 12, 1995, 17:21 local (23:21 UTC) - Place: Guthrie, OK - Coordinates: 35.799552, -97.669692 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=35.7996&lon=-97.6697&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 2 fatal - Status: Completed, report January 19, 1996 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 19211 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=FTW95FA114 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/19211/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW95FA114 ## Probable cause THE PILOT'S FAILURE TO MAINTAIN ADEQUATE AIRSPEED DUE TO AIRFRAME ICE, WHICH RESULTED IN A LOSS OF CONTROL. FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE ACCIDENT WERE THE PILOT'S CONTINUED FLIGHT INTO ADVERSE WEATHER, HIS FAILURE TO OBTAIN WEATHER INFORMATION EITHER BEFORE OR DURING THE FLIGHT, AND THE ICING CONDITIONS. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - In flight encounter with weather, descent - preflight planning/preparation - inadequate, pilot in command (contributing factor) - in-flight planning/decision - improper, pilot in command (contributing factor) - weather condition - icing conditions (contributing factor) - flight into adverse weather - continued, pilot in command (contributing factor) - Loss of control - in flight, descent - airframe - ice (cause) - airspeed - not maintained, pilot in command (cause) - stall/spin - inadvertent, pilot in command - In flight collision with terrain/water, descent - uncontrolled ## Analysis THE AIRPLANE IMPACTED TERRAIN APPROX 14 MILES FROM THE DESTINATION DURING A DESCENT. ACCCORDING TO RADAR DATA AND METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION, THE AIRPLANE DESCENDED FROM 16,700 FEET TO 3,700 FEET AGL THROUGH CLOUDS AND ICING CONDITIONS. DURING THE DESCENT, THE AIRPLANE DECELERATED FROM 268 KTS TO 92 KTS GROUND SPEED. THE PILOT REPORTED TO APPROACH THAT HE 'BROKE OUT' OF THE CLOUDS AT 5,400 FEET. HE SUBSEQUENTLY INFORMED APPROACH THAT HE HAD ACCUMULATED 'SOME CLEAR AND RIME ICE' DURING THE DESCENT. 13 SECONDS LATER THE PILOT MADE A DISTRESS CALL AND STATED, 'WE'RE IN TROUBLE, WE'RE GOING DOWN.' THE LAST RADAR TRACK SHOWED THE AIRPLANE DESCENDING THROUGH 3,700 FEET AT A GROUND SPEED OF 92 KTS. A WITNESS REPORTED HE OBSERVED THAT THE AIRPLANE 'APPEARED TO BE DOING TRICKS', AND 'THEN HEADED STRAIGHT DOWN IN A SPIN.' AN AIRMET FOR ICING CONDITIONS WAS IN EFFECT ALONG THE AIRPLANE'S ROUTE OF FLIGHT. ALSO, THERE WERE SEVERAL PILOT REPORTS OF ICING ENCOUNTERED IN THE AREA OF THE ACCIDENT. THE PILOT DID NOT REQUEST A WEATHER BRIEFING PRIOR TO, OR DURING THE FLIGHT. ## Factual narrative HISTORY OF FLIGHT On February 12, 1995, at 1721 central standard time (all times in this report will remain central standard time), a Rockwell International 690A, N69TM, was destroyed after impacting terrain during an approach to Wiley Post Municipal Airport, near Guthrie, Oklahoma. The commercial pilot and passenger were fatally injured. The airplane, owned by the pilot's company, was being operated under 14 CFR Part 91 when the accident occurred. The flight originated at Colonel James Jabara Airport, Wichita, Kansas at 1643 and was en route to Wiley Post. An Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) flight plan was filed and instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) prevailed at the time of the accident. The aircraft was en route to Wiley Post for planned maintenance which was to be conducted at the Gulfstream Aerospace Technologies Service Center. Additionally, Flight Safety, also located at Wiley Post, reported that the pilot was scheduled for flight simulator refresher training at their Learning Center. At 1626, the pilot telephoned the Wichita Automated Flight Service Station (AFSS) and filed an IFR flight plan from Wichita to Wiley Post and did not request a weather brief. The airplane departed Wichita at 1643. Two minutes after departure, the pilot reported that he "lost" his autopilot and flight director. Wichita Air Traffic Control Tower (ATCT) asked him if he wanted to continue the flight, or return to Wichita. The pilot advised Wichita ATCT that he was "headed for maintenance right now anyway" and would continue the flight to Wiley Post. He remained on Wichita ATCT frequency until 2251 at which time he was passed to the Kansas City Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC) frequency. According to Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) records, no further in-flight problems were reported by the pilot to Wichita ATCT or to Kansas City ARTCC. The pilot contacted Oklahoma City Approach Control approximately 1715 and according to radar data, the airplane was descending through 12,800 feet above mean sea level (MSL). Approach control then advised the pilot to "descend at pilot's discretion" to 3,000 feet. After the pilot informed approach that he "broke out" of the clouds at 5,400 feet, the airplane continued to descend to join the localizer approach to Wiley Post. Approximately 1720, the pilot informed approach that he accumulated "some clear and rime" ice during the descent. Thirteen seconds later the pilot made a distress call and stated, "we're in trouble, we're going down." A female voice also transmitting from the airplane stated, "we are in trouble, we are in severe trouble, we're going down." According to Oklahoma approach radar track data, during the time period from 1712:19 to 1720:10, the airplane descended from 16,700 to 3,700 MSL. During the descent, the airplane decelerated from 268 to 92 knots ground speed. The last radar information, 14 miles southwest of the accident site, at 1720:10, showed the airplane descending through 3,700 feet MSL, at a ground speed of 92 knots, heading 200 degrees. An eye witness, Randy Erickson, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, reported that he observed the airplane descending prior to ground impact. He stated that the airplane "appeared to be doing tricks." He further stated that "the plane was going up [and] then headed straight down in a spin [and] it appeared that it was trying to pull out when it slammed into the ground." Another witness, Patty Humphrey, Guthrie, Oklahoma, reported that she "heard a large roar like a plane buzzing right over her house" and "then nothing." She then looked outside and "saw fire and smoke" in a nearby field. PERSONNEL INFORMATION The pilot's logbooks were not recovered; however, an estimate of his total flight time was derived from FAA records. AIRCRAFT INFORMATION A review of the available maintenance records did not reveal any pre-existing anomalies, discrepancies, or defects. The airplane was equipped with an IMC avionics package which included an autopilot with a flight director system. When the airplane was manufactured, equipment required for flight into known icing conditions was installed and certified. Pneumatic boots were installed on the wing and empennage leading edges. Estimates indicate that the airplane was within the prescribed limits for weight and center of gravity at the time of the accident. METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GEOS) images showed cloud cover along the airplane's route of flight and in the area of the accident. Temperatures in the clouds varied between -2 degrees C to about -9 degrees C. Additionally, an AIRMET for light to moderate rime icing in clouds below 9,000 feet was in effect for the time and area of the accident. The AIRMET indicated icing below 15,000 feet north of the accident site which included the route of flight of the airplane. In addition to the pilot's report of clear and rime ice to approach control just prior to the accident, the following Pilot Weather Reports are evidence that icing conditions were present in the area of the accident: Muskogee, Oklahoma (MKO) to Tulsa, Oklahoma (TUL) / time 1700 CST / during descent / type aircraft C-172 / icing moderate to severe 9,000 to 5,000 feet / 1/4 inch accumulation. TUL is located about 85 nautical miles east-northeast of the accident site. 090 degrees at 30 nautical miles from OKC / time 1717 CST / flight level 8,000 feet / type aircraft PA-34 / icing light mixed 8,000 to 8,500 feet. Oklahoma City (OKC) is located 21 nautical miles south of the accident site. A detailed National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Meteorological Factual Report is attached to this document. COMMUNICATIONS The following are the transcribed radio transmissions between the airplane and approach control from 1719 to 1720: 1719:23 N69TM "Six nine tango mike we just broke out at uh fifty four hundred." 1719:29 Approach "Nine tango mike thank you and there's nothing underneath ya." 1719:33 N69TM "Just dirt and roads." 1719:36 Approach "Ok advise when you get the airport nine tango mike." 1719:40 N69TM "Ok are we supposed to are we cleared for the approach or what." 1719:45 Approach "Uh well you're going to join uh I can turn you further right to join the localizer your present heading is taking you to about three north it's your choice." 1719:54 N69TM "Ok we'll just present heading is fine." 1719:56 Approach "Ok uh maintain three thousand nine tango mike did you get any icing in the descent." 1920:01 N69TM "Yeah we got some clear some rime." 1920:04 Approach "Ok how would you classify it uh light trace or what." 1920:13 N69TM "(unintelligible) (pilot) in trouble we're in trouble we're going down" .. (female voice) "we are in trouble we are in severe trouble we are going down." Copies of the transcribed radio communications between the pilot and Air Traffic Control facilities along the route of flight are attached to this report. WRECKAGE AND IMPACT INFORMATION The airplane came to rest in the initial ground scar on a measured heading of 091 degrees magnetic approximately 70 degrees nose down relative to the terrain. The entire cockpit and cabin section rearward to the empennage was destroyed by postimpact fire. The leading edge of the left wing displayed crushing aft along the span from the wingtip inboard to the nacelle. The right wing's leading edge was crushed aft along the span similar to the left wing with the outboard 4 feet of the aileron folded upward. Both wings were damaged by fire from their roots ## Aircraft - Registration: [N69TM](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N69TM-1995-05-25), registration cancelled 1995-05-25, S/N 11322 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Rockwell 690A - Registry model: [Rockwell International 690A](https://openairdocs.org/model/rockwell-international-690a) (registry code 7630515) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 11322 - Engines: GARRETT TPE-331-5-251 717 horsepower turbo prop - Damage: Destroyed - Fire: On-Ground - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Mc Mullen, Thomas M. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Departed: 3KM, WICHITA, KS - Destination: PWA, OKLAHOMA CITY, OK - Flight plan: IFR ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 58; commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: left; toxicology performed; flight hours: 2,870 total, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 90° at 10 knots - Visibility: 12 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 3,400 ft overcast - Temperature: 27 °F, dew point 5 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: PWA, 26 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19950212001519A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19950212001519A), Feb 12, 1995: Gulstm 690A, Oklahoma City, OK, Destroyed, 2 fatal. Pilot reported icing and in trouble. Observed in spin. AIRMET for icing out. Deicing equipped. Stall due to ice. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.