# NTSB GAA16CA353: Cessna 182, N42469, Hungry Horse, MT, July 2, 2016 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Minor injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: July 2, 2016, 08:15 local (14:15 UTC) - Place: Hungry Horse, MT - Coordinates: 48.079723, -113.245002 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=48.0797&lon=-113.2450&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing-landing roll: Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300) - Highest injury: Minor injuries - Injuries: 1 minor, 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report December 5, 2016 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: General Aviation Accidents - Parties: FAA - NTSB case key (mKey): 93517 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=GAA16CA353 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/93517/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=93517 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA16CA353 ## Probable cause The pilot's decision to land on unsuitable wet terrain, and his failure to stop prior to the end of the runway, which resulted in a runway overrun and impact with tree(s). ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 182L, 12 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=2072726), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) - [Info processing/decision: decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 182L, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md?model=2072726), [All aircraft, 3,098 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: surface speed/braking](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062045): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 182L, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062045/cases.md?model=2072726), [All aircraft, 238 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062045/cases.md) - [Runway/land/takeoff/taxi surface: wet surface](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023010): Environmental issues › Physical environment · Effect on operation; cases with it: [Cessna 182L, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023010/cases.md?model=2072726), [All aircraft, 141 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023010/cases.md) - [Object/animal/substance: tree(s)](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022020): Environmental issues › Physical environment · Contributed to outcome; cases with it: [Cessna 182L, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022020/cases.md?model=2072726), [All aircraft, 933 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022020/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing-landing roll: Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 182L, 6 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md?model=2072726), [All aircraft, 3,643 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Cessna 182L, 10 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=2072726), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot reported that he had landed at the accident airstrip previously in September of 2015 with no difficulty. He further reported that the airstrip had about 3000 feet of runway but about 400 feet was unusable for landing due to its roughness. The pilot reported that on his first landing attempt the approach speed was too fast and he elected to go-around. He estimated his approach speed during the accident landing about 80 miles per hour. The pilot further reported that the airplane touched down about 500 feet down the runway; he applied the brakes but was unable to stop prior to the end of the runway. The airplane overran the runway and impacted trees, which resulted in substantial damage to the left wing and fuselage. The pilot did not report any mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. After the pilot and passenger egressed from the wreckage the pilot observed that the grass runway was wet from the morning dew, and the grass was about 7 inches tall. ## Factual narrative The pilot reported that he had landed at the accident airstrip previously in September of 2015 with no difficulty. He further reported that the airstrip had about 3000 feet of runway but about 400 feet was unusable for landing due to its roughness. The pilot reported that on his first landing attempt the approach speed was too fast and he elected to go-around. He estimated his approach speed during the accident landing about 80 miles per hour. The pilot further reported that the airplane touched down about 500 feet down the runway; he applied the brakes but was unable to stop prior to the end of the runway. The airplane overran the runway and impacted trees, which resulted in substantial damage to the left wing and fuselage. The pilot did not report any mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. After the pilot and passenger egressed from the wreckage the pilot observed that the grass runway was wet from the morning dew, and the grass was about 7 inches tall. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N42469](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N42469-2018-03-16), registration cancelled 2018-03-16, S/N 18259029, built 1968 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 182 (L) - Registry model: [Cessna 182L](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-182l) (registry code 2072726) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental O-470 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-o-470-series) (registry code 17026, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 18259029 - Year built: 1968 - Airframe hours: 4245.2 - Engines: CONT MOTOR O-470-R74B 240 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Windjox LLC. - Registered owner: Windjox LLC. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, July 1, 2015 - Departed: CII, CHOTEAU, MT - Destination: 8U2, Hungry Horse, MT - Flight plan: VFR - Airport: 8U2, Schafer /Usfs/, runway 25, 3,200 × 60 ft, grass/turf - Equipment: Auto-pilot ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 60; injuries: minor; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, with waivers/limitations; last flight review February 2, 2015; seat: left; restraint: lap only; flight hours: 894 total, 812 in this make and model, 822 as pilot in command, 18 in the last 90 days, 15 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 10° at 3 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 61 °F, dew point 52 °F - Altimeter: 29.96 inHg - Observed at: KGPI, 43 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20160702010429A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20160702010429A), Jul 2, 2016: Cessna 182L, Summit, MT, Substantial damage. Times, headings, measurements and altitudes are approximate. On July 2, 2016, N42469, a Cessna C-182L, the private pilot; took off from the great falls airport… ## Docket (3 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on October 6, 2016, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=93517. 2.5 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 1.9 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40445113&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Record of Phone Conversation (Pilot) (item 2, .PDF, 306 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40445115&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Phone%20Conversation%20(Pilot)-Master.PDF - Accident Photo (Courtesy of FAA) (item 3, .PDF, 1 photo, 309 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40445114&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Accident%20Photo%20(Courtesy%20of%20FAA)-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.