# NTSB GAA18CA139: Cessna 402, N402MY, Mount Sterling, KY, February 17, 2018 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: February 17, 2018, 14:30 local (19:30 UTC) - Place: Mount Sterling, KY - Coordinates: 38.058612, -83.980003 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=38.0586&lon=-83.9800&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report May 14, 2018 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: General Aviation Accidents - Parties: FAA - NTSB case key (mKey): 96783 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=GAA18CA139 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/96783/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=96783 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA18CA139 ## Probable cause The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll on a wet surface. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 402B, 5 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=207590P), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 402B, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md?model=207590P), [All aircraft, 3,958 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md) - [Runway/land/takeoff/taxi surface: wet surface](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023010): Environmental issues › Physical environment · Effect on operation; cases with it: [Cessna 402B, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023010/cases.md?model=207590P), [All aircraft, 141 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023010/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 402B, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md?model=207590P), [All aircraft, 4,585 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md) - [Landing: Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300); cases with it: [Cessna 402B, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md?model=207590P), [All aircraft, 3,643 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md) - [Landing: Landing gear collapse](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/094); cases with it: [Cessna 402B, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/094/sequence.md?model=207590P), [All aircraft, 1,787 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/094/sequence.md) - [Landing: Nose over/nose down](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096); cases with it: [Cessna 402B, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096/sequence.md?model=207590P), [All aircraft, 2,287 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot reported that, during landing after it had just rained, the airplane touched down on the first third of the wet runway on the centerline. During the landing roll, he let the airplane roll to the end of the runway so that he did not have to use excessive brake inputs. He added that, as he turned left toward the taxiway, he noticed the brakes were not very effective and that the airplane began to pivot to the right. He felt the right main landing gear and nosewheel slide. The airplane exited the runway, and the nosewheel "bumped and folded." Subsequently, the airplane came to rest nose down. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the fuselage. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Factual narrative The pilot reported that during landing after it had just rained, the airplane touched down on the first third of the wet runway on the centerline. During the landing roll, he let the airplane roll to the end of the runway, so that he did not have to use excessive brake inputs. He added that, as he turned left toward the taxiway, he noticed the brakes were not very effective and the airplane began to pivot to the right. He felt the right main gear and nose wheel slide, the airplane exited the runway, and the nose wheel "bumped and folded". Subsequently, the airplane came to rest nosed down. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the fuselage. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N402MY](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N402MY-2019-09-06), registration cancelled 2019-09-06, S/N 402B0109, built 1971 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 402 (B) - Registry model: [Cessna 402B](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-402b) (registry code 207590P) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [TCM Cont TSIO-520 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/tcm-cont-tsio-520-series) (registry code 17060, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 402B0109 - Year built: 1971 - Engines: CONT MOTOR TSIO 520SER reciprocating; CONT MOTOR TSIO 520SER reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Departed: ISM, ORLANDO, FL - Destination: IOB, Mount Sterling, KY - Flight plan: Company VFR - Airport: IOB, Mount Sterling-Montgomery Coun, runway 03, 5,000 × 75 ft, asphalt - Equipment: Satellite tracking device, Auto-pilot ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 40; injuries: none; commercial, flight instructor; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, without waivers/limitations; last flight review October 5, 2017; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 2,969 total, 248 in this make and model, 2,700 as pilot in command, 100 in the last 90 days, 20 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Instrument (IMC), Day - Wind: calm - Lowest ceiling: 400 ft overcast - Temperature: 36 °F, dew point 36 °F - Altimeter: 30.03 inHg - Observed at: KIOB, 1 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20180217002689A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20180217002689A), Feb 17, 2018: Cessna 402B, Mt Sterling, KY, Substantial damage. Pilot after completing a missed approach, turned short and landed passed the 4000 foot marker leaving 2000 feet to stop. Applied hard braking and slid off the… ## Docket (3 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on April 3, 2018, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=96783. 1.0 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 809 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40461569&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Memorandum for Record - Telephone Interview, Pilot (item 2, .PDF, 105 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40461570&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Memorandum%20for%20Record%20-%20Telephone%20Interview,%20Pilot-Master.PDF - Accident Picture (Courtesy of FAA) (item 3, .PDF, 1 photo, 118 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40461571&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Accident%20Picture%20(Courtesy%20of%20FAA)-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.