# NTSB GAA17CA125: Great Lakes 2T1A, N16GL, Canon City, CO, January 28, 2017 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: January 28, 2017, 14:45 local (21:45 UTC) - Place: Canon City, CO - Coordinates: 38.429443, -105.107498 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=38.4294&lon=-105.1075&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report April 4, 2017 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: General Aviation Accidents - Parties: FAA - NTSB case key (mKey): 94664 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=GAA17CA125 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/94664/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=94664 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA17CA125 ## Probable cause The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s unstabilized approach. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Performance/control parameters: directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Great Lakes 2T-1A-2, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md?model=3910101), [All aircraft, 3,958 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Great Lakes 2T-1A-2, 5 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=3910101), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: descent/approach/glide path](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062040): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Great Lakes 2T-1A-2, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062040/cases.md?model=3910101), [All aircraft, 809 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062040/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) (defining event); cases with it: [Great Lakes 2T-1A-2, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md?model=3910101), [All aircraft, 4,585 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md) - [Landing: Attempted remediation/recovery](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060); cases with it: [Great Lakes 2T-1A-2, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md?model=3910101), [All aircraft, 1,422 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md) - [Landing: Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300); cases with it: [Great Lakes 2T-1A-2, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md?model=3910101), [All aircraft, 3,643 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md) - [Landing: Nose over/nose down](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096); cases with it: [Great Lakes 2T-1A-2, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096/sequence.md?model=3910101), [All aircraft, 2,287 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot of the tailwheel-equipped biplane reported that she extended the downwind leg due to other aircraft in the traffic pattern and that, while on the extended final, she put the biplane in a "slip." During the slip, the windsock was out of view. She further reported that, during the landing flare, she noticed that the "ground-speed" was higher than normal and that "about 800 ft" after touchdown, the biplane "violently swerved to the right." She attempted to recover with rudder inputs; however, the biplane veered off the runway and came to rest inverted. The biplane sustained substantial damage to the empennage. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airframe or engine that would have precluded normal operation. ## Factual narrative The pilot of the tailwheel equipped biplane reported that she extended her downwind due to other aircraft in the traffic pattern, and that while on the extended final she put the biplane in a "slip". During the slip, she reported that the windsock was out of view. She further reported that during the landing flare she noticed her "ground-speed" was higher than normal, and that "about 800 ft." after touchdown, the biplane "violently swerved to the right". She attempted to recover with rudder inputs, however the biplane veered off the runway and came to rest inverted. The biplane sustained substantial damage to the empennage. The pilot reported there were no pre-accident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airframe or engine that would have precluded normal operation. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N16GL](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N16GL), registered now, S/N 0772 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: GREAT LAKES 2T1A (2) - Registry model: [Great Lakes 2T-1A-2](https://openairdocs.org/model/great-lakes-2t-1a-2) (registry code 3910101) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming AEIO-360 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-aeio-360-series) (registry code 41522, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 0772 - Year built: 1977 - Airframe hours: 1124.3 - Engines: Lycoming AEIO-360-B1G6 180 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Aerobatic - Last inspection: Annual, August 19, 2016 - Departed: 1V6, Canon City, CO - Destination: 1V6, Canon City, CO - Airport: 1V6, Fremont County, runway 11, 5,399 × 75 ft, asphalt - Equipment: None ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 58; injuries: none; commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 2, with waivers/limitations; last flight review July 2, 2015; seat: rear; restraint: 5-point; flight hours: 779 total, 62 in this make and model, 639 as pilot in command, 25 in the last 90 days, 6 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: calm - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 55 °F, dew point 9 °F - Altimeter: 30.23 inHg - Observed at: K1V6, 22 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20170128002339A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20170128002339A), Jan 28, 2017: Great Lakes 2T-1A-2, Canon City, CO, Substantial damage. Upon returning to base airport at fremont county airport , the pilot and passenger of N16GL tuned and listened to the AWOS weather briefing provided by 1V6,… ## Other investigations on N16GL (1) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB SEA03LA141](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/SEA03LA141), Jul 17, 2003: Great Lakes 2T-1A-2 (N16GL), Newman Lake, WA, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's failure to maintain clearance from an object while on final approach for landing. Trees and inadequate visual lookout were factors. ## Docket (2 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on March 15, 2017, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=94664. 4.3 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 4.0 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40449966&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Accident Photo (Courtesy of FAA) (item 2, .PDF, 1 photo, 285 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40449968&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Accident%20Photo%20(Courtesy%20of%20FAA)-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.