# NTSB FTW96TA021: Beech 95, N661T, Albuquerque, NM, October 22, 1995 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Final report - Date: October 22, 1995, 06:40 local (12:40 UTC) - Place: Albuquerque, NM - Coordinates: 35.180171, -106.589424 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=35.1802&lon=-106.5894&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 3 uninjured - Status: Completed, report December 19, 1995 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 19996 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=FTW96TA021 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/19996/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/FTW96TA021 ## Probable cause THE PILOT'S IMPROPER INFLIGHT DECISION TO MAKE A LANDING ON AN UNLIT RUNWAY AND HIS FAILURE TO MAINTAIN DIRECTIONAL CONTROL OF THE AIRPLANE. FACTORS WERE THE INOPERATIVE RUNWAY LIGHTS, BRIGHT LIGHTS FROM SURROUNDING AREAS, AND THE PILOT'S ATTENTION BEING DIVERTED DURING THE LANDING FLARE. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of control - on ground/water, landing - flare/touchdown - airport facilities,runway edge lights - inoperative (contributing factor) - in-flight planning/decision - improper, pilot in command (cause) - diverted attention, pilot in command (contributing factor) - light condition - other (contributing factor) - directional control - not maintained, pilot in command (cause) - On ground/water collision with object, landing - roll - object - hangar/airport building ## Analysis THE CIVIL AIR PATROL (CAP) PILOT ATTEMPTED TO TURN ON THE PILOT-CONTROLLED RUNWAY LIGHTS BUT THEY FAILED TO ILLUMINATE. HE DECIDED TO MAKE AN APPROACH TO SEE IF HE COULD LOCATE THE UNLIT RUNWAY. HE SAID THE RUNWAY WAS IN SIGHT AND IN FRONT OF HIM WHEN HE FLARED FOR LANDING. THE AIRPLANE TOUCHED DOWN IN THE MEDIAN BETWEEN THE RUNWAY AND PARALLEL TAXIWAY AND STRUCK A RISE IN THE RUNWAY TURNOFF. THE LEFT MAIN LANDING GEAR COLLAPSED, AND THE AIRPLANE SKIDDED ACROSS THE TAXIWAY AND COLLIDED WITH A HANGAR. CAP INVESTIGATORS FOUND THE RUNWAY LIGHTS MASTER SWITCH TURNED OFF. THEY REPORTED THE REAR SEAT PASSENGER HAD SEEN SOMETHING RUN ACROSS THE RUNWAY WHEN THE AIRPLANE WAS ON SHORT FINAL. THE PILOT TURNED HIS HEAD LEFT AND REARWARD AND TOLD THE PASSENGER IT WAS PROBABLY A COYOTE. CONCLUSIONS DRAWN FROM A CAP FLIGHT MADE THE FOLLOWING MORNING AT THE APPROXIMATE TIME OF THE ACCIDENT WERE THAT THE RUNWAY WAS CLEARLY VISIBLE THROUGHOUT THEIR APPROACH, BUT FLOODLIGHTS IN THE HANGAR AREA AS WELL AS THOSE FROM A NEARBY BASEBALL FIELD CAUSED THEIR PILOT'S EYES TO ADJUST, AND CONTACT WITH THE LANDING AREA WAS MOMENTARILY LOST. ## Factual narrative On October 22, 1995, at 0640 mountain daylight time, a Beech 95, N661T, was substantially damaged during landing at Albuquerque, New Mexico. The commercial pilot and two passengers were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time, and no flight plan was filed for the public use flight being conducted under Title 14 CFR Part 91. The flight originated at Edgewood, New Mexico, approximately 0615. The following is based on the pilot/operator report. The pilot and passengers were en route to participate in a Civil Air Patrol (CAP) Search and Rescue training exercise in Taos, New Mexico. The pilot departed Moriarty, New Mexico, at 0530, and landed at Sandia Airpark, Edgewood, New Mexico, where two CAP cadets boarded. It then departed for Coronado Airport, Albuquerque, New Mexico, where they were to pick up another CAP member. As the flight entered the crosswind leg of Coronado Airport's traffic pattern, the pilot attempted to turn on the pilot-controlled runway lights; however, they did not illuminate. He decided to make an approach to see if he could locate the unlit runway. The airplane touched down in the median between the runway and parallel taxiway and struck rought terrain. The left main landing gear collapsed and the airplane skidded across a taxiway and collided with a hangar. The Civil Air Patrol also investigated this accident and according to its report, the pilot said he had visual contact with the runway throughout the approach and was aligned with the runway centerline. As the airplane was flared for landing, the rear seat occupant saw something moving from right to left across the runway. The pilot turned his head left and rearward and told the passenger that it was probably a coyote. Civil Air Patrol investigators examined the runway lights master switch and found it to be in the off position. A CAP pilot also flew several approaches the following morning at the approximate time of the accident. Conclusions made during the flight were that "the runway was clearly visible," but that the "floodlights in the hangar area as well as those from the baseball diamonds (to the east of the airport) caused the (pilot's) eyes to adjust, and contact with the landing area was lost in darkness at a height of about 35-40 feet AGL." One passenger submitted a written statement that corroborated the pilot's original report of events. Accident reports from the Civil Air Patrol and New Mexico State Police are attached. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N661T](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N661T-1997-06-03), registration cancelled 1997-06-03, S/N TD68 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: BEECH 95 - Registry model: [Beech 95](https://openairdocs.org/model/beech-95) (registry code 1153402) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: TD-68 - Engines: LYCOMING O-360-A1A 180 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Public aircraft, Part 91 - Registered owner: East Mountain Flyers, Inc. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, January 7, 1995 - Departed: NM51, EDGEWOOD, NM - Destination: 4AC - Airport: 4AC, Coronado Air Center, runway 35, 4,010 × 60 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 45; commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 1,040 total, 78 in this make and model, 935 as pilot in command, 93 in the last 90 days, 24 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Dawn - Wind: 130° at 4 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 46 °F, dew point 25 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: ABQ, 8 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19951022033739A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19951022033739A), Oct 22, 1995: Beech 95, Albuquerque, NM, Substantial damage. Cap flight on training mission. Landed at unlighted airport on grass between runway and taxiway. Struck a hangar. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.