# NTSB GAA16CA013: Beech F33, N5581T, Marana, AZ, October 12, 2015 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: October 12, 2015, 07:45 local (14:45 UTC) - Place: Marana, AZ - Coordinates: 32.409442, -111.21833 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=32.4094&lon=-111.2183&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Approach-VFR go-around: Collision during takeoff/land](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/490) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 3 uninjured - Status: Completed, report January 15, 2016 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: General Aviation Accidents - Parties: Federal Aviation Administration - NTSB case key (mKey): 92173 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=GAA16CA013 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/92173/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=92173 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA16CA013 ## Probable cause The student pilot's failure to maintain sufficient airspeed during the base to final turn resulting in an inadvertent aerodynamic stall and impact with terrain during recovery by the flight instructor. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Student/instructed pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Beech F33A, 9 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=1151425), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Beech F33A, 5 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md?model=1151425), [All aircraft, 3,958 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: pitch control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062022): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Beech F33A, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062022/cases.md?model=1151425), [All aircraft, 526 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062022/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: descent rate](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062037): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained; cases with it: [Beech F33A, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062037/cases.md?model=1151425), [All aircraft, 242 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062037/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Approach-VFR pattern final: Aerodynamic stall/spin](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241); cases with it: [Beech F33A, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241/sequence.md?model=1151425), [All aircraft, 1,529 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241/sequence.md) - [Approach-VFR pattern final: Attempted remediation/recovery](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060); cases with it: [Beech F33A, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md?model=1151425), [All aircraft, 1,422 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md) - [Landing-flare/touchdown: Abrupt maneuver](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/270); cases with it: [Beech F33A, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/270/sequence.md?model=1151425), [All aircraft, 346 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/270/sequence.md) - [Approach-VFR go-around: Attempted remediation/recovery](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060); cases with it: [Beech F33A, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md?model=1151425), [All aircraft, 1,422 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md) - [Approach-VFR go-around: Loss of lift](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/500); cases with it: [Beech F33A, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/500/sequence.md?model=1151425), [All aircraft, 252 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/500/sequence.md) - [Approach-VFR go-around: Collision during takeoff/land](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/490) (defining event); cases with it: [Beech F33A, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/490/sequence.md?model=1151425), [All aircraft, 1,309 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/490/sequence.md) - [Approach-VFR go-around: Miscellaneous/other](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/900); cases with it: [Beech F33A, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/900/sequence.md?model=1151425), [All aircraft, 1,556 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/900/sequence.md) ## Analysis According to the flight instructor, during the turn from base to the final, the stall warning horn sounded and the aircraft descent rate increased. The flight instructor reported that he told the student pilot to go-around, and the student increased the power, but the airplane continued to descend and touched down on the runway briefly. He reported that the student then tried to "pull" the airplane off of the runway and either failed to apply sufficient right rudder, or accidentally applied left rudder, and the airplane abruptly yawed to the left. The flight instructor reported that he immediately took control of the airplane which exited the runway to the left. The flight instructor recounted that the airplane continued accelerating a few feet off of the ground. He reported that the airplane's left main landing gear struck the ground, and the "left wing tip must have scraped" the ground at that instant. He reported that he regained control of the airplane, initiated a climb, and executed a go-around. The flight instructor contacted the pilot of an airplane that was holding short of the runway and asked the pilot to look at the landing gear as he made a low pass. The pilot on the ground confirmed that the landing gear was intact. The flight instructor landed the airplane and contacted the operator. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left aileron. The flight instructor reported that there were no mechanical failures or anomalies prior to or during the flight that would have prevented normal operation. ## Factual narrative According to the flight instructor, during the turn from base to the final, the stall warning horn sounded and the aircraft descent rate increased. The flight instructor reported that he told the student pilot to go-around, and the student increased the power, but the airplane continued to descend and touched down on the runway briefly. He reported that the student then tried to "pull" the airplane off of the runway and either failed to apply sufficient right rudder, or accidentally applied left rudder, and the airplane abruptly yawed to the left. The flight instructor reported that he immediately took control of the airplane which exited the runway to the left. The flight instructor recounted that the airplane continued accelerating a few feet off of the ground. He reported that the airplane's left main landing gear struck the ground, and the "left wing tip must have scraped" the ground at that instant. He reported that he regained control of the airplane, initiated a climb, and executed a go-around. The flight instructor contacted the pilot of an airplane that was holding short of the runway and asked the pilot to look at the landing gear as he made a low pass. The pilot on the ground confirmed that the landing gear was intact. The flight instructor landed the airplane and contacted the operator. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left aileron. The flight instructor reported that there were no mechanical failures or anomalies prior to or during the flight that would have prevented normal operation. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N5581T](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N5581T), registered now, S/N CE-1350, built 1989 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: BEECH F33 (A) - Registry model: [Beech F33A](https://openairdocs.org/model/beech-f33a) (registry code 1151425) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental IO-520 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-io-520-series) (registry code 17032, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: CE-1350 - Year built: 1989 - Airframe hours: 26093.1 - Engines: Continental IO-520 285 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Operator: Airline Training Center Arizona Inc, doing business as Flight Instruction - Registered owner: Airline Training Center Arizona Inc - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Utility - Last inspection: Continuous airworthiness, September 18, 2015 - Departed: KGYR, Goodyear, AZ - Destination: KAVQ, Marana, AZ - Airport: AVQ, Marana Regional Airport, runway 12, 6,901 × 100 ft, asphalt - Equipment: Stall warning system ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Student pilot; age 22; injuries: none; student; medical: class 3, without waivers/limitations; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 93 total, 93 in this make and model - Student pilot; injuries: none; student; medical: class 3, with waivers/limitations; seat: right; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 87 total, 87 in this make and model - Flight instructor; age 49; injuries: none; flight instructor, airline transport; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, with waivers/limitations; last flight review April 30, 2015; seat: right; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 6,400 total, 2,200 in this make and model, 5,100 as pilot in command, 120 in the last 90 days, 30 in the last 30 days, 2 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 80° at 4 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 70 °F, dew point 55 °F - Altimeter: 30.10 inHg - Observed at: KRYN, 16 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20151012020539A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20151012020539A), Oct 12, 2015: Beech F33A, Marana, AZ, Minor damage. Airline training center Arizona (atca) was performing a training flight from goodyear, AZ (gyr) to Marana, AZ (avq) when during short final to runway 12 the… ## Docket (2 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on December 24, 2015, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=92173. 2.0 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 1.9 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40435210&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Photos (Courtesy of FAA) (item 2, .PDF, 2 photos, 167 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40435211&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photos%20(Courtesy%20of%20FAA)-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.