# NTSB GAA17CA224: Stinson 108, N9363K, Woodruff, WI, April 7, 2017

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report
- Date: April 7, 2017, 13:00 local (18:00 UTC)
- Place: Woodruff, WI
- Coordinates: 45.928054, -89.730834 (estimated)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=45.9281&lon=-89.7308&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Defining event: [Landing-landing roll: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230)
- Highest injury: No injuries
- Injuries: 2 uninjured
- Status: Completed, report July 5, 2017
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB office: General Aviation Accidents
- Parties: FAA/ FSDO
- NTSB case key (mKey): 94986
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=GAA17CA224
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/94986/pdf
- NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=94986
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA17CA224

## Probable cause

The pilot receiving instruction's incorrect brake usage and failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll.

## Findings

NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause.

- [Use of equip/info: use of equip/system](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015): Personnel issues › Task performance · Student/instructed pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Stinson 108-2, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015/cases.md?model=9230406), [All aircraft, 1,391 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015/cases.md)
- [Performance/control parameters: directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Stinson 108-2, 13 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md?model=9230406), [All aircraft, 3,958 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md)
- [Landing gear system: brake](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023242): Aircraft › Aircraft systems · Incorrect use/operation (probable cause); cases with it: [Stinson 108-2, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023242/cases.md?model=9230406), [All aircraft, 297 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023242/cases.md)
- [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Student/instructed pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Stinson 108-2, 14 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=9230406), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md)

## Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened.

- [Landing-landing roll: Attempted remediation/recovery](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060); cases with it: [Stinson 108-2, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md?model=9230406), [All aircraft, 1,422 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md)
- [Landing-landing roll: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) (defining event); cases with it: [Stinson 108-2, 13 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md?model=9230406), [All aircraft, 4,585 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md)
- [Landing-landing roll: Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300); cases with it: [Stinson 108-2, 7 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md?model=9230406), [All aircraft, 3,643 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md)
- [Landing-landing roll: Landing gear collapse](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/094); cases with it: [Stinson 108-2, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/094/sequence.md?model=9230406), [All aircraft, 1,787 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/094/sequence.md)
- [Landing-landing roll: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Stinson 108-2, 9 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=9230406), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md)

## Analysis

The flight instructor of the tailwheel-equipped airplane reported that, during a three-point landing touchdown, the airplane pulled to the left, and he heard a "pop." He added that the pilot who was flying and receiving instruction "locked up" the right brake. Subsequently, the airplane departed the runway surface to the right and ground looped. During an interview with a Federal Aviation Administration Aviation Safety Inspector, the pilot receiving instruction reported that, during the landing roll, the airplane drifted to the left, and he applied right brake to correct. He added that, upon braking, he heard the left tire blow, and the airplane departed the runway to the right. Subsequently, the airplane ground looped, the left main landing gear collapsed, and the left wing impacted the ground. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left wing. The flight instructor reported that the tire "inner tube" on the left main landing gear failed during the landing roll.

## Factual narrative

The flight instructor of the tailwheel-equipped airplane reported that during a 3-point landing touchdown, the airplane pulled to the left and he heard a "pop." He added that the pilot who was flying and receiving instruction "locked up" the right brake. Subsequently, the airplane departed the runway surface to the right, and ground looped. During an interview with a Federal Aviation Administration Aviation Safety Inspector, the pilot receiving flight instruction reported that during the landing roll, the airplane drifted to the left and he applied right brake to correct. He added that upon braking, he heard the left tire blow and the airplane departed the runway to the right. Subsequently, the airplane ground looped, the left main landing gear collapsed, and the left wing impacted the ground. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left wing. The flight instructor reported that the tire "inner tube" on the left main landing gear failed during the landing roll.

## Aircraft

- Registration: [N9363K](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N9363K-2018-10-22), registration cancelled 2018-10-22, S/N 108-2363, built 1947 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: STINSON 108 (2)
- Registry model: [Stinson 108-2](https://openairdocs.org/model/stinson-108-2) (registry code 9230406) (OpenAirDocs)
- Registry engine: [Franklin 6A4165 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/franklin-6a4165-series) (registry code 27025, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 108-2363
- Year built: 1947
- Airframe hours: 2824.5
- Engines: FRANKLIN 6A4165-B3 165 horsepower reciprocating
- Damage: Substantial damage
- Flight: Instructional, Part 91
- Operator: Lakeland Aviation
- Registered owner: Petersen, Mark C.
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal
- Last inspection: Annual, May 1, 2016
- Departed: ARV, MINOCQUA-WOODRUFF, WI
- Destination: ARV, MINOCQUA-WOODRUFF, WI
- Airport: ARV, Lakeland/Noble F Lee Memorial, runway 36, 5,150 × 100 ft, asphalt
- Equipment: Handheld GPS, Electronic flight bag or handheld device

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Flight instructor; age 59; injuries: none; private, flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine sea, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, without waivers/limitations; last flight review June 16, 2016; seat: right; restraint: lap only; flight hours: 2,994.1 total, 41.5 in this make and model, 2,110.1 as pilot in command, 18.5 in the last 90 days, 4.9 in the last 30 days
- Student pilot; age 48; injuries: none; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3, with waivers/limitations; last flight review February 26, 2016; seat: left; restraint: lap only; flight hours: 238.8 total, 1 in this make and model, 187 as pilot in command, 5 in the last 90 days, 4.3 in the last 30 days

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day
- Wind: 300° at 6 knots
- Visibility: 10 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: none
- Temperature: 52 °F, dew point 14 °F
- Altimeter: 30.06 inHg
- Observed at: KARV

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 20170407006219A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20170407006219A), Apr 7, 2017: Stinson 108-2, Wooddruff, WI, Substantial damage. On April 07, 2017 at 1300 locl time, N9363K a Stinson 108-2 was conducting a training flight practicing landings at the Lakeland Noble f. lee airport, minaqua…

## Docket (4 files)

The files NTSB released with the investigation on June 9, 2017, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=94986. 908 KB in all.

- Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 544 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40453016&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF
- FAA Inspector Statement (item 2, .PDF, 53 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40453017&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=FAA%20Inspector%20Statement-Master.PDF
- Record of Conversation (Flight Instructor) (item 3, .PDF, 59 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40453018&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Conversation%20(Flight%20Instructor)-Master.PDF
- Accident Photos (item 4, .PDF, 252 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40453019&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Accident%20Photos-Master.PDF

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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