# NTSB GAA18CA171: Beech 76, N969RA, Oshkosh, WI, March 9, 2018 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: March 9, 2018, 14:30 local (20:30 UTC) - Place: Oshkosh, WI - Coordinates: 43.984443, -88.556945 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=43.9844&lon=-88.5569&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing-flare/touchdown: Abnormal runway contact](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report September 10, 2018 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: General Aviation Accidents - Parties: FAA - NTSB case key (mKey): 96900 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=GAA18CA171 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/96900/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=96900 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA18CA171 ## Probable cause The pilot’s failure to extend the landing gear and the flight instructor’s failure to ensure that the landing gear were extended during landing. Contributing to the accident were the pilot’s and the instructor’s improper use of checklist. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Landing gear system: main landing gear](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023210): Aircraft › Aircraft systems · Not used/operated (probable cause); cases with it: [Beech 76, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023210/cases.md?model=1153005), [All aircraft, 241 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023210/cases.md) - [Action: lack of action](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041030): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Beech 76, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041030/cases.md?model=1153005), [All aircraft, 792 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041030/cases.md) - [Action: lack of action](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041030): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Instructor/check pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Beech 76, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041030/cases.md?model=1153005), [All aircraft, 792 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041030/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: use of checklist](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063030): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Beech 76, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063030/cases.md?model=1153005), [All aircraft, 336 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063030/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: use of checklist](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063030): Personnel issues › Task performance · Instructor/check pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Beech 76, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063030/cases.md?model=1153005), [All aircraft, 336 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063030/cases.md) - [Attention/monitoring: task monitoring/vigilance](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021520): Personnel issues › Psychological · Pilot; cases with it: [Beech 76, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021520/cases.md?model=1153005), [All aircraft, 330 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021520/cases.md) - [Landing gear system: gear extension and retract sys](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023230): Aircraft › Aircraft systems · Not used/operated (probable cause); cases with it: [Beech 76, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023230/cases.md?model=1153005), [All aircraft, 416 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023230/cases.md) - [Landing gear system: gear position and warning](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023260): Aircraft › Aircraft systems · Related operating info; cases with it: [Beech 76, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023260/cases.md?model=1153005), [All aircraft, 37 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023260/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing-flare/touchdown: Abnormal runway contact](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090) (defining event); cases with it: [Beech 76, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090/sequence.md?model=1153005), [All aircraft, 1,506 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090/sequence.md) - [Landing-flare/touchdown: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Beech 76, 18 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=1153005), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) ## Analysis The flight instructor reported that he was providing multi-engine instruction to a private pilot who held a single engine airplane rating; the airplane had retractable landing gear. During the pilot's first simulated engine failure, single-engine approach to land, he did not extend the landing gear, and the flight instructor did not verify that the landing gear were extended. During the approach, both pilots heard the landing gear warning horn but disregarded it because of the nature of the maneuver. The airplane touched down on the runway with the landing gear retracted. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the lower fuselage. According to the Airplane Flying Handbook, page 1-6 Use of Checklist: The importance of consistent use of checklists cannot be overstated in pilot training. A major objective in primary flight training is to establish habit patterns that will serve pilots well throughout their entire flying career. The flight instructor must promote a positive attitude toward the use of checklists, and the student pilot must realize its importance. The pilot reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Factual narrative The flight instructor reported that he was providing multi-engine instruction in an airplane with retractable landing gear to a private pilot that held a single engine airplane rating. During the pilot's first simulated engine failure, single engine approach to land, he did not extend the landing gear, and the flight instructor did not verify that the landing gear were extended. During the approach, the landing gear warning horn was heard by both pilots but disregarded because of the nature of the maneuver. The airplane touched down on the runway with the landing gear retracted. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the lower fuselage. According to the Airplane Flying Handbook, page 1-6 Use of Checklist: The importance of consistent use of checklists cannot be overstated in pilot training. A major objective in primary flight training is to establish habit patterns that will serve pilots well throughout their entire flying career. The flight instructor must promote a positive attitude toward the use of checklists, and the student pilot must realize its importance. The pilot reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N969RA](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N969RA), registered now, S/N ME-317, built 1980 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: BEECH 76 (NO SERIES) - Registry model: [Beech 76](https://openairdocs.org/model/beech-76) (registry code 1153005) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming O&VO-360 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-o-vo-360-series) (registry code 41514, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: ME-317 - Year built: 1980 - Airframe hours: 9460.3 - Engines: LYCOMING O-360-A1G6D 180 horsepower reciprocating; LYCOMING LO-360-A1G6D 180 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Operator: Fox Valley Technical College - Registered owner: Fox Valley Technical College - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, March 6, 2018 - Departed: OSH, Oshkosk, WI - Destination: OSH, Oshkosk, WI - Airport: OSH, Wittman Rgnl, runway 36, 8,002 × 150 ft, concrete - Equipment: Electronic flight bag or handheld device, Stall warning system ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 43; injuries: none; airline transport, flight instructor; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, with waivers/limitations; last flight review September 11, 2017; seat: right; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 8,001 total, 420 in this make and model, 5,212 as pilot in command, 44 in the last 90 days, 14 in the last 30 days, 3 in the last 24 hours - Pilot; age 23; injuries: none; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, without waivers/limitations; last flight review April 28, 2017; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 206 total, 13 in this make and model, 146 as pilot in command, 19 in the last 90 days, 11 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 270° at 7 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 36 °F, dew point 14 °F - Altimeter: 29.95 inHg - Observed at: KOSH ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20180309000119A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20180309000119A), Mar 9, 2018: Beech 76, Oshkosh, WI, Substantial damage. On March 9, 2018 at approximately 1420 local time, a Beech model 76, registration number N969RA operated by fox valley technical college landed with the gear… ## Docket (2 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on July 5, 2018, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=96900. 1.3 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 1.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40464719&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Photo (item 2, .PDF, 1 photo, 123 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40464720&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.