# NTSB GAA18CA174: Cessna P210, N81MT, Jacksonville, FL, February 20, 2018 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: February 20, 2018, 15:06 local (20:06 UTC) - Place: Jacksonville, FL - Coordinates: 30.336389, -81.514442 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=30.3364&lon=-81.5144&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing-flare/touchdown: Landing gear not configured](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/095) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report September 10, 2018 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: General Aviation Accidents - Parties: FAA - NTSB case key (mKey): 96908 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=GAA18CA174 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/96908/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=96908 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA18CA174 ## Probable cause The pilot’s failure to extend the landing gear before landing. Contributing to the accident were pilot fatigue and his failure to use the before landing checklist. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Landing gear system: landing gear/wheel fairing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023201): Aircraft › Aircraft systems · Not used/operated (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna P210N, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023201/cases.md?model=2073454), [All aircraft, 9 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023201/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: use of equip/system](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna P210N, 5 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015/cases.md?model=2073454), [All aircraft, 1,391 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063015/cases.md) - [Alertness/Fatigue](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02013500): Personnel issues › Physical · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna P210N, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02013500/cases.md?model=2073454), [All aircraft, 48 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02013500/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: use of checklist](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063030): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna P210N, 7 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063030/cases.md?model=2073454), [All aircraft, 336 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063030/cases.md) - [Landing gear system: gear extension and retract sys](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023230): Aircraft › Aircraft systems · Not used/operated (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna P210N, 12 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023230/cases.md?model=2073454), [All aircraft, 416 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01023230/cases.md) - [Attention/monitoring: task monitoring/vigilance](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021520): Personnel issues › Psychological · Pilot; cases with it: [Cessna P210N, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021520/cases.md?model=2073454), [All aircraft, 330 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021520/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing-flare/touchdown: Landing gear not configured](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/095) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna P210N, 10 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/095/sequence.md?model=2073454), [All aircraft, 584 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/095/sequence.md) - [Landing: Abnormal runway contact](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090); cases with it: [Cessna P210N, 7 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090/sequence.md?model=2073454), [All aircraft, 1,506 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090/sequence.md) - [Landing: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Cessna P210N, 31 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=2073454), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot in the retractable landing gear-equipped airplane reported that he had been flying an instrument flight rules cross-country flight for about 6 continuous hours. He reported that he felt fatigued and anxious to get out of the airplane, so he decided to refuel enroute. He contacted a nearby tower, and, at that time, he was notified of two aircraft in the pattern. He was able to identify only one airplane before he initiated the approach. During the approach about 100ft above ground level, the tower controller informed the pilot that he needed to go around but did not say why. The pilot thought it to be unwise to abort the landing because he did not know the location of the second airplane in the pattern and continued the approach and landing. He reported that he did not accomplish the GUMPS (Gas Undercarriage Mixture Props) checklist because of the distractions, and the airplane touched down with the landing gear retracted. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the lower fuselage longerons and bulkhead. The pilot reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Factual narrative The pilot in the retractable landing gear-equipped airplane reported that he had been flying an instrument flight rules cross-country flight for about six continuous hours. He reported that he felt fatigued and anxious to get out of the airplane, so he decided to refuel enroute and contacted a nearby tower, and at that time he was notified of two aircraft in the pattern. He was able to identify only one of the airplanes before he initiated the approach. During the approach about 100ft AGL, tower informed the pilot that he needed to go around but did not say why. The pilot felt it to be unwise to abort the landing because he did not know the location of the second airplane in the pattern and continued the approach and landing. He reported that he did not accomplish the GUMPS checklist because of the distractions and the airplane touched down with the landing gear retracted. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the lower fuselage longerons and bulkhead. The pilot reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N81MT](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N81MT), registered now, S/N P21000794, built 1981 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA P210 (N) - Registry model: [Cessna P210N](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-p210n) (registry code 2073454) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental TSIO-520 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-tsio-520-series) (registry code 17040, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: P21000794 - Year built: 1981 - Airframe hours: 6057 - Engines: Continental TSIO520T 325 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Coleman Industrial Aviation And Equip Le - Registered owner: Coleman Industrial Aviation And Equip Le - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: 100 hour, May 12, 2017 - Departed: GVQ, Batavia, NY - Destination: CRG, Jacksonville, FL - Flight plan: IFR - Airport: CRG, Jacksonville Executive At Crai, runway 14, 4,008 × 100 ft, asphalt - Equipment: Onboard weather, Auto-pilot, ADS-B, Stall warning system, Satellite tracking device ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 78; injuries: none; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, with waivers/limitations; last flight review March 10, 2016; seat: front; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 6,057 total, 4,000 in this make and model, 6,057 as pilot in command, 34 in the last 90 days, 13 in the last 30 days, 6 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 120° at 11 knots, gusting 18 - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 3,000 ft broken - Temperature: 81 °F, dew point 70 °F - Altimeter: 30.32 inHg - Observed at: KCRG ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20180220002919A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20180220002919A), Feb 20, 2018: Cessna P210N, Jacksonville, FL, Substantial damage. Pilot departed batavia, NY (gvq) at approximatley 9 am EST enroute to north palm beach county, FL (F45) with a scheduled fuel stop in Jacksonville, FL (crg).… ## Docket (2 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on July 5, 2018, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=96908. 2.0 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 1.8 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40464721&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Photo (item 2, .PDF, 1 photo, 129 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40464722&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.